Fuel Economy of Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Light Duty

Light-Duty Diesels—an Update on the Emissions Challenge

1994 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Horrocks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Community ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Clean Air Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Major Stage ◽  
Clean Air

The next major stage of emissions legislation for European Community countries is planned for 1996. This paper examines these proposed standards and the effect they will have on light-duty automotive diesel vehicles. The present status of the Clean Air Act amendments in the United States is also considered. The latest developments in light-duty automotive diesel technology are reviewed, particularly with respect to achieving the lower emission standards and the effect on fuel economy.

scholarly journals Drive cycle simulation of high efficiency combustions on fuel economy and exhaust properties in light-duty vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 762-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Gao ◽  
Scott J. Curran ◽  
James E. Parks ◽  
David E. Smith ◽  
Robert M. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

Diesel Emission Test Stand for Advanced SCR Control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Noto ◽  
Athul Radhakrishnan ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Josh Ferreira ◽  
Marc Compere
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Nox Sensor ◽  
Diesel Emission ◽  
Tier 3

The combination of increasingly challenging emissions regulations and impending Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards of 54.5 mpg by 2025 presents auto makers with a challenge over the next 10 years. The most promising technologies currently available for meeting high fuel economy and low emissions regulations are increased hybridization, turbo downsizing, and increased Diesel engine implementation. Combining these into a hybrid turbo Diesel is an ideal transition technology for the very near future as battery and other alternative fuels become viable for widespread automotive use. This paper presents a Diesel emission test stand to improve Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems for light duty Diesel vehicles, particularly hybrid power systems that experience many start-stop events. Advanced modeling and control systems for SCR systems will further reduce tailpipe emissions below existing Tier structures and will prepare manufacturers to meet increasingly stringent Tier 3 standards beginning in 2017. SCR reduces oxides of Nitrogen, NO, and NO2, from otherwise untreated Diesel emissions. Scientific study has proved that inhaling this harmful exhaust gas is directly responsible for some forms of lung cancer and a variety of other respiratory diseases. In addition to EPA Tier emissions levels and CAFÉ standards, the On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) regulations require every vehicle’s emission control systems to actively report their status during all engine-on vehicle operation. Testing and development with production NOx sensors and production SCR components is critical to improving NOx reduction and for OEMs to meeting strict Tier 3 light duty emission standards. The test stand was designed for straightforward access to the NOx sensors, injector, pump and all exhaust components. A Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) followed by a Diesel Oxidizing Catalyst (DOC) precedes the Selective Catalytic Reducer (SCR) injector, mixing pipe and catalyst. An upstream NOx sensor reads engine-out NOx and the downstream NOx sensor reports the post catalyst NOx levels. Custom fabrication work was required to integrate the SCR mechanical components into a simple system with exhaust components easily accessible in a repeatable, controlled laboratory environment. A Diesel generator was used in combination with a custom designed resistive load bank to provide variable NOx emissions according to the EPA drive cycles. A production exhaust temperature sensor was calibrated and integrated into the software test manager. Production automotive NOx sensors and SCR injector, pump and heaters were mounted on a production light duty vehicle exhaust system. The normalized nature of NOx concentration in parts per million (ppm) allows the small Diesel generator to adequately represent larger Diesels for controls development purposes. Both signal level and power electronics were designed and tested to operate the SCR pump, injector, and three Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) heating elements. An Arduino-based Controller Area Network (CAN) communications network read the NOx Diesel emissions messages from the upstream and downstream sensors. The pump, injector, solenoid, and line heaters all functioned properly during DEF fluid injection. CAN and standard serial communications were used for Arduino and Matlab/Simulink based control and data logging software. Initial testing demonstrated partial and full NOx reduction. Overspray saturated the catalyst and demonstrated the production NOx sensor’s cross-sensitivity to ammonia. The ammonia was indistinguishable from NOx during saturation and motivates incorporation of a separate ammonia sensor.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Effects of Idle-Stop Systems on Fuel Economy in Light-Duty Passenger Vehicles

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Wishart ◽  
Matthew Shirk ◽  
Tyler Gray ◽  
Nicholas Fengler
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Light Duty

Pollutant constituents of exhaust emitted from light-duty diesel vehicles

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Lung Chiang ◽  
Yen-Ming Lai ◽  
Sheng-You Chang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Light Duty
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