Rayleigh Scattering Measurements of Transient Fuel Vapor Concentration in a Motored Spark Ignition Engine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Kadota ◽  
Fu-Quan Zhao ◽  
Katsuya Miyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Rayleigh Scattering ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Fuel Vapor ◽  
Scattering Measurements

Numerical Analysis of Fuel Vapor Concentration Fields in a Spark Ignition Engine

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Tsue ◽  
Yoshiya Yamashita ◽  
Hiroshi Yamasaki ◽  
Toshikazu Kadota
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Fuel Vapor

Post-Combustion In-Cylinder Vaporization During Cranking and Startup in a Port-Fuel–Injected Spark Ignition Engine

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim S. Cowart
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Vapor ◽  
Intake Port ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Flame Ionization

During port-fuel–injected (PFI) spark-ignition (SI) engine startup and warm-up fuel accounting continues to be a challenge. Excess fuel must be injected for a near stoichiometric combustion charge. The “extra” fuel that does not contribute to the combustion process may stay in the intake port or as liquid films on the combustion chamber walls. Some of this combustion chamber wall liquid fuel is transported to the engine’s oil sump and some of this liquid fuel escapes combustion and evolves during the expansion and exhaust strokes. Experiments were performed to investigate and quantify this emerging in-cylinder fuel vapor post-combustion cycle by cycle during engine startup. It is believed that this fuel vapor is evaporating from cylinder surfaces and emerging from cylinder crevices. A fast in-cylinder diagnostic, the fast flame ionization detector, was used to measure this behavior. Substantial post-combustion fuel vapor was measured during engine startup. The amount of post-combustion fuel vapor that develops relative to the in-cylinder precombustion fuel charge is on the order of one for cold starting (0 °C) and decreases to ∼13 for hot starting engine cycles. Fuel accounting suggests that the intake port puddle forms quickly, over the first few engine cranking cycles. Analysis suggests that sufficient charge temperature and crevice oxygen exists to at least partially oxidize the majority of this post-combustion fuel vapor such that engine out hydrocarbons are not excessive.

A Multi-Wavelength Extinction Imaging Diagnostic for Quantifying Diesel Spray Mixing at Engine-Relevant Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conner Godbold ◽  
Farzad Poursadegh ◽  
Oleksandr Bibik ◽  
Carlos De La Camara Castillo ◽  
Caroline Genzale
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Rayleigh Scattering ◽  
Mie Scattering ◽  
Light Extinction ◽  
Diesel Spray ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Fuel Vapor ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Projected Image ◽  
Liquid Spray

Abstract The mixing of fuel and air in the combustion chamber of an IC engine is crucial to emissions formation. Therefore, developing effective diagnostic techniques for measuring mixing is critical for progressing IC engines. Existing methodologies for the optical measurement of air-fuel mixing, including Rayleigh scattering and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF), have demonstrated various diagnostic-implementation challenges, high uncertainties under engine-relevant environments, and strong interferences from the liquid spray which prevents their use in near-spray measurements. This work presents the use of an alternative approach based on a laser-absorption/scattering technique called Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Back-Illumination (UV-Vis DBI) to quantify local equivalence ratio in a vaporizing diesel spray. Ultraviolet and visible light are generated using a ND:YAG pumped frequency-doubled tunable dye laser operating at 9.9 kHz. The simultaneous UV-Visible illumination is used to back-illuminate a vaporizing diesel spray, and the resulting extinction of each signal is recorded by a pair of high-speed cameras. Using an aromatic tracer (naphthalene, BP = 218 °C) in a base fuel of dodecane (BP = 215–217 °C), the UV illumination (280 nm) is absorbed along the illumination path through the spray, yielding a projected image of line-of-sight optical depth that is proportional to the path-average fuel vapor concentration in the vapor region of the spray. The visible illumination is chosen at a non-absorbing wavelength (560 nm), such that the light extinction is only due to liquid scattering, yielding a projected image of the liquid spray. A key advantage of the method is that the absorption coefficient of the selected tracer is relatively independent of temperature and pressure for 280-nm illumination, reducing measurement uncertainties at engine-relevant conditions. Measurements are also achievable in near-spray vapor regions since there is no mie-scattering interference from the liquid spray. The diagnostic is applied to measure the fuel-air mixing field of a diesel spray produced by a Bosch CRI3-20 ks1.5 single-orifice injector (90 μm diameter) similar to ECN Spray A. Measurements are conducted in a non-reacting high-pressure and temperature nitrogen environment using a constant-flow, optically-accessible spray chamber operating at 60 bar and 900 K. The results are evaluated against existing ECN mixing measurements based on Rayleigh scattering. The diagnostic yields centerline and radial mixture fraction measurements that match the ECN Rayleigh measurements within uncertainty bounds.

Fuel Vapor-Spray-Air Mixture Operation of a Spark-Ignition Engine

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUKIO MIZUTANI ◽  
SATOSHI MATSUSHITA
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Vapor

EFFECT OF AIR-FUEL RATIO ON SYNGAS COMBUSTION IN AN OPTICALLY ACCESSIBLE SPARK IGNITION ENGINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
santiago daniel martinez boggio ◽  
Pedro Lacava ◽  
Maycon Silva ◽  
SIMONA MEROLA ◽  
Adrian Irimescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Syngas Combustion
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