ECTAM™, A Continuous Combustion Engine for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Robert Palmer ◽  
J. Dale Allen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Hybrid Electric

scholarly journals Fuel Economy of Plug-In Hybrid Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Effects of Vehicle Weight, Hybridization Ratio and Ambient Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hybridization Ratio

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are evolving rapidly since the introduction of Toyota Prius into the market in 1997. As the world needs more fuel-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change, the role of HEVs and PHEVs are becoming ever more important. While fuel economies of HEVs and PHEVs are superior to those of internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles, they are partially powered by batteries and therefore they resemble characteristics of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) such as dependence of fuel economy on ambient temperatures. It is also important to understand how different extent of hybridization (a.k.a., hybridization ratio) affects fuel economy under various driving conditions. In addition, it is of interest to understand how HEVs and PHEVs compare with BEVs at a similar vehicle weight. This study investigated the relationship between vehicle mass and vehicle performance parameters, mainly fuel economy and driving range of PHEVs focused on 2018 and 2019 model years using the test data available from fuel economy website of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Previous studies relied on modeling to understand mass impact on fuel economy for HEV as there were not enough number of HEVs in the market to draw a trendline at the time. The study also investigated the effect of ambient temperature for HEVs and PHEVs and kinetic energy recovery of the regenerative braking using the vehicle testing data for model year 2013 and 2015 from Idaho National Lab (INL). The current study assesses current state-of-art for PHEVs. It also provides analysis of experimental results for validation of vehicle dynamic and other models for PHEVs and HEVs.

Developments in Light Vehicle Life Cycle Analysis With Application to Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Curtiss ◽  
Jan F. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Total Life

An LCA tool first reported on at the ASME ES conference in 2007 has been expanded and improved as follows: • More than 400 production vehicles from all over the world are now in the data base. • Conventional and renewable liquid and gas fuels are included. • Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are included along with hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. • The tool is now web-based. The LCA tool includes both fuel and vehicle life cycle coefficients in its data base. To illustrate the LCA ranking of vehicles using electricity (EVs, PHEVs, and HEVs) vs. conventional vehicles this paper will report on greenhouse gas emissions, total life cycle energy use along with NOx, SOx and mercury emissions. It will be shown, for example, that EVs are not the cleanest solution contrary to claims of various commentators in the popular press and of EV enthusiasts who do not take the entire life cycle into account.

scholarly journals Sustainable and Resilient Smart House Using the Internal Combustion Engine of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6046
Author(s):  
Ahad Abessi ◽  
Elham Shirazi ◽  
Shahram Jadid ◽  
Miadreza Shafie-khah
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Smart House ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Nowadays, due to the increasing number of disasters, improving distribution system resiliency is a new challenging issue for researchers. One of the main methods for improving the resiliency in distribution systems is to supply critical loads after disasters during the power outage and before system restorations. In this paper, a “Sustainable and resilient smart house” is introduced for the first time by using plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). PHEVs have the ability to use their fuel for generating electricity in emergency situations as the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) scheme. This ability, besides smart house control management, provides an opportunity for distribution system operators to use their extra energy for supplying a critical load in the system. The proposed control strategy in this paper is dedicated to a short duration power outage, which includes a large percent of the events. Then, improvement of the resiliency of distribution systems is investigated through supplying smart residential customers and injecting extra power to the main grid. A novel formulation is proposed for increasing the injected power of the smart house to the main grid using PHEVs. The effectiveness of the proposed method in increasing power injection during power outages is shown in simulation results.

