scholarly journals Global Processes, Regional Dynamics?

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 170-191
Author(s):  
Héctor Martínez-Grau ◽  
Reto Jagher ◽  
F. Xavier Oms ◽  
Joan Anton Barceló ◽  
Salvador Pardo-Gordó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Ne Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean ◽  
Se France

The goal of this paper is to discuss the validity of radiocarbon dates as a source of knowledge for explaining social dynamics over a large region and a long period of time. We have carefully selected c. 1000 14C dates for the time interval 8000–4000 cal BC within the northwestern Mediterranean area (NE Iberian Peninsula, SE France, N Italy) and Switzerland. Using statistical analysis, we have modelled the summed probability distribution of those dates for each of the analysed ecoregion and discussed the rhythms of neolithisation in these regions and the probability of social contact between previous Mesolithic and new Neolithic populations.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon dates, climatic events, and social dynamics during the Early Neolithic in Mediterranean Iberia

2016 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Bernabeu Aubán ◽  
Oreto García Puchol ◽  
Michael Barton ◽  
Sarah McClure ◽  
Salvador Pardo Gordó
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

Water mites (Hydrachnidia) of temporary ponds of Western Siberia: do the composition and the structure of acarofauna change over a long period of time?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly A. Stolbov ◽  
Victoria V. Stolbova ◽  
Sergey D. Sheykin
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Water Mites ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Long Time

Temporary ponds are specific freshwater habitats in which the characteristic fauna of aquatic organisms is formed. One of the large groups of invertebrates in temporary water bodies is water mites. In this work, water mites were studied in three different types of temporary ponds in the vicinity of the city of Tyumen, Western Siberia. The studies were carried out in two periods with a long time interval between them: in 2008–2010 and 2018–2019. In total, 33 species of water mites from 7 families were identified in the studied ponds. All ponds were dominated by vernal mite species typical for this type of water bodies. Also, they were characterized by similar seasonal dynamics of numbers. The species composition and the number of mites in different ponds varied, which is associated with different physicochemical parameters and the fauna of invertebrates, which served as food objects and hosts for the adults and larvae. Despite the small size and periodic drying of the ponds, the fauna of the mites inhabiting them has changed little over the long period of time that separates the studies. Only in one pond, which became permanent due to the rise of groundwater, significant changes in acarofauna were observed. Considering such constancy of the fauna of water mites of temporary ponds, they can be used as bioindicators of the ecological state of water bodies.

A Middle Dorset dwelling in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 493-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Trinity Bay

Abstract This paper describes a Middle Dorset dwelling in Trinity Bay Newfoundland. The dwelling features an extended flagstone pavement and a well defined lateral cooking area. The vast amount of refuse associated with the dwelling, as well as the radiocarbon dates ranging between 1880 and 1300 B.P., suggest that the house was occupied for a long period of time. The occupation of the dwelling was intense and complex and stratigraphic evidence points to at least five occupational or use episodes of the dwelling site.

The Holland Paleosol: an informal pedostratigraphic unit in the coastal dunes of southeastern Lake Michigan

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan F Arbogast ◽  
Randall J Schaetzl ◽  
Joseph P Hupy ◽  
Edward C Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Coastal Sand Dunes ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sand Supply ◽  
Buried Soil ◽  
Coastal Sand

A very prominent buried soil crops out in coastal sand dunes along an ~200 km section of the southeastern shore of Lake Michigan. This study is the first to investigate the character of this soil — informally described here as the Holland Paleosol — by focusing on six sites from Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore north to Montague, Michigan. Most dunes in this region are large (>40 m high) and contain numerous buried soils that indicate periods of reduced sand supply and comcomitant stabilization. Most of these soils are buried in the lower part of the dunes and are thin Entisols. The soil described here, in contrast, is relatively well developed, is buried in the upper part of many dunes, and formed by podzolization under forest vegetation. Radiocarbon dates indicate that this soil formed between ~3000 and 300 calibrated years BP. Pedons of the Holland Paleosol range in development from thick Entisols (Regosols) with A–Bw–BC–C horizonation to weakly developed Spodosols (Podzols) with A–E–Bs–Bw–BC–C profiles. Many profiles have overthickened and (or) stratified A horizons, indicative of slow and episodic burial. Differences in development are mainly due to paleolandscape position and variations in paleoclimate among the sites. The Holland Paleosol is significant because it represents a relatively long period of landscape stability in coastal dunes over a broad (200 km) area. This period of stability was concurrent with numerous fluctuations in Lake Michigan. Given the general sensitivity of coastal dunes to prehistoric lake-level fluctuations, the soil may reflect a time when the lake shore was farther west than it is today. The Holland Paleosol would probably qualify as a formal pedostratigraphic unit if it were buried by a formal lithostratgraphic or allostratigraphic unit.

