scholarly journals Three year resistance profile of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from intensive care ünits

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Mediha Uğur ◽  
Serpil Genç
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Resistance Profile

scholarly journals A 5- Year Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections in a University Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Erdem ◽  
Ilker Yildirim ◽  
Birol Safak ◽  
Ritvan Karaali ◽  
Berna Erdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Study Results

Abstract OBJECTIVE: ‘Nosocomial infections’ or ‘healthcare associated infections’ are a significant public health problem around the world. This study aimed to assess the rate of culture confirmed nosocomial infections (NIs), frequency of nosocomial pathogens and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in a University Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of NIs in a tertiary hospital, between the years 2015 and 2019 in Tekirdag, Turkey. RESULTS : During the five years, the overall incidence rates (NI/100) and incidence densities (NI/1000 days of stay) of NIs were 2.04% (range 1.76-2.41/100) and 3.50/1000 patients-days (range 2.85-4.64/1000), respectively. 57.4 % of the infections were originated from the Intensive Care Units. The most common NIs according to the primary sites were bloodstream infections (55.3 %) and, pneumonia (20.4%). 67.5% of the isolated microorganisms as nosocomial agents were Gram negative bacteria, 24.9% of Gram positive bacteria and 7.6 % of candida. The most frequently isolated causative agents were Esherichia coli (16.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.7%). The rate of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among E. coli isolates was 51.1%. Carbapenem resistance was 29.8% among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 95.1% among isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, 18.2% among isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Colistin resistance was 2.4% among isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Vancomycin resistance was 5.3% among isolates of Enterococci.CONCLUSION: Our study results demonstrates the microorganisms of isolated from Intensive Care Units demonstrates high level resistance to many antimicrobial agents. The rising in incidence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms indicate that more interventions are urgently needed to reduce NIs in our ICUs.

scholarly journals INCIDÊNCIA DE INFECÇÃO RELACIONADA À ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DE UM HOSPITAL DE MÉDIO PORTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Fabrício Rota FRANÇA ◽  
Thaíse Lucimara HAUCH ◽  
Carmem Costa MARTINS ◽  
Elena Carla Batista MENDES ◽  
Dora Inés KOZUSNY-ANDREANI
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva estão relacionadas ao estado clínico dos pacientes, procedimentos invasivos, tempo de internação prolongado e colonização por microrganismos resistentes. O estudo objetiva identificar a incidência de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, distribuição por microrganismo e respectivas sensibilidades antimicrobianas. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, documental de abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizado levantamento dos índices de infecção hospitalar em pacientes da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de médio porte, registrados em fichas de notificação do Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (SCIH), no período de abril a dezembro de 2016. Foram analisadas 120 culturas de pacientes internados no período de março a dezembro de 2016, sendo 61 (50,83%) do sexo masculino e 59 (49,17%) do sexo feminino. Foram identificados vários microrganismos em diferentes culturas, a serem: E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coag Neg, Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A maioria dos microrganismos é sensível a amicacina, ampicillin/sulba, ceftazidima, ceftriaxona, imipenem, piperacillin e sulfazotrim. A incidência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica foi de 22,11% e de infecção urinária associada a cateter vesical de demora correspondeu a 6,34%. Os microrganismos identificados são comuns na maioria das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e a incidência de infecção mostrou-se baixa em relação aos índices estipulados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados podem contribuir com a instituição hospitalar pesquisada para intensificar a educação continuada sobre higienização das mãos e a prevenção de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde.   INFECTION INCIDENCE RELATED TO HEALTH ASSISTANCE AT AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN A MEDIUM-SIZE HOSPITAL ABSTRACT Infections Related to Health Assistance (IRHA) at Intensive Care Units are related to the clinical status of the patients, invasive procedures, long period of hospitalization and resistant microorganism colonization. This study aims to identify the incidence of infections related to health assistance at an Intensive Care Unit, distribution by microorganism and respective antimicrobial sensitiveness.  It is a retrospective document of quantitative approach. It was conducted a survey of hospital infection rates from patients at Intensive Care Unit in a medium-size hospital, they were recorded in notification forms of Hospital Infection Control Service (HICS), from April to December 2016. From March to December 2016, 120 cultures of hospitalized patients were analyzed, they were 61 (50,83%) male gender and 59 (49,17%) female gender. Several microorganisms were identified in different cultures, being them: E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coag Neg, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the microorganisms is amikacin sensitive, ampicillin/sulba, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin and sulfazotrim. The pneumonia incidence associated to mechanical ventilation was 22,11% and urinary infection associated to permanent vesical catheter was 6,34%. The microorganisms identified are common in most of Intensive Care Units and the incidence of infections was low regarding to the rates specified by Health Ministry. The results may contribute with the present hospital institution in order to intensify continuing education about hands sanitizing and infection prevention related to health assistance.  keywords: Hospital infection. Intensive Care Unit. Microorganisms.

PREVALENCE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (CRAB) IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (ICUS) OF JPMC, KARACHI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the research priorities of health organizations due to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Outbreaks of nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) strains are at rise worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance to carbapenems reduces clinical therapeutic choices and frequently led to treatment failure. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, from December 2016 to November 2017. Total 63 non-repetitive A. baumannii were collected from the patients’ specimens, admitted to medical and surgical ICUs and wards of JPMC, Karachi. The bacterial isolates were processed according to standard microbiological procedures to observe for carbapenem resistance. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of the 63 patients, 40 (63.5%) were male. The age of the patient ranged from 15-85 year, with average of 43 year. 34.9% patients had been hospitalized for 3 days. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was present in highest number with average of 58.7% for morbidity. Number of patients on mechanical ventilation was highest (65.1%). All isolates were susceptible to colistin. The resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, piperacillin- tazobactam and meropenem was 82.5%, 81%, 100%, 87.3%, 82.5% and 82% respectively. Out of 82% CRAB, 77% were obtained from ICUs. Conclusion: This study has revealed the high rate of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates in ICUs thus leaving behind limited therapeutic options.

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