Columbium and Vanadium-Nitrogen High Strength Cold-Rolled Steels

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Rareyand ◽  
J. F. Butler
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Cold Rolled

YOUNGSTOWN YS-T50 to YS-T140 STEELS

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Weight Saving ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract YS-T 50 to YS-T 140 Steels comprise a series of high-strength, cold-rolled steels designed to meet performance and weight-saving objectives. They are an extension of Youngstown's series of hot-rolled high-strength steels (see Youngstown YS-T Steel, Alloy Digest SA-261, March 1971). The YS-T 50 to YS-T 140 steels have minimum yield strengths ranging from 50,000 psi to 140,000 psi. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-331. Producer or source: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company.

Microstructure evolution in cold rolled strips during continuous annealing - modelling and simulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 607-614
Author(s):  
V. Hein ◽  
H. Freydank ◽  
U. Michel ◽  
H. Zieger ◽  
G. Zouhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Microalloyed Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Rolled Strip ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Limited Temperature ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Continuous Annealing Furnace

The empirical optimization of technologies for continuous annealing of cold rolled strips is very time, material and cost intensive. The properties of cold rolled strips demanded by the customer are adjustable only in relatively closely limited temperature - time regimes. Therefore, it is a complex task to increase the performance of continuous annealing furnaces without disadvantages for the product quality. This problem can be solved by nume-rical modelling the microstructure evolution in the cold rolled strip during continuous annealing combined with experimental simulation of the annealing process. At the Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, Technische Universität Dresden, in co-operation with EKO Stahl GmbH, Eisenhüttenstadt, a computer program signed as TFB was deve-loped. It is suited for modelling and simulating the recrystallization kinetics in cold rolled strips during continuous annealing. Furthermore, this program can be used for optimizing the annealing technology. For example, for IF steel the pre-sent paper demonstrates to what extent the performance of a continuous annealing furnace can be increased. Further results concern the improvement of the microstructure of the high strength microalloyed steel ZStE 380 Z by optimizing the annealing technology by means of experimental simulation.

scholarly journals Tensile Properties and Damping Capacity of Cold-Rolled Fe-20Mn-12Cr-3Ni-3Si Damping Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 5975
Author(s):  
Jae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Jong-Min Jung ◽  
Hyunbo Shim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Austenite Stability ◽  
Ε Martensite ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Relationship

The tensile properties and damping capacity of cold-rolled Fe–20Mn–12Cr–3Ni–3Si alloys were investigated. The martensitic transformation was identified, including surface relief with a specific orientation and partial intersection. Besides, as the cold rolling degree increased, the volume fraction of ε-martensite increased, whereas α’-martensite started to form at the cold rolling degree of 15% and slightly increased to 6% at the maximum cold rolling degree. This difference may be caused by high austenite stability by adding alloying elements (Mn and Ni). As the cold rolling degree increased, the tensile strength linearly increased, and the elongation decreased due to the fractional increment in the volume of martensite. However, the damping capacity increased until a 30% cold rolling degree was approached, and then decreased. The irregular tendency of the damping capacity was confirmed, depicting that it increased to a specific degree and then decreased as the tensile strength and elongation increased. Concerning the relationship between the tensile properties and the damping capacity, the damping capacity increased and culminated, and then decreased as the tensile properties and elongation increased. The damping capacity in the high-strength area tended to decrease because it is difficult to dissipate vibration energy into thermal energy in alloys with high strength. In the low-strength area, on the other hand, the damping capacity increased as the strength increased since the increased volume fraction of ε-martensite is attributed to the increase in the damping source.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Hardening Behavior and Tensile Properties of a Cold-Rolled Bainitic–Ferritic Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6662
Author(s):  
Emilio Bassini ◽  
Antonio Sivo ◽  
Daniele Ugues
Keyword(s):  
Strain Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Soft Phase ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Ductile Materials ◽  
Hardening Behavior ◽  
Material State ◽  
Cold Rolled

The automotive field is continuously researching safer, high-strength, ductile materials. Nowadays, dual-phase (DP) steels are gaining importance, since they meet all these requirements. Dual-phase steel made of ferrite and bainite is the object of a complete microstructural and mechanical characterization, which includes tensile and bending tests. This specific steel contains ferrite and bainite in equal parts; ferrite is the soft phase while bainite acts as a dispersed reinforcing system. This peculiar microstructure, together with fine dispersed carbides, an extremely low carbon content (0.09 wt %), and a minimal degree of strain hardening (less than 10%) allow this steel to compete with traditional medium-carbon single-phase steels. In this work, a full pearlitic C67 steel containing 0.67% carbon was used as a benchmark to build a comparative study between the DP and SP steels. Moreover, the Crussard–Jaoul (C-J) and Voce analysis were adopted to describe the hardening behavior of the two materials. Using the C-J analysis, it is possible to separately analyze the ferrite and bainite strain hardening and understand which alterations occur to DP steel after being cold rolled. On the other hand, the Voce equation was used to evaluate the dislocation density evolution as a function of the material state.

