Comment on "Using Economic Instruments for Water Demand Management: Introduction" by Bernard Cantin, Dan Shrubsole and Meriem Aït-Ouyahia, Canadian Water Resources Journal, 30(1): 1-10

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
David B Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Water Demand Management

Water-demand management: assessing impacts of climate and other changes on water usage in Central Arizona

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Netra B. Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Central Arizona

Planning for sustainable water management in the arid region of the southwestern USA is challenging mostly due to only partial understanding of factors converging around water supply and demand. Some of the factors that prompt concern about the adequacy of water resources are: (a) a growing urban population seeking a range of services, including the need to preserve and enhance aquatic ecosystems; (b) dwindling water storage due to multi-year drought conditions; and (c) the prospect of human-induced climate changes and its consequences in the hydrologic system of the region. This study analyzes the potential for water saving in the Phoenix Active Management Area (AMA) of Central Arizona, which includes the city of Phoenix, one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the country. Based on an extensive literature review and secondary data analysis, this paper investigates multiple factors that place increasing strain on current water resources, and attempts to extend this analysis to 2025. Outdoor water use within the residential landscape is the most important factor that strains water resources in Phoenix AMA. Any gain in efficiency through agricultural water demand management would not only improve the availability of water for other uses in the AMA, but would facilitate adaptation of the agricultural system to climate and other ongoing changes.

A Multi-Objective Decision-Making Model for Water Demand Management Based on ET Indicator

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2955-2962
Author(s):  
Fan Lu ◽  
Ming Na Wang ◽  
Dong Dong Zhang ◽  
Zhi Guo Gan ◽  
Bai Sha Weng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economy System

This paper aims at comprehensively considering the mutual coupling between available water resources and water consumption in (i) a regional social economy system; (ii) a macro-economy system; and (iii) an ecological environmental system. The main focus is to investigate the impact of controlling the total amount of ET and to be able to utilize water resources efficiently. An analytic model for multi-objective decision making of water demand management based on ET indicator is developed in order to research the strategies and corresponding water demand schemes that are relevant to future objectives for economic development, agricultural development, ET regulation and control, water engineering investment, and water environment management of Beijing. Various scenarios examined in the study indicate the validity of the proposed method in analyzing water demand administrative decisions.

scholarly journals Water Metering Pilot Project: A Case Study of Water Demand Management in the Sultanate of Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Zaher Khalid Al Suleimani ◽  
Bushra Khalfan Al Wohaibi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Water Metering

The Sultanate of Oman is experiencing increased pressure on its groundwater resources. This is mainly due to agricultural enterprises, which consume about 92 % of national water resources, as well as an upsurge in industrial, commercial and domestic water use. The ever-growing population, diversification of economic activities and the ensuing rise in national prosperity have meant an increasing demand for water. This has resulted in a marked depletion of groundwater supplies, intrusion of seawater, and deterioration of ground water quality in the case of the Al Batinah region. A scientific and effective water demand management strategy for the Sultanate is therefore needed. Accordingly, the Ministry of Regional Municipalities, Environment and Water Resources (MRMEWR) have conducted several studies related to water demand management in the agricultural, industrial and domestic sectors. One of these studies was the Water Metering Pilot Project (WMPP), initiated in 1994 with the objective of evaluating patterns of water use on a number of randomly selected farms in the southern Al-Batinah. The results obtained over a period of seven years confirm that water metering alone does not help reduce the quantity pumped. These findings have encouraged other advanced studies on water demand management in industrial, commercial, domestic and agriculture sectors in different areas of the Sultanate. 

Water demand management in Syria: centralized and decentralized views

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salman ◽  
W. Mualla
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Available Resources

The countries of the Middle East are characterized by large temporal and spatial variations in precipitation and with limited surface and groundwater resources. The rapid growth and development in the region have led to mounting pressures on scarce resources to satisfy water demands. The dwindling availability of water to meet development needs has become a significant regional issue, especially as a number of countries are facing serious water deficit. Syria is becoming progressively shorter of water as future demand is coming close to or even surpassing available resources. Syria had a population of 18 million in 2002, and its total renewable water resources (TRWR) is estimated around 16 × 109 m3 per year. In other words, the per capita TRWR is less than the water scarcity index (1,000 m3 per person per year) which will make the country experience chronic stress that will hinder its economic development and entail serious degradation. Unfortunately, if water demand at current prices continues to increase in the same way, Syria will experience an alarming deficit between the available resources and the potential needs in the near future. In Syria, until fairly recently, emphasis has been placed on the supply side of water development. Demand management and improvement of patterns of water use has received less attention. The aim was always to augment the national water budget with new water. The most popular way of achieving this aim was to control surface flows by building new dams and creating multi-purpose reservoirs (there are now around 160 dams in Syria with a total capacity of 14 × 109 m3). Irrigation schemes were also built and agricultural activities were expanded greatly to achieve self-sufficiency in essential food products and food security. However, this is no longer achievable with the limited water resources available; water demand is rapidly increasing and easily mobilizable resources have already been exploited. The objective of this paper is to think of different possible ways to manage water demand in the agricultural sector of Syria. It mainly involves two main management options: taxation as a centralized option and water markets as a decentralized one. While water demand management refers to improving both productive and allocative efficiency of water use, this paper focuses on two allocative measures (taxation and water markets) and does not thoroughly cover productive measures such as rehabilitation and upgrading of irrigation schemes or improving operation. However, the paper does not attempt to settle the question for or against each option but tries to find some elements to determine under which conditions the option can lead to expected outcomes taking into account the history of management and the local conditions in Syria: political, social and economical. The paper also looks at other alternatives such as cooperative action and lifting subsidies and argues their possible association to the main management options that may help in reducing the difficulties of implementation.

scholarly journals Water demand management – shifting urban water management towards sustainability

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kayaga ◽  
I. Smout ◽  
H. Al-Maskati
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
High Rate ◽  
World Population ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Water Demand Management

Whereas the world population is increasing at a high rate, especially in urban areas, water resources have not only remained constant, but are being polluted at a high rate, which inevitably results in fresh water scarcity. Current urban water management concepts and practices cannot adequately respond to these changes. There is need for water professionals to change the way they manage water resources in urban areas if we are to ensure economic and environmental sustainability. In addition to consideration of supply-side options, we need to apply water demand management (WDM) tools both on the utility and end-user sides. This paper describes the basic concepts of WDM, provides a case study of their application in Bahrain, and briefly introduces the five-year EU-funded SWTCH Project that aims at creating a paradigm shift in urban water management practices.

scholarly journals Urban Water Resources Quota Management: The Core Strategy for Water Demand Management in China

AMBIO ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
YanLing Jiang ◽  
YuanSheng Chen ◽  
Tamim Younos ◽  
HeQing Huang ◽  
JianPing He
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
The Core ◽  
Quota Management
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