Analysis on Application of HCCI Technology for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Vol 128-129 ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Hong Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Hybrid Electric

The article introduces HCCI technical characteristics, existing technical problems and characteristics of the hybrid electric vehicles, analyzes application feasibility and advantages of HCCI technology for hybrid electric vehicles and proposes that HCCI technology is an effective solution for the hybrid electric vehicles in increasing economy of internal-combustion engine oil and reducing emissions and further can realize batch production of products.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Real-World Vehicle Energy Efficiency with Dynamometer-Based Ratings and Simulation Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Karim Hamza ◽  
Kang-Ching Chu ◽  
Matthew Favetti ◽  
Peter Keene Benoliel ◽  
Vaishnavi Karanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Software tools for fuel economy simulations play an important role during design stages of advanced powertrains. However, calibration of vehicle models versus real-world driving data faces challenges owing to inherent variations in vehicle energy efficiency across different driving conditions and different vehicle owners. This work utilizes datasets of vehicles equipped with OBD/GPS loggers to validate and calibrate FASTSim (software originally developed by NREL) vehicle models. The results show that window-sticker ratings (derived from dynamometer tests) can be reasonably accurate when averaged across many trips by different vehicle owners, but successfully calibrated FASTSim models can have better fidelity. The results in this paper are shown for nine vehicle models, including the following: three battery-electric vehicles (BEVs), four plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), one hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and one conventional internal combustion engine (CICE) vehicle. The calibrated vehicle models are able to successfully predict the average trip energy intensity within ±3% for an aggregate of trips across multiple vehicle owners, as opposed to within ±10% via window-sticker ratings or baseline FASTSim.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN FRAME DAN RANGKAIAN ELECTRIC BERBASIS HYBRID-ELECTRIC VEHICLES (HEVs) MENUJU UNDIKSHA GO GREEN

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadek Rihendra dantes
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Hybrid merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menciptakan transportasi yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan. Berdasarkan pra-survey yang dilakukan, keadaan lingkungan Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha sangat tidak kondusif artinya, lalu lintas di dalam kampus yang bising dan tidak kondusif menyebabkan kenyamanan dalam melakukan proses belajar mengajar bias dibilang tidak maksimal. Melalui proposal ini direncanakan sebuah transportasi lokal di lingkungan Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha untuk menciptakan lingkungan kampus lebih nyaman dan kondusip. Lebih lanjut, topik dalam penelitian ini: Perencanaan Transportasi Lokal Berbasis Hybrid-Electric Vehicles (HEVs) Ramah Lingkungan. (Studi Kasus di Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja). Perancangan transportasi lokal ini dilakukan melalui 4 fase, yaitu: (1) Survey dan Analisis Kondisi Umum, (2) Studi Pustaka (Kajian Teori dan Emperik), (3) Analisis Proses, serta (4) Perancangan frame Hybrid-Electric Vehicles, Electric System, Internal Combustion Engine.

Design of coordinated control strategy during driving mode switching for parallel hybrid electric vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2507-2520
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Fu ◽  
Shuzhong Song ◽  
Zhumu Fu ◽  
Jianwei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) require the power to drive the vehicle via a combination of internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric machine (EM). To improve the drivability, the smooth torque change during the driving mode switching is essential. This task can be achieved by using the coordinated control strategy. This paper presents a coordinated control strategy based on considering the different dynamic response characteristics of the ICE and the EM, which can effectively suppress the torque surge during the driving mode switching processes. The novelty lies in the proposed control is a motor active synchronization control strategy without clutch disengagement based on the mode switching classification. The coordinated control strategy is designed according to the classification of the driving modes. The objective is to minimize torque fluctuation and maintain or improve the driving performance of the vehicle. Results from the computer simulation demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in reducing the torque surge without sacrificing vehicle performance.

Power Flow Control in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Becerra ◽  
Jose´ Luis Mendoza-Soto ◽  
Luis Alvarez-Icaza
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Power Flow Control ◽  
Hybrid Electric

In this paper a new strategy for controlling the power flow in hybrid electric vehicles is described. The strategy focuses in the planetary gear system where kinematic and dynamic constraints must be satisfied. The aim is to satisfy driver demands and to reduce fuel consumption. The resultant power flow control is continuous and uses the internal combustion engine with the maximum possible efficiency. The strategy is not optimal, although it is inspired by the solution to most optimization problems. The main advantages are that the computational cost is low, when compared to optimization based approaches, and that it is easy to tune. The strategy is tested with simulations using a mathematical model of a power train of a hybrid diesel-electric bus subjected to the power demands of representative urban area driving cycles. Simulation results indicate that the strategy achieves small speed tracking errors and attains good fuel consumption reduction levels.

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