Responses of Two Tall Buildings in Tokyo, Japan, before, during, and after the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake of 11 March 2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Çelebi ◽  
Yoshiaki Hisada ◽  
Roshanak Omrani ◽  
S. Farid Ghahari ◽  
Ertugrul Taciroglu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies

The 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Tohoku earthquake generated significant long duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected urban areas throughout much of Honshu. Recorded responses of tall buildings at several hundred km from the epicenter of the main shock and other events show tall buildings were affected by long-period motions of events at distant sources. This study presents behavioral aspects of 29-story and 30-story neighboring buildings in the Shinjuku area of Tokyo, Japan, as inferred from records retrieved from a sparse array of accelerometers deployed in the superstructures, at ground and 100 m below the ground level over a time interval covering before, during, and after the main shock. Such long-period effects are common in several regions of Japan as well as in the United States and in other seismically active countries. Permanent shifts in fundamental frequencies are observed. Drift ratios indicate possible structural nonlinear behavior occurred during the main shock. The need to consider risks to built environments from distant sources, including those in neighboring countries, is emphasized.

scholarly journals Using wearable proximity sensors to characterize social contact patterns in a village of rural Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ozella ◽  
Daniela Paolotti ◽  
Guilherme Lichand ◽  
Jorge P. Rodríguez ◽  
Simon Haenni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
The Village

AbstractMeasuring close proximity interactions between individuals can provide key information on social contacts in human communities and related behaviours. This is even more essential in rural settings in low- and middle-income countries where there is a need to understand contact patterns for the implementation of strategies for social protection interventions. We report the quantitative assessment of contact patterns in a village in rural Malawi, based on proximity sensors technology that allows for high-resolution measurements of social contacts. Our results revealed that the community structure of the village was highly correlated with the household membership of the individuals, thus confirming the importance of the family ties within the village. Social contacts within households occurred mainly between adults and children, and adults and adolescents and most of the inter-household social relationships occurred among adults and among adolescents. At the individual level, age and gender social assortment were observed in the inter-household network, and age disassortativity was instead observed in intra-household networks. Moreover, we obtained a clear trend of the daily contact activity of the village. Family members congregated in the early morning, during lunch time and dinner time. In contrast, inter-household contact activity displayed a growth from the morning, reaching a maximum in the afternoon.The proximity sensors technology used in this study provided high resolution temporal data characterized by timescales comparable with those intrinsic to social dynamics and it thus allowed to have access to the level of information needed to understand the social context of the village.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Chronology for Early Caves of the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Qinglin ◽  
Hiromi Takabayashi ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Chen Gangquan ◽  
Ken Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The North ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
Mogao Grottoes ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
North Wall ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Archaeological Analysis

The Mogao Grottoes site at Dunhuang is one of the largest stone cave temples in China. The site features 735 caves with Buddhist mural paintings. To investigate the chronology of early caves of the Mogao Grottoes, radiocarbon dates were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on plant remains collected from 4 caves: 268, 272, 275, and 285. Caves 268, 272, and 275 are regarded (by archaeological analysis) to be the earliest existing caves in the Mogao Grottoes. The fourth cave, 285, features inscriptions on the north wall mentioning the oldest dates of the Chinese Mogao era. Plant materials, taken from the plaster layer of mural paintings and core materials from statues, were collected as samples (n = 11) for AMS 14C dating at Nagoya University. Two samples from cave 275 gave calibrated 14C ages of cal AD 380–430 (1 σ). The other samples resulted in a time interval of cal AD 400–550. The calibrated 14C ages obtained for the samples taken from painted murals and the statues in cave 285 are consistent with the date given by the inscription remaining on the cave's north wall.

scholarly journals 40. Investigation of minor meteor streams

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 408-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Terenteva
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Electronic Computer ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Meteor Streams ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Meteor Body

The paper consists of three sections: (1)In continuation of a previous paper by the author, on 154 minor meteor streams, elements of orbits and other data are presented for an additional 95 minor streams (most of them less active). These streams have been found both by the studies of the photographic orbits of meteor bodies known before, and from the visual radiants of faint showers.(2)The problems of a possible family of six minor meteor streams associated with the Lexell comet 1770-I, and the connection between nine other minor streams and long-period comets, are examined. The assumption is made that nearly-parabolic comets may be accompanied by meteor streams of considerable width.(3)Radiants and elements of the orbits for 30 meteor bodies of the Cyclids are described, as were established by photographic data. Perturbed motion of one such meteor body is investigated by numerical integration of differential equations of motion on the electronic computer BESM-2, using Cowell's method of quadratures and taking account of perturbations from six planets (Venus–Uranus) and of high-order terms through to the 4th order. Over the time interval studied of 45 years the orbit of the Cyclids has been stable. Perturbing action of the Earth does not lead to any substantial changes in the elements of the orbits. Even at close approaches of the order of 0–003 AU the changes in the angular elements are not greater than about 1°.

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