Fiber-Optic Instrumented Spark Plug for Measuring Early Flame Development in Spark Ignition Engines

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter O. Witze ◽  
Matthew J. Hall ◽  
James S. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Flame Development

A New Approach for Ignition Timing Correction in Spark Ignition Engines Based on Cylinder Tendency to Surface Ignition

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghanaati ◽  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Intan Zaurah Mat Darus ◽  
Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Surface Ignition ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

The performance of Spark Ignition (SI) engines in terms of thermal efficiency can be restricted by knock. Although it is common for all SI engines to exhibit knock from compressed end-gas, knocks from surface ignition remains a more serious problem due to its effect on combustion stability and its obscurity to detect. This paper focuses on predicting the occurrence of knocks from surface ignition by monitoring exhaust gas temperature (EGT). EGT measured during an engine cycle without the spark plug firing. Therefore, EGT rises illustrated any combustion made by surface ignition. Modelling and simulation of a one-dimensional engine combustion done by using GT-Power. The new approach reduces the complexity as EGT monitoring does not require high computational demands, and the EGT signals are robust to noise. The method is validated against a variety of fuel properties and across engine conditions. A new approach is proposed as a measure to predict and detect the knock events.

scholarly journals A Fast CFD-Based Methodology for Determining the Cyclic Variability and Its Effects on Performance and Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4131
Author(s):  
George M. Kosmadakis ◽  
Constantine D. Rakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Cyclic Variability ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Cyclic Variations

A methodology for determining the cyclic variability in spark-ignition (SI) engines has been developed recently, with the use of an in-house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The simulation of a large number of engine cycles is required for the coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) to converge, usually more than 50 cycles. This is valid for any CFD methodology applied for this kind of simulation activity. In order to reduce the total computational time, but without reducing the accuracy of the calculations, the methodology is expanded here by simulating just five representative cycles and calculating their main parameters of concern, such as the IMEP, peak pressure, and NO and CO emissions. A regression analysis then follows for producing fitted correlations for each parameter as a function of the key variable that affects cyclic variability as has been identified by the authors so far, namely, the relative location of the local turbulent eddy with the spark plug. The application of these fitted correlations for a large number of engine cycles then leads to a fast estimation of the key parameters. This methodology is applied here for a methane-fueled SI engine, while future activities will examine cyclic variations in SI engines when fueled with different fuels and their mixtures, such as methane/hydrogen blends, and their associated pollutant emissions.

Modifications to Quasi-Dimensional Burning Model of Spark Ignition Engines

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Modarres Razavi ◽  
A. Hosseini ◽  
M. Dehnavi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Algebraic Functions ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Burning Model

The way in which position of spark plug affects combustion in a spark ignition engine can be analyzed by using two-zone burning model. The purpose of this paper is to extract correlations to simulate the geometric interaction between the propagating flame and the general cylindrical combustion chamber. Eight different cases were recognized. Appropriate equations to calculate the flame area (Af), the burned and the unburned volume (Vb & Vu) and the heat transfer areas related to the burned and unburned regions were derived and presented for each case using Taylor expansion in order to replace numerical solution with trigonometric algebraic functions.

A Comprehensive Ignition System Model for Spark Ignition Engines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiwen Ge ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
System Model ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Combustion Simulation ◽  
Air Column

In the present paper, a comprehensive ignition system model (VTF ignition model) accounting for the practical module and working mechanism of a spark plug was developed, aiming to provide enhanced capability for the 3D combustion simulation of spark ignition engines. In this model, an electrical circuitry model is used to represent the ignition coil, spark plug, and air column. The air column is represented by a set of Lagrangian particles that move with the local flow field. Flame propagation is directly calculated using SAGE model with a reduced isooctane reaction mechanism. The new ignition system model is further implemented into CONVERGE through user defined functions and is verified by comparing with the conventional DPIK model. It is found that the VTF ignition model predicts slower combustion than the DPIK model, mainly due to more realistic energy deposit method and energy discharging rate. Furthermore, the VTF model also has the capability of predicting the arc motion and restrike phenomena associated with spark ignition processes. It is expected that with more validation with experiments, the new VTF model has the great potential to better serve the needs of engine combustion simulation.

Spark ignition and early flame development of lean mixtures under high-velocity flow conditions: An experimental study

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shogo Sayama ◽  
Masao Kinoshita ◽  
Yoshiyuki Mandokoro ◽  
Takayuki Fuyuto
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Ignition Energy ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
High Velocity Flow ◽  
Swirl Chamber ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Velocity Flow ◽  
Flame Development ◽  
Short Circuits

This study set out to experimentally investigate spark ignition and the subsequent early flame development of lean air–fuel mixtures of A/ F = 20–30 under high-velocity flow conditions using a uniquely designed swirl chamber. The swirl chamber realizes a high-velocity flow of 65 m/s at the spark plug gap, as well as internal temperature and pressure histories that are equivalent to those of spark-ignition engines, being equipped with an optically accessible engine. The designed swirl chamber clearly captures the characteristic behavior of the spark channels and flames in the vicinity of the spark plug. The results show that the spark channels stretch downstream following the flow and are subject to short circuits or restrikes. In the case of a high ignition energy of 200 mJ, short circuits of the spark channels occur in the early part of the discharge, while restrikes occur in the later parts. With a decrease in the ignition energy, restrikes occur in the earlier parts of the discharge. With a low ignition energy of 65 mJ, restrikes can occur immediately after the electrical breakdown without any significant spark stretch. At a sufficiently low dilution degree of A/ F = 20, flames can hold behind the ground electrode of the spark plug, which significantly suppresses the cycle dispersion while also enhancing the combustion in the early stage. With further air dilution, that is, A/ F > 20, flames develop, flowing downstream without flame holding. However, temporal flame attachment to the ground electrode is observed during the discharge duration even at A/ F = 30, while the attached flames eventually blow off downstream at the end of the spark discharge.

A Corona Spark Plug System for Spark-Ignition Engines

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sher ◽  
J. Ben-Ya'ish ◽  
A. Pokryvailo ◽  
Y. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Spark Plug
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