Geophysical surveys of a potentially extensive cave system, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, USA

Recent geophysical remote sensing, including ground-penetrating radar and magnetometry, has been used to investigate three areas within Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, predicted to contain prehispanic agricultural fields. These localities include a well-known but enigmatic area of large grid patterns near the Chetro Ketl great house, which are visible from the air but not at ground level. The gridded area has been interpreted by many researchers as an agricultural field system, and this perspective has in turn been utilized to model agricultural land use throughout the canyon, particularly intensification associated with emergent social complexity. The geophysical surveys revealed evidence of buried features at all three study areas, but the patterns expressed by these features do not clearly conform to the pattern predicted in the gridded agricultural field model. We argue that the surficial grid pattern seen at the Chetro Ketl field is an unusual example of land modification in the canyon and thus unlikely to represent typical Chacoan agricultural field systems. Instead, canyon residents employed a diverse range of agricultural techniques suited to the variable and patchy nature of canyon hydrology and soils.

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A new stygobiotic species of Diacyclops Kiefer, 1927 (Copepoda, Cyclopidae) from caves in New Mexico, United States

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003223 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 86 (9) ◽

pp. 1155-1177

Author(s):

Eduardo Suárez-Morales ◽

Nancy F. Mercado-Salas ◽

Rachel Barlow

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Mexico ◽

Local Population ◽

Dorsal Surface ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Cave System ◽

Length Width ◽

Caudal Rami ◽

A New Species ◽

Group 1

A new species of the freshwater cyclopine copepod genus Diacyclops is described from a North American cave system in SE New Mexico, U.S.A. The new species, D. nikolasarburni n. sp., differs from its congeners by its having of a unique combination of characters including: 17-segmented antennules, three-segmented rami in legs 1-4, a basic 2333 spinal formula with a highly variable pattern, naked inner margin of caudal rami, but dorsal surface with spinules, subequal terminal spines of leg 4 endopod, and inner spine of fifth leg about as long as bearing segment. This species has also a variable length/width ratio of the caudal ramus (4.6-6.0, average 5.0); the lateral caudal seta is inserted on the distal one-quarter of ramus. The 2333 spinal formula was dominant (55%) in the population but other patterns were also present. The new species belongs to Group 1 species of Diacyclops (sensu Reid & Strayer, 1994). The local population of this stygobiotic species probably resulted from radiation-stranding processes of epigean forms of widely distributed Diacyclops and is probably endemic to this cave system.

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Geophysical surveys for ground water at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico

Open-File Report ◽

10.3133/ofr69326 ◽

1969 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adel A.R. Zohdy ◽

D.B. Jackson ◽

R.E. Mattick ◽

D.L. Peterson

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Ground Water ◽

Geophysical Surveys ◽

White Sands

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Geophysical surveys of the Hells Hole Further Planning Area (RARE II), Greenlee County, Arizona, and Grant County, New Mexico

10.3133/mf1344b ◽

1981 ◽

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Geophysical Surveys

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Geophysical surveys at the UMTRA project Shiprock, New Mexico site

10.2172/245641 ◽

1996 ◽

Author(s):

E. Wightman ◽

B. Smith ◽

B. Newlin

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Geophysical Surveys

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Guns, Alcohol, and Intimate Partner Violence: The Epidemiology of Female Suicide in New Mexico

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.20.3.121 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 121-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lenora Olson ◽

Frank Huyler ◽

Arthur W Lynch ◽

Lynne Fullerton ◽

Deborah Werenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

New Mexico ◽

American Indians ◽

Partner Violence ◽

The United States ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Injury Death ◽

Female Suicide ◽

Blood Alcohol Levels ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Suicide is among the leading causes of death in the United States, and in women the second leading cause of injury death overall. Previous studies have suggested links between intimate partner violence and suicide in women. We examined female suicide deaths to identify and describe associated risk factors. We reviewed all reports from the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator for female suicide deaths occurring in New Mexico from 1990 to 1994. Information abstracted included demographics, mechanism of death, presence of alcohol/drugs, clinical depression, intimate partner violence, health problems, and other variables. Annual rates were calculated based on the 1990 census. The New Mexico female suicide death rate was 8.2/100,000 persons per year (n = 313), nearly twice the U. S. rate of 4.5/100,000. Non-Hispanic whites were overrepresented compared to Hispanics and American Indians. Decedents ranged in age from 14 to 93 years (median = 43 years). Firearms accounted for 45.7% of the suicide deaths, followed by ingested poisons (29.1%), hanging (10.5%), other (7.7%), and inhaled poisons (7.0%). Intimate partner violence was documented in 5.1% of female suicide deaths; in an additional 22.1% of cases, a male intimate partner fought with or separated from the decedent immediately preceding the suicide. Nearly two-thirds (65.5%) of the decedents had alcohol or drugs present in their blood at autopsy. Among decedents who had alcohol present (34.5%), blood alcohol levels were far higher among American Indians compared to Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites (p = .01). Interpersonal conflict was documented in over 25% of cases, indicating that studies of the mortality of intimate partner violence should include victims of both suicide and homicide deaths to fully characterize the mortality patterns of intimate partner violence.

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Child and Adolescent Suicide Deaths in New Mexico, 1990-1994

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.21.1.36 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

DD Werenko ◽

LM Olson ◽

L Fullerton-Gleason ◽

AW Lynch ◽

RE Zumwalt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

American Indians ◽

Adolescent Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Medical Examiner ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

And Gender ◽

Youth Activity

The suicide death rate in New Mexico is consistently higher than the national rate. Among adolescents, suicide is the third leading cause of death nationally, but in New Mexico it is the second leading cause of death. This study describes the pattern of adolescent suicide deaths in New Mexico. We conducted a retrospective review of all medical examiner autopsies for adolescent suicides (ages 20 years and younger) in New Mexico from 1990-1994. Records were reviewed for demographics and possible contributing factors such as depression, previous attempts, and alcohol and drug use. We identified 184 suicide deaths among children and adolescents ages 9-20 years for an overall rate of 12.9 per 100,000. Our rates for ages 5-9 years (0.2), 10-14 years (3.8), and 15-19 years (22.3) are over twice the U.S. rates. Suicide deaths resulted primarily from firearms (67%), hanging (16%), poisoning (6%), inhalation (4%), and other methods (7%). Method varied by ethnicity (p = .01) and gender (p = .03); males and non-Hispanic Whites were overrepresented among firearm deaths. Firearm ownership was known in 60 (48%) of the firearm deaths. Of these, 53% of the firearms belonged to a family member, 25% to the decedent, and 22% to a friend. Over one-third of decedents (41%) experienced mental disorders, primarily depressed mood and clinical depression. Previous suicide attempts were noted for 15% of the decedents. Some 50% of the decedents had alcohol or drugs present at the time of death; among American Indians/Alaska Natives, 74% had drugs or alcohol present (p = .003). Targeted interventions are needed to reduce adolescent suicide in New Mexico. We suggest raising awareness about acute and chronic contributing factors to suicide; training physicians to look for behavioral manifestations of depression; and involving physicians, teachers, and youth activity leaders in efforts to limit firearm accessibility, such as advising parents to remove firearms from their households.

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