Low C High Mn Cold Rolled TWIP Steel: Kinetics of Isothermal Recrystallization

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2181-2186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio M.F. Melo ◽  
Érica Ribeiro ◽  
Lorena Dutra ◽  
Dagoberto Brandão Santos
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Twip Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Kinetics Of

The increasing demand, mainly from the automobile industry, for materials which combine high strength, high ductility and low specific weight makes steels with the TWIP (TWinning Induced Plasticity) effect a promising material to meet these requirements. This work aimed to study the kinetics of isothermal recrystallization of a TWIP steel (C-0.06%, Mn-25%, Al-3%, Si-2%, and Ni-1%) after cold rolling. The steel was hot and cold-rolled and then annealed at 700°C with soaking times ranging from 10 to 7200 s. Microstructural analysis was performed using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, quantitative metallography was performed in order to evaluate the recrystallized volume fraction and grain size. A JMAK based model was applied to describe the nucleation grain growth process. The restoration of the steel was also evaluated by microhardness tests. A complete recrystallization after 7200 s at 700°C was observed. It was found that with increasing annealing times, the recrystallized volume fraction also increases, while the nucleation and growth rates decrease, in agreement with the results for plain carbon steels.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Improved Ductility of 1500 MPa-class Ultra-high Strength Cold-rolled Steel Sheet Produced by Rolling and Partitioning Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2097-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Hosoya ◽  
Yuta Matsumura ◽  
Yo Tomota ◽  
Yusuke Onuki ◽  
Stefanus Harjo
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sheet ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Cold Rolled Steel ◽  
Cold Rolled

Novel deformation twinning system in a cold rolled high-strength metastable-β Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr-0.5Fe alloy

Materialia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 100614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoichko Antonov ◽  
Zachary Kloenne ◽  
Yipeng Gao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Deformation Twinning ◽  
Twinning System ◽  
Cold Rolled

scholarly journals Mechanism of Improved Ductility of 1,500 MPa-class Ultra-high Strength Cold-rolled Steel Sheet Produced by Rolling and Partitioning Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Hosoya ◽  
Yuta Matsumura ◽  
Yo Tomota ◽  
Yusuke Onuki ◽  
Stefanus Harjo
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sheet ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Cold Rolled Steel ◽  
Cold Rolled

Thermal Stability of Ultrafine Grains in Al-Fe-Mn-Si Foils Prepared by ARB and Subsequent Rolling

2008 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 905-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Homola ◽  
Margarita Slámová ◽  
P. Sláma ◽  
Miroslav Cieslar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Electron Back Scatter Diffraction ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) is a severe plastic deformation process that allows producing ultrafine-grained materials (UFG). UFG sheets exhibit enhanced strength and very fine grain structure. Foils used as fins in heat exchangers have to be very thin but must exhibit high strength combined with relatively high formability. Thus, materials produced using ARB may fulfil the exacting requirements on foil properties for such applications. The thermal stability of Al-Fe- Mn-Si foils produced using ARB and subsequent cold rolling was studied and compared with conventionally cold rolled (CCR) counterparts. The stability was assessed by isothermal annealing in the temperature range from 200 to 450 °C. Electron back scatter diffraction in a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy examinations of foils microstructure in the deformed and annealed states allowed the monitoring of structural changes. The magnitude of mechanical properties changes due to annealing was evaluated by microhardness measurements. Significant hardness increase was observed after annealing at 200 °C only in the ARB samples and was assigned to an annealing-induced hardening. The CCR foil exhibits higher non-recrystallized fraction and smaller mean lamellae boundary spacing in the temperature interval of 200-250 °C than ARB foils. The annealing at 450 °C results in identical hardness values and fully recrystallized microstructure of all foils, regardless the method used for their manufacturing. However, the ARB samples show higher stability of the refined substructure than their cold rolled counterparts due to continuous recrystallization occurring in the ARB foils.

The Study on the Low Yield Strength for Super Fine Grain and High Strength Bearing Nb if Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 615-618
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Li Feng Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
High Strength ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
R Value

The cold rolling and simulative continuous annealing experiments after rolling were carried out in the laboratory on the base of super fine grain (SFG) steel sheet. The microstructure and the second-phase particles precipitated behavior were analyzed by the technology of OM, TEM and EDX. It is found that the fined Nb(C, N) can be formed by adding micro-alloy element Nb. It is noted that the yield strength is low as well as the tensile strength is high by the PFZ which is free of precipitate called precipitated free zone on the one side of the grain boundary. Contrast to the conventional IF steel, the super fine grain steel has super fine grains and gives excellent press-formability such as low yield strength, high r-value（the plastic strain ratio）. High strength cold-rolled steel sheets (HSS) with high formability have been developed in the last decade, in which the major strengthening method was solid-solution hardening with silicon, manganese and phosphorous [1-3]. When the IF steel is strengthened with the high amount of solid-solution elements, it becomes susceptible to the secondary work embrittlement because of the lack of grain boundary strength [4-6]. In this paper, High strength cold-rolled steel sheets (HSS) with high formability have been developed for the IF steel-bases. The grain refinement and precipitation hardening are achieved by means of the fine distribution of carbide under the appropriate combination of the relatively higher carbon content near 0.0070 mass% with niobium. As the result, this type of IF-HSS has been successfully developed to reach a higher r-value as compared with the conventional IF-HSS.

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