Influence to the PN Emissions in Calibration Procedure for Portable and Stationary Solid Particle Number Measurement Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kondo ◽  
Kentaro Kojima ◽  
Takeshi Kusaka ◽  
Yoshinori Otsuki
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Measurement Systems

Investigation in Calibration Procedures for Portable and Stationary Solid Particle Number Measurement Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Otsuki ◽  
Hiroshi Nakamura ◽  
Kentaro Kojima ◽  
Kenji Kondo ◽  
Kazuhiko Haruta
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Measurement Systems

Assessment of In-Use Solid Particle Number Measurement Systems against Laboratory Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yusuf Khan ◽  
Meet Patel ◽  
Nathan Scott ◽  
Chet Mun Liew ◽  
Chuanlun Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Measurement Systems

scholarly journals Experimental assessment of solid particle number Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) for heavy-duty vehicles applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barouch Giechaskiel ◽  
Matthias Schwelberger ◽  
Christophe Delacroix ◽  
Massimo Marchetti ◽  
Marc Feijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

scholarly journals Solid Particle Number (SPN) Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) in the European Legislation: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barouch Giechaskiel ◽  
Pierre Bonnel ◽  
Adolfo Perujo ◽  
Panagiota Dilara
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gaseous Pollutants ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

Portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) for gaseous pollutants were firstly introduced in the United States regulation to check the in-use compliance of heavy-duty engines, avoiding the high costs of removing the engine and testing it on a dynamometer in the laboratory. In Europe, the in-service conformity of heavy-duty engines has been checked with PEMS for gaseous pollutants since 2014. To strengthen emissions regulations with a view to minimise the differences between on-road and laboratory emission levels in some cases, PEMS testing, including solid particle number (SPN), was introduced for the type-approval of light-duty vehicles in Europe in 2017 and for in-service conformity in 2019. SPN-PEMS for heavy-duty engines will be introduced in 2021. This paper gives an overview of the studies for SPN-PEMS from early 2013 with the first prototypes until the latest testing and improvements in 2019. The first prototype diffusion charger (DC) based systems had high differences from the reference laboratory systems at the first light-duty vehicles campaign. Tightening of the technical requirements and improvements from the instrument manufacturers resulted in differences of around 50%. Similar differences were found in an inter-laboratory comparison exercise with the best performing DC- and CPC- (condensation particle counter) based system. The heavy-duty evaluation phase at a single lab and later at various European laboratories revealed higher differences due to the small size of the urea generated particles and their high charge at elevated temperatures. This issue, along with robustness at low ambient temperatures, was addressed by the instrument manufacturers bringing the measurement uncertainty to the 50% levels. This measurement uncertainty needs to be considered at the on-road emission results measured with PEMS.

scholarly journals Comparison of Solid Particle Number Emission of Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicles between CVS and Tailpipe Samplings

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Kazuki Nakamura ◽  
Izumi Fukano ◽  
Seiichi Hosogai ◽  
Christos Dardiotis ◽  
Christoph Kandlhofer
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection

scholarly journals Inter-Laboratory Correlation Exercise with Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) on Chassis Dynamometers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barouch Giechaskiel ◽  
Simone Casadei ◽  
Michele Mazzini ◽  
Mario Sammarco ◽  
Gisella Montabone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Number ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Type Approval ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Individual

The recently introduced Real Driving Emissions (RDE) light-duty vehicle emissions regulation requires testing with Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) during type approval and in-service conformity. The studies on the accuracy of PEMS today are limited. An inter-laboratory correlation exercise with PEMS took place in Italy in 2017. Eight laboratories measured exhaust emissions from a Golden Euro 6 gasoline vehicle with a Golden PEMS installed in it, along with the individual lab’s own PEMS, following the regulated laboratory method (bags from the dilution tunnel). The data of the exercise were used to estimate the repeatability and reproducibility of the methodology with PEMS. The statistical analysis estimated reproducibility of 2.9% (bags) to 5.5% (lab PEMS) for CO2, 20–25% for CO (all methods), 23–31% for NOx (all methods), and 29% (tunnel, Golden PEMS) to 39% (lab PEMS) for particle number. The mean differences of the PEMS to the regulated method were ±1.5 g/km (or ±1%) for CO2, <16 mg/km (or <5%) for CO, <4 mg/km (or <11%) for NOx and 1 × 1011 particles/km (40%) for particle number. The results of this study confirm the satisfactory performance of PEMS and the permissible tolerances introduced in RDE regulation.

Real-Time Measuring System for Engine Exhaust Solid Particle Number Emission - Design and Performance

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wei ◽  
Karl Oestergaard ◽  
Scott Porter ◽  
Asano Ichiro ◽  
Masayuki Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Assessment of 10-nm Particle Number (PN) Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) for Future Regulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barouch Giechaskiel ◽  
Tero Lähde ◽  
Sawan Gandi ◽  
Stefan Keller ◽  
Philipp Kreutziger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Emission Measurement ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Technical Specifications

The particle number (PN) emissions of vehicles equipped with particulate filters are low. However, there are technologies that can have high PN levels, especially below the currently lower regulated particle size of 23 nm. Sub-23-nm particles are also considered at least as dangerous as the larger ultrafine particles. For this reason, the European Union (EU) is planning to regulate particles down to 10 nm. In this study we compared prototype portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) and reference laboratory systems measuring from 10 nm. The tests included cycles and constant speeds, using vehicles fuelled with diesel, gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The results showed that the PEMS were within ±40% of the reference systems connected to the tailpipe and the dilution tunnel. Based on the positive findings and the detection efficiencies of the prototype instruments, a proposal for the technical specifications for the future regulation was drafted.

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