Occupant Position Sensing Systems: Functional Requirements and Technical Means

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Gillis ◽  
Tony Gioutsos
Keyword(s):  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
Sensing Systems

scholarly journals Current Progress of Magnetoresistance Sensors

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Songlin Yang ◽  
Jin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Hard Disk Drives ◽  
Magnetic Storage ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
Biomedical Sensing ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Current Trends

Magnetoresistance (MR) is the variation of a material’s resistivity under the presence of external magnetic fields. Reading heads in hard disk drives (HDDs) are the most common applications of MR sensors. Since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in the 1980s and the application of GMR reading heads in the 1990s, the MR sensors lead to the rapid developments of the HDDs’ storage capacity. Nowadays, MR sensors are employed in magnetic storage, position sensing, current sensing, non-destructive monitoring, and biomedical sensing systems. MR sensors are used to transfer the variation of the target magnetic fields to other signals such as resistance change. This review illustrates the progress of developing nanoconstructed MR materials/structures. Meanwhile, it offers an overview of current trends regarding the applications of MR sensors. In addition, the challenges in designing/developing MR sensors with enhanced performance and cost-efficiency are discussed in this review.

Optimizing Radio Coverage Based on Cellular Automata

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Tuyen Phong Truong
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Radio Coverage ◽  
Massively Parallel Processing

Autonomous surveillance systems based on wireless sensor networks have brought many benefits for understanding, protecting, and preserving biodiversity thanks to the latest sensor and telecommunication technologies. For example, in archipelagoes with many rocks of various shapes and elevations interleaved with water, it is hard to deploy wireless sensing systems for covering all these given areas. In these sensing systems, coverages are defined as where information is accessible. In this article, a new approach is proposed, adopting cellular automata and massively parallel processing on GPUs. This work relates to the development of parallel algorithms and CAD tools to optimize coverage oriented to efficient deployment of wide-range wireless networks for various purposes such as environmental surveillance, early warning systems for natural hazards and risks, taking into account turbulence in topology. Some experiments on radio coverage were done in different complex terrain areas given positive results in terms of performance and functional requirements.

3D Position Sensing Using the Differences in the Time-of-Flights From a Wave Source to Various Receivers — A Conceptual Model

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Mahajan ◽  
Maurice Walworth
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Wave Source ◽  
Delay Term ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Wave Bursts

Abstract This paper presents a novel formulation for the conceptual model for the estimation of the coordinates of a wave source based on the differences in the time-of-flights (TOFs) to various receivers fixed in 3D space. 3D position sensing using wave sources is typically done by triangulating the position of the wave source using the actual TOFs to the various receivers. There are two problems with such a formulation. The first one deals with synchronizing the wave bursts from the transmitter so as to measure the TOFs to the receivers. Further, this measured TOF incorporates delays that have to be subtracted from the measured TOFs to obtain the actual TOFs. Identification of this time delay term is the second problem. The formulation presented in this paper takes the differences in the TOFs to the various receivers, which circumvents both the problems. Typical applications that will benefit from this technology are 3D position sensing systems that may be used in robotics, navigation of autonomously guided vehicles, tracking of objects for virtual reality cells, and vibration analysis.

Design and Construction of the Dynamically Positioned Glomar Challenger

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 159-179
Author(s):  
J. R. Graham ◽  
K. M. Jones ◽  
G. D. Knorr ◽  
T. F. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Fixed Position ◽  
Dynamic Positioning System ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
The North ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Lost Time ◽  
North And South

This paper is a description of the dynamically positioned drilling ship, Glomar Challenger, referring to novel and unusual practices which should be of interest to marine and petroleum industries. Even today a seagoing ship with a 1 42-ft derrick is an oddity, although such derricks have been used in this capacity for over ten years. Probably the most noteworthy technological advance of this ship is found in the dynamic positioning system. To be able to hold a fixed position steadily—and within 1 00 ft of that position—and to be able to maintain position and orient the ship throughout the compass azimuths makes exciting work and oceanic exploration quite practical. The ship itself is a proven combination of marine and petroleum technologies aided by a power plant originally developed for the locomotive and petroleum industries. The aerospace industry has contributed satellite navigation and acoustic position-sensing systems. In total, the Glomar Challenger represents a practical and workable combination of industries, proven in service by the drilling to date of more than 20 core holes in the deepest parts of the North and South Atlantic Oceans. In four months of operation there has been no lost time due to weather or malfunctioning of the positioning system while drilling.

Current Status of Solid-State X-Ray Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Martin Peckerar ◽  
Anastasios Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Mobile Charge ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Solid state x-ray sensing systems have been used for many years in conjunction with scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Such systems conveniently provide users with elemental area maps and quantitative chemical analyses of samples. Improvements on these tools are currently sought in the following areas: sensitivity at longer and shorter x-ray wavelengths and minimization of noise-broadening of spectral lines. In this paper, we review basic limitations and recent advances in each of these areas. Throughout the review, we emphasize the systems nature of the problem. That is. limitations exist not only in the sensor elements but also in the preamplifier/amplifier chain and in the interfaces between these components.Solid state x-ray sensors usually function by way of incident photons creating electron-hole pairs in semiconductor material. This radiation-produced mobile charge is swept into external circuitry by electric fields in the semiconductor bulk.

An Integrated Approach for a Knowledge-based Clinical Workstation: Architecture and Experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ringleb ◽  
T. Steiner ◽  
P. Knaup ◽  
W. Hacke ◽  
R. Haux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Hospital Information Systems ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Clinical Workstation

Abstract:Today, the demand for medical decision support to improve the quality of patient care and to reduce costs in health services is generally recognized. Nevertheless, decision support is not yet established in daily routine within hospital information systems which often show a heterogeneous architecture but offer possibilities of interoperability. Currently, the integration of decision support functions into clinical workstations is the most promising way. Therefore, we first discuss aspects of integrating decision support into clinical workstations including clinical needs, integration of database and knowledge base, knowledge sharing and reuse and the role of standardized terminology. In addition, we draw up functional requirements to support the physician dealing with patient care, medical research and administrative tasks. As a consequence, we propose a general architecture of an integrated knowledge-based clinical workstation. Based on an example application we discuss our experiences concerning clinical applicability and relevance. We show that, although our approach promotes the integration of decision support into hospital information systems, the success of decision support depends above all on an adequate transformation of clinical needs.

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