The Importance of Injection System Characteristics on Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Direct-Injection Stratified-Charge Engine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Frank ◽  
John B. Heywood
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Stratified Charge ◽  
System Characteristics

Predicting Hydrocarbon Emissions From Direct Injection Diesel Engines

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 708-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Lakshminarayanan ◽  
N. Nayak ◽  
S. V. Dingare ◽  
A. D. Dani
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Hc Emissions

Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions from direct injection (DI) diesel engines are mainly due to fuel injected and mixed beyond the lean combustion limit during ignition delay and fuel effusing from the nozzle sac at low pressure. In the present paper, the concept has been developed to provide an elegant model to predict the HC emissions considering slow burning. Eight medium speed engines differing widely in bores, strokes, rated speeds, and power were studied for applying the model. The engines were naturally aspirated, turbocharged, or turbocharged with intercooling. The model has been validated by collecting data on HC emission, and pressures in the cylinder and in the fuel injection system from the experimental engines. New coefficients for the correlation of HC with operating parameters were obtained and these are different from the values published earlier, based on single-engine experiments.

Experimental Results From a Two-Stroke Gasoline Direct-Injected Engine Prototype

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Maria Bartolini ◽  
Flavio Caresana ◽  
Leonardo Pelagalli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Water Hammer Effect

Recently, research on internal combustion spark-ignited engines has focused increasingly on charge control by means of direct injection. The concepts proposed in this field involve in most cases high-cost systems which do not seem to be widely applicable, especially to small, low-cost engines. In this respect, the challenge is to avoid complicating the existing power systems that make of simplicity and low cost their better qualities. The paper reports on the design and realization of a two-stroke gasoline direct-injection engine prototype which employs a Water-Hammer effect injection system. The experimental data obtained with the prototype are presented showing how the system significantly reduces hydrocarbon emissions and specific fuel consumption.

scholarly journals Combustion Thermodynamics of Ethanol, n-Heptane, and n-Butanol in a Rapid Compression Machine with a Dual Direct Injection (DDI) Supply System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2729
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Pielecha ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki ◽  
Maciej Sidorowicz ◽  
Dariusz Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Rapid Compression Machine ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Rapid Compression

The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibility of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide and exhaust components into the atmosphere. An innovative double direct injection system was used as a method for forming a mixture in the combustion chamber. The tests were carried out with the use of gasoline, ethanol, n-heptane, and n-butanol during combustion in a model test engine—the rapid compression machine (RCM). The analyzed combustion process indicators included the cylinder pressure, pressure increase rate, heat release rate, and heat release value. Optical tests of the combustion process made it possible to analyze the flame development in the observed area of the combustion chamber. The conducted research and analyses resulted in the observation that it is possible to control the excess air ratio in the direct vicinity of the spark plug just before ignition. Such possibilities occur as a result of the properties of the injected fuels, which include different amounts of air required for their stoichiometric combustion. The studies of the combustion process have shown that the combustible mixtures consisting of gasoline with another fuel are characterized by greater combustion efficiency than the mixtures composed of only a single fuel type, and that the influence of the type of fuel used is significant for the combustion process and its indicator values.

The Research of Lean Combustion Characteristic of Compound Injection System of Direct Injection Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 532 ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Feng Mou ◽  
Rui Qing Chen ◽  
Yi Wei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Mixed Gas ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Lean Combustion

This paper studies the lean burn limit characteristic of the compound injection system of the direct-injection gasoline engine. The low pressure nozzle on the intake manifold can achieve quality homogeneous lean mixture, and the direct injection in the cylinder can realized the dense mixture gas near the spark plug. By adjusting the two injection timing and injection quantity, and a strong intake tumble flow with special shaped combustion chamber, it can produces the reverse tumble to form different hierarchical levels of mixed gas in the cylinder. Experimental results show: the compound combustion system to the original direct-injection engine lean burn limit raise 1.8-2.5 AFR unit.

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