Operation of Radial Lip Seals on Roller-Burnished and Other Shaft Surface Finishes

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Lyle Murden ◽  
Stanley N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finishes ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
Shaft Surface

The Effect of Surface Roughness and Shaft Speed on the Frictional Characteristics of Radial Lip Seals

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer O¨zperk ◽  
Vedat Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Test System ◽  
Friction Torque ◽  
Cylinder Block ◽  
System A ◽  
Load Cells ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Shaft Surface ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of shaft surface roughness, speed, seal inner diameter, and lip geometry on the rotary lip seal’s performance. For this reason, a test system was developed. In this test system, a cylinder block is placed on four load cells to monitor the friction torque generated between seal and counter face. Radial lip geometry was taken as the prior criteria to group the seals for experiments. Two different profiles (with and without dust lip) and three different inner diameters (30-35-40 mm) were selected for the tests. Three shaft surface roughness values for each diameter were also tested. One shaft surface roughness value is between the limits that are recommended in standards, and two others are greater and less than that limits. At the end of the systematical experiments, variations of friction torque with respect to shaft surface roughness, lip profile and shaft diameter have been determined.

The effect of texture on the shaft surface on the sealing performance of radial lip seals

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Guo ◽  
XiaoHong Jia ◽  
Zhi Gao ◽  
YuMing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
Shaft Surface

scholarly journals Effect of Shaft Surface Roughness on the Performance of Radial Lip Seals

Lubricants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Kozuch ◽  
Petros Nomikos ◽  
Ramin Rahmani ◽  
Nick Morris ◽  
Homer Rahnejat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Lubrication System ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Lip Seal ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
Leakage Failure ◽  
Shaft Surface

Reduction of leakage from the shaft–radial lip seal conjunction is critical in ensuring enduring performance of entire lubrication system. This paper investigates leakage from three types of shaft surfaces, finished using different manufacturing processes. The measurement of surface topography is conducted in order to determine the pertinent roughness parameters which correspond to the observed sealing performance in real practical applications. It is found that the skewness of the surface topography correlates well with the anecdotal leakage failure rate. To quantify this association, a hydrodynamic model, accounting for shaft roughness in a deterministic manner is developed. The results from the numerical analyses confirm that the lubricant mass flow rate is reduced in the case of negatively skewed surface height distributions, when compared with the positively skewed profiles.

Shaft surface manufacturing methods for rotary shaft lip seals

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kunstfeld ◽  
Werner Haas
Keyword(s):  
Lip Seals ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
Shaft Surface

Study of the character and causes of destruction of the cardan shaft of the propeller engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
D. A. Movenko ◽  
L. V. Morozova ◽  
S. V. Shurtakov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Yield Point ◽  
Protective Coating ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Tempered Martensite ◽  
Neck Formation ◽  
Static Mechanism ◽  
Shaft Surface

The results of studying operational destruction of a high-loaded cardan shaft of the propeller engine made of steel 38KhN3MFA are presented to elucidate the cause of damage and develop a set of recommendations and measures aimed at elimination of adverse factors. Methods of scanning electron and optical microscopy, as well as X-ray spectral microanalysis are used to determine the mechanical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and fracture pattern of cardan shaft fragments. It is shown that the mechanical properties and chemical composition of the material correspond to the requirements of the regulatory documentation, defects of metallurgical origin both in the shaft metal and in the fractures are absent. The microstructure of the studied shaft fragments is tempered martensite. Fractographic analysis revealed that the destruction of cardan shaft occurred by a static mechanism. The fracture surface is coated with corrosion products. The revealed cracks developed by the mechanism of corrosion cracking due to violation of the protective coating on the shaft. The results of the study showed that the destruction of the cardan shaft of a propeller engine made of steel 38Kh3MFA occurred due to formation and development of spiral cracks by the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking under loads below the yield point of steel. The reason for «neck» formation upon destruction of the shaft fragment is attributed to the yield point of steel attained during operation. Regular preventive inspections are recommended to assess the safety of the protective coating on the shaft surface to exclude formation and development of corrosion cracks.

Case Studies of Brittle Interfacial Failures in Area Array Solder Interconnects

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Wenger ◽  
Richard J. Coyle ◽  
Patrick P. Solan ◽  
John K. Dorey ◽  
Courtney V. Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Electroless Nickel ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Printed Wiring Board ◽  
Solder Interconnects ◽  
Area Array ◽  
Surface Finishes ◽  
Soldering Reaction

Abstract A common pad finish on area array (BGA or CSP) packages and printed wiring board (PWB) substrates is Ni/Au, using either electrolytic or electroless deposition processes. Although both Ni/Au processes provide flat, solderable surface finishes, there are an increasing number of applications of the electroless nickel/immersion gold (ENi/IAu) surface finish in response to requirements for increased density and electrical performance. This increasing usage continues despite mounting evidence that Ni/Au causes or contributes to catastrophic, brittle, interfacial solder joint fractures. These brittle, interfacial fractures occur early in service or can be generated under a variety of laboratory testing conditions including thermal cycling (premature failures), isothermal aging (high temperature storage), and mechanical testing. There are major initiatives by electronics industry consortia as well as research by individual companies to eliminate these fracture phenomena. Despite these efforts, interfacial fractures associated with Ni/Au surface finishes continue to be reported and specific failure mechanisms and root cause of these failures remains under investigation. Failure analysis techniques and methodologies are crucial to advancing the understanding of these phenomena. In this study, the scope of the fracture problem is illustrated using three failure analysis case studies of brittle interfacial fractures in area array solder interconnects. Two distinct failure modes are associated with Ni/Au surface finishes. In both modes, the fracture surfaces appear to be relatively flat with little evidence of plastic deformation. Detailed metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and an understanding of the metallurgy of the soldering reaction are required to avoid misinterpreting the failure modes.

PCB Related Field Failures with ImAg Surface Finishes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kurella ◽  
Aravind Munukutla ◽  
J.S. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Electrochemical Migration ◽  
Copper Sulphide ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Surface Finishes ◽  
Immersion Silver ◽  
Manufacturing Environments

Abstract PCB surface finishes like Immersion silver (ImAg) are commonly used in Pb-free manufacturing environments following RoHS legislation. With this transition, however the numbers of field failures associated with electrochemical migration, copper sulphide corrosion, via barrel galvanic corrosion are on a steady rise. More often than not ImAg surfaces seem to assist these failing signatures. As computers penetrate into emerging markets with humid and industrialized environments there is a greater concern on the reliability and functionality of these electronic components.

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