Performance of a Diesel Engine Operating on Blends of Diesel Fuel and Crude Sunflower Oil at Normal and Elevated Fuel Temperatures

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Goettler ◽  
Ardell M. Knudson ◽  
Mariusz Ziejewski
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil

scholarly journals Performance of vegetable derived fuels in diesel engine vehicles

2005 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Francisco TINAUT ◽  
Andrés MELGAR ◽  
Yolanda BRICEŃO ◽  
Alfonso HORRILLO
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Moderate Increase

Alternative renewable fuels are more and more important due to increasing of oil prices, environmental concern (greenhouse and other pollutant gases) and, in some regions, their potential to help to conserve agricultural activity (previously aimed to food destination). For the case of vegetable oils several possibilities can be considered, such as mixtures of diesel fuel with both raw oil and oil-derived methyl-esters, where mixture proportions range between zero(pure diesel fuel) and 100% (pure alternative fuel). A third possibility is the use of mixtures of bio-ethanol (obtained om sugar or starch crops) and diesel fuel (e-diesel). Detailed results are presented relative to sunflower methyl-ester performance in engines (test bench), car vehicles (European test cycle) and endurance road tests for car vehicles and urban buses. These results show a favourable trend in the use of sunflower oil derived fuels in terms of emissions, with minor deterioration of power and fuel consumption. The trend is even more favourable if other aspects are considered such as positive energy balance of methyl-esters, relative simplicity of the transformation process, compatibility with the present diesel engine and car technology, possibility to deliver the alternative fuel through established automotive fuels distribution networks, etc. The main results of the presented tests can be summarised as follows: The mixtures of sunflower oil methyl diesel and diesel fuel, and especially those with less than 20% of ester, present perfectly valid properties and characteristics for their use in diesel engines without the need of modification. The current specification for Diesel fuel, EN 590, allows the presence of up to 5% of methyl ester, while, according to the authors results, this amount could be increased without consequences up to 20%. The results in engine test rigs confirm the general trends or other results. There is a reduction of full load power and torque, due to a lower heating value methyl esters, in accordance with an increase in fuel consumption (up to 16% for pure methyl ester). CO and HC are reduced for pure methyl ester and high contents of this, in spite of the fact that a moderate increase was observed for small contents of methyl ester at low engine rpm. NOx emissions show a very weak trend to increase as methyl ester content increases. The results obtained in two passenger cars running a European Driving Cycle presented the same trends. The endurance test covered 80,000 km in a passenger car with a fuel containing 10% of sunflower methyl ester. No problem was detected in lubricant, injection valve choking, fuel consumption and fuel filters. All the results were in accordance with it is expected for the same car running with pure diesel fuel.

Experimental Investigation of Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics Fuelled by Jojoba/Diesel Blend and Sunflower Oil

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Shehata ◽  
S. M. Abdel Razek
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

Experimental study has been carried out to investigate performance parameters, emissions, cylinder pressure, exhaust and wall temperatures at different engine speeds and different percentage of EGR using sunflower and jojoba/diesel (B20) blend in comparison to diesel fuel. Sunflower oil and B20 were selected for the study because of its being widely used in Egypt and world. Tests were conducted for three different fuels with different engine speeds. Also, series of tests were conducted at same previous conditions with different percentage of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates from 0 to 12% of inlet mass of air fresh charge. Results indicate that sunflower or B20 blend gives lower brake thermal efficiency, brake power, brake mean effective pressure, and higher BSFC due to lower heating value compared to diesel fuel. Sunflower or B20 blend gives lower NOX concentration due to lower gases temperature. Sunflower or B20 blend gives higher wall/exhaust temperatures due to incomplete combustion inside engine cylinder. Sunflower or B20 blend gives higher CO and CO2 concentrations due to higher carbon/hydrogen ratio. The position of maximum pressure change for diesel fuel is earlier than for sunflower and B20 blend. The results show that sunflower and B20 blend are promising as alternatives fuel for diesel engine. One of the main advantages of vegetable oil is not requiring significant modification of existing engine hard wares. On contrast, the main disadvantages of biodiesel fuels are high viscosity, drying with time, thickening in cold conditions, flow and atomization characteristics.

scholarly journals Investigation of the performance and emission of bus engine using blends of diesel fuel with bio-diesel of sunflower

2011 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Pankajkumar G. Patel ◽  
Kintuben R. Patel ◽  
Hirenkumar B. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Blend Ratios

An experiment investigation is conducted to evaluate the use of sunflower oil methyl esters (bio-diesels) of Greek origin as supplements in the diesel fuel at blend ratios of 10/90 and 20/80, in a fully instrumented, six-cylinder, turbocharged and after-cooled, direct injection (DI),Mercedes –Benz, mini-bus diesel engine installed at the author`s laboratory. The tests are conducted using each of the above fuel blends, with the engine working at two speeds and three loads. Fuel consumption, exhaust smokiness and exhaust regulated gas emissions such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and total unburned hydrocarbons are measured. The diesel fuel and two bio-diesels are determined and compared.

Preparation, Characterization and Engine Performance Characteristics of Used Cooking Sunflower Oil Based Bio-Fuels for a Diesel Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 913-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankar Karthikumar ◽  
V. Ragavanandham ◽  
S. Kanagaraj ◽  
R. Manikumar ◽  
A. Asha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Blended Fuels

This paper deals on bio-fuel, consisting of used sunflower oil and transesterified - used sunflower oil blended with diesel. They are prepared and tested as a fuel in a direct injection (DI) single cylinder four stroke diesel engine. The main fuel properties of these fuels are measured, the engine performance characteristics are investigated and compared with that of diesel fuel. Fuels are separately prepared, blended and tested for determining the characteristics and combustion in a single cylinder diesel engine. The main fuel properties such as the specific gravity, density, flash and fire points of the blended fuels are measured. The engine performance is investigated and compared with that of diesel fuel. The experimental results showed that the specific gravity of the hybrid bio-fuels is decreased and close to that of diesel fuel. The experimental results also showed that the engine efficiency is closer to the values obtained from the diesel fuel. It is found that among the various blends, transesterifed used sunflower oil with diesel, gives better efficiency. In addition it is found that, the blend of diesel with used sunflower oil gives the lowest fuel consumption as compared to that of other blended fuels. Nomenclatures w1- weight of specific gravity bottle (g) w2- weight of specific gravity bottle + water (g) w3- weight of specific gravity bottle + sample (g)

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

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