Study of the Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Emissions from Motorcycles Powered by Electric and Internal Combustion Engines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Daemme ◽  
Renato Penteado ◽  
Paulo Smith Schneider ◽  
Bárbara Pacheco da Rocha ◽  
Bernardo dos Santos Piccoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions

scholarly journals Implementation of energy efficiency programs using cogeneration based on internal combustion engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Eduard Minciuc ◽  
Roxana Pătraşcu ◽  
George Darie ◽  
Ioana Diaconescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
National Power ◽  
A Company

Abstract The paper presents an analysis of implementation of CHP plants based on internal combustion engines at different industrial companies. The authors have presented general aspects regarding utilization of internal combustion engines for cogeneration. There have been presented different possibilities of classification of internal combustion engines. Further on authors have presented different possibilities for increasing the efficiency of internal combustion engines, including: supercharging compression ratio increase, advanced heat recuperation for combined production of heat and power. There have also been presented different measures for increasing energy efficiency on site, including measures for CHP plant and internal combustion engines and measures for other auxiliary equipment and measures for technological equipment. In the second part of the paper authors have presented three case studies of utilization of internal combustion engines at a cogeneration plant for different industrial companies: cogeneration plant at a company from pharmaceutical sector, cogeneration plant at a beer production company and cogeneration plant at a company of electrical insulation materials. The results of the analysis led to following conclusions: implementation of cogeneration solutions based on internal combustion engines lead to significant financial savings, implementation of cogeneration solutions based on internal combustion engines can also lead to reducing environmental impact, it ensures higher global energy production efficiency and higher power efficiency compared to National Power System and to separate power and heat generation, it can lead to increased safety in energy supply of the company, it can also increase the reliability of power supply in cases of National Power Grid faults.

Ensuring energy efficiency of transmissions of cars and tractors during modernization with a change in the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Mikhail Podrigalo ◽  
◽  
Andriy Kashkanov ◽  
Aleksandr Koriak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Torsional Vibrations ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Input Shaft ◽  
Transmission Unit ◽  
Vibration Resistance

The article investigates the energy efficiency of motor-transmission units when using internal combustion engines with different numbers of cylinders. Transmissions, those in a unit with piston internal combustion engines are loaded with uneven torque, which is the cause of torsional vibrations of their parts. Torsional vibrations create additional dynamic loads on the transmission elements, and also reduce its efficiency. To ensure a high level of energy efficiency of the engine-transmission unit, the elastic-inertial parameters of the transmission must be matched with the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the torque of the installed engine. When replacing a serial internal combustion engines with an engine with output characteristics different from the prototype, it is necessary to assess the vibration resistance of the modernized engine-transmission unit, which was done in this work. As a criterion for vibration resistance of the modernized machine unit, the cyclic elastic efficiency of the transmission was used. This factor takes into account the natural frequency of the transmission input shaft, as well as the amplitude and frequency of vibration of the engine torque. The decisive influence on the vibration characteristics of the engine is exerted by the rotational speed of its crankshaft and the number of cylinders. When conducting a comparative assessment of the energy efficiency level of the modernized engine-transmission unit, it was assumed that before the modernization the transmission was in a unit with a single-cylinder internal combustion engine. As a result of the study, the conditions for ensuring the vibration resistance of engine transmission units have been determined, a method has been developed for comparative analysis of the energy efficiency indicators of engine transmission units with different numbers of internal combustion engine cylinders, and possible ways to increase the energy efficiency of engine units of cars and tractors during modernization with a change in the number of internal combustion engine cylinders are indicated.

scholarly journals Increasing energy efficiency and environmental safety of reciprocating engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Сергей Александрович Каргин ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kargin ◽  
Александр Дорохов ◽  
Aleksandr Dorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases

The article highlights the process of organizing the internal combustion engines operation, which is intended to raise the environmental safety and the extent to which the thermal energy of the working fluid is used in order to increase the energy efficiency and environmental safety of marine, fixed and transport engