The interactive effects of avoidance coping and dysphoric mood on problem gambling for female and male gamblers

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Thomas ◽  
Susan Moore
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Avoidance Coping ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Dysphoric Mood

A study involving 83 female and 72 male gamblers tested the direct and interactional effects of avoidance coping and five dysphoric moods on problem gambling via regression analysis. Important differences were found between female and male gamblers. For female gamblers, loneliness, boredom, anxiety, depression and avoidance coping were all positively related to problem gambling. Additionally, interactions between these mood states and avoidance coping significantly predicted problem gambling; female gamblers with high dysphoria and high avoidance coping showed substantially more symptoms of problem gambling than those scoring high on only one variable. In contrast, loneliness and stress were the only significant predictors of problem gambling for males - neither avoidance coping nor any of the interactional relationships between mood and coping predicted problem gambling. These results support previous qualitative studies and suggest that female problem gamblers gamble as an escape from dysphoric moods. Even though male problem gamblers expressed more negative affect than male non-problem gamblers, there was no evidence to suggest that negative mood was a precursor rather than an outcome of gambling behaviour.

Mood Changes in Bulimia Nervosa

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Johnson-Sabine ◽  
Kathryn H. Wood ◽  
Anthony Wakeling
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Dysphoric Mood

SummaryDaily measurement of mood, and the occurrence of specific eating behaviours, were assessed concurrently over an eight-week period in a sample of 50 patients meeting diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa. Results of observer-rated scales of mood showed a significant reduction of scores, whereas self-assessment of mood showed no change over the study period. Negative mood states, although not severe, were more marked when the specific behavioural symptoms of binge-eating, vomiting, or purging occurred, and they increased as abnormal eating behaviours accumulated. It is suggested that the accompanying dysphoric mood states of bulimia nervosa are likely to be a secondary manifestation related to the presence of abnormal eating symptoms, and that they do no constitute a primary depressive illness.

The Influence of Demographic, Behavioural and Treatment Characteristics on Problem Gambling Counselling Outcomes

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth R. Crisp ◽  
Shane A. Thomas ◽  
Alun C. Jackson ◽  
Neil Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Client Characteristics ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Problem Resolution ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
Problematic Gambling

The paper considers the influence of client characteristics and gambling behaviour as well as treatment modality on the resolution of gambling behaviour for 591 clients who sought help from the publicly-funded BreakEven counselling services in the state of Victoria between 1 July 1996 and 30 June 1997. Statistical data about clients and their consultations was collected in the form of a Minimum Data Set. On their own, client demographics accounting for 12% of the variance were identified as discriminating between problem gamblers who achieved some resolution of their gambling behaviour and those whose behaviour did not change. Variables associated with gambling behaviour accounted for 10% of variance and treatment variables for 12% of variance in treatment outcomes. Collectively, the three types of data could explain 26% of the variance in problem resolution. Importantly, these findings demonstrate that the resolution of problematic gambling behaviour is affected by a complex interplay of client characteristics, their gambling behaviour and the treatment they receive. It is argued that the evaluation of treatment programs for problem gambling, and potentially all counselling programs in the primary health arena, needs to include measures from each of these domains.

scholarly journals Estimating the prevalence of adult problem gambling in Italy with SOGS and PGSI

2013 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Michele Vecchione ◽  
Roberta Fida ◽  
Sara Podio-Guidugli
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Highly Correlated

Two assessment measures, the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), were administered to 1,979 participants (53% males, mean age 44.81 years). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed the presence of one single dimension underlying the SOGS and PGSI items. The 2 scales showed high levels of reliability. SOGS and PGSI results were highly correlated and showed positive and significant correlations with measures of gambling behaviour. Probable pathological gamblers identified by SOGS represented 2.05% (95% confidence interval 'CI' '1.17, 2.93') of the adult Italian population, and problem gamblers identified by PGSI represented 2.17% (95% CI '1.26, 3.07') of the population. A more conservative estimate of the prevalence of problem gambling in Italy, corresponding to 1.01% (95% CI '0.39, 1.63') of the adult population, was identified by considering only those participants for whom SOGS and PGSI were in perfect agreement concerning risk categories.

scholarly journals Study protocol for an online randomised controlled trial among non-treatment seeking problem gamblers: training inhibition in online problem gambling (TRAIN-online) trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e051641
Author(s):  
Antoine Santiago ◽  
Arnaud Carré ◽  
Ruben Miranda ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Yann LeStrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionDevelopment of fully internet-based programs could provide a new avenue to improve access to healthcare for problem gamblers. In this project, we aim to assess the efficacy of a web-based cognitive intervention targeting inhibitory control among problem gamblers, using a randomised controlled design. As impaired inhibitory control is involved in self-regulation difficulties in behavioural addictions, it represents a particularly relevant cognitive process to target for an online psychological intervention.Methods and analysisThis will be a single-blinded, randomised, comparative therapeutic web-based, controlled trial. Up to 200 non-treatment seeking adult problem gamblers with a Problem Gambling Severity Index-recent (PGSI-recent) score ≥5 will be included. The intervention will be a computerised cognitive training program targeting inhibitory skills. The comparator, an active control, will be a computerised neutral sensorial program. Both programs will be carried out under similar conditions: biweekly online training for 6 weeks and optional telephone support will be offered to patients for debriefing. The main objective of the study is to assess the clinical efficacy of the online cognitive training program at 6 weeks, measured with the PGSI-recent. The secondary objectives are to assess the efficacy on the gambling behaviour assessed by the account-based gambling data, on the self-reported gambling practice, and on the inhibition performance at the neuropsychological level at 6, 14 and 52 weeks. We will also assess the acceptability of this program and the preferred level of guidance. Data analysis will be in intention-to-treat.Ethics and disseminationThis randomized controlled trial will be executed in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration, and was approved by the local ethics boards (Comité de Protection des Personnes) in October 2017. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03673800.

scholarly journals Development of ADAF screening tool for emotional and coping problems in cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pérez-Segura ◽  
Santos Enrech Francés ◽  
Ignacio Juez Martel ◽  
Maria Angeles Pérez Escutia ◽  
Elena Hernández Agudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
P Value ◽  
Avoidance Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ABSTRACTPurposePsychological screening in patient with cancer is recommended by clinical guidelines, however most of scales have large number of items, difficulty detection and refer from routine consultations. The specific objective of the study was to develop and validate the ADAF screening for anxiety, depression and coping.Methods/PatientsCross-sectional, multicenter study performed in the medical and radiotherapy oncology services of 5 hospitals in Madrid, coordinated by the Medical Oncology Service of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (CEIC nº19 / 265-E). To determine the psychometric properties, the ADAF screening questionnaire ADAF was administered, including 5 items (one related to anxiety symptoms, two related to depressive symptoms, one for helplessness coping and one for avoidance coping), and as a gold-standard the HADS and the MiniMAC. Intraclass correlation coefficients and receiver operating characteristic curves were performed. The p value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 186 patients completed the evaluation. The correlation coefficients were significant for all dimensions (Anxiety, Depression, Helplessness coping, and Avoidance Coping), with p <0.001. The statistical analysis of ROC curves suggests that the cut-off point for screening is equivalent to a score > 2 points (3 in the case of depression, having two items), with a sensitivity and specificity between 62 and 90%, depending on the item, and an area under the curve above 0.8 for the first 4 items.ConclusionsADAF screening has adequate reliability, good sensitivity and specificity. This instrument is useful and easy to use to identify emotional and coping problems in cancer patients.

Coping Strategies and Problem Gambling

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Farrelly ◽  
Christine Ffrench ◽  
Rowan P. Ogeil ◽  
James G. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Dissociative Tendencies

AbstractIn DSM-IV, problem gambling is associated with symptoms such as escape, denial, and chasing. However, these symptoms could actually be underlying coping strategies that contribute to the problems associated with gambling behaviour. To address relationships between coping strategies and gambling problems, 65 participants (37 males and 28 females) with a mean age of 37 completed the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and questionnaires addressing coping strategies, mood states, and dissociative experiences. Specific subscales addressing coping strategies relevant to DSM-IV symptoms were examined, namely Distancing, Escape-Avoidance and Confrontative Coping. Although fantasy and denial feature in the behaviours of problem gamblers, dissociative tendencies were only indirectly linked to problem gambling status. Instead, problem gambling status was related to depression and greater tendencies towards Confrontative Coping and Distancing. The present data demonstrates several distinct factors associated with gambling problems and suggests confrontation could have a role in problem gambling.

A Proof of Concept for Using Brief Dialectical Behavior Therapy as a Treatment for Problem Gambling

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren R. Christensen ◽  
Nicki A. Dowling ◽  
Alun C. Jackson ◽  
Meredith Brown ◽  
James Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Gambling Expenditure ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Negative Relationships

Fourteen ‘treatment resistant’ problem gamblers received 9 weeks of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) at specialist problem gambling services delivered in Melbourne, Australia. This study is the first to investigate the effectiveness of a brief DBT treatment for problem gambling, with a focus on measuring change in the four DBT process skills (mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation, and negative relationships). Although there were no statistically significant improvements in measures of gambling behaviour, 83% of participants were abstinent or reduced their gambling expenditure pre- to post-treatment. Participants also reported statistically and clinically significant improvements in psychological distress, mindfulness, and distress tolerance. Moreover, there were no increases in alcohol or substance use. These results are discussed in the context of focusing on a single DBT process skill, and the benefits of using group-based approaches.

Only problem gamblers spend less money when loot boxes are removed from a game: A before and after study of Heroes of the Storm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zendle
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Real World ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
Reliable Correlation ◽  
Before And After Study

Loot boxes are items in video games that may be paid for with real-world money, but which contain randomised contents. There is a reliable correlation between loot box spending and problem gambling severity: The more money gamers spend on loot boxes, the more severe their problem gambling tends to be. However, it is unclear whether this link represents a case in which loot box spending causes problem gambling; a case in which the gambling-like nature of loot boxes cause problem gamblers to spend more money; or whether it simply represents a case in which there is a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, nonspecific to loot boxes.The multiplayer video game Heroes of the Storm recently removed loot boxes. In order to better understand links between loot boxes and problem gambling, we conducted an analysis of players of Heroes of the Storm (n=112) both before and after the removal of loot boxes.There were a complex pattern of results. In general, when loot boxes were removed from Heroes of the Storm, problem gamblers appeared to spend significantly less money in-game in contrast to other groups. These results suggest that the presence of loot boxes in a game may lead to problem gamblers spending more money in-game. It therefore seems possible that links between loot box spending and problem gambling are not due to a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, but rather are to do with specific features of loot boxes themselves.

scholarly journals Gambling and Problem Gambling in Canada in 2018: Prevalence and Changes Since 2002: Le Jeu et le Jeu Problématique au Canada en 2018 : Prévalence et Changements Depuis 2002

2020 ◽  
pp. 070674372098008
Author(s):  
Robert J. Williams ◽  
Carrie A. Leonard ◽  
Yale D. Belanger ◽  
Darren R. Christensen ◽  
Nady el-Guebaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Type Of Gambling ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machine

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an updated profile of gambling and problem gambling in Canada and to examine how the rates and pattern of participation compare to 2002. Method: An assessment of gambling and problem gambling was included in the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey and administered to 24,982 individuals aged 15 and older. The present analyses selected for adults (18+). Results: A total of 66.2% of people reported engaging in some type of gambling in 2018, primarily lottery and/or raffle tickets, the only type in which the majority of Canadians participate. There are some significant interprovincial differences, with perhaps the most important one being the higher rate of electronic gambling machine (EGM) participation in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The overall pattern of gambling in 2018 is very similar to 2002, although participation is generally much lower in 2018, particularly for EGMs and bingo. Only 0.6% of the population were identified as problem gamblers in 2018, with an additional 2.7% being at-risk gamblers. There is no significant interprovincial variation in problem gambling rates. The interprovincial pattern of problem gambling in 2018 is also very similar to what was found in 2002 with the main difference being a 45% decrease in the overall prevalence of problem gambling. Conclusions: Gambling and problem gambling have both decreased in Canada from 2002 to 2018 although the provincial patterns are quite similar between the 2 time periods. Several mechanisms have likely collectively contributed to these declines. Decreases have also been reported in several other Western countries in recent years and have occurred despite the expansion of legal gambling opportunities, suggesting a degree of inoculation or adaptation in the population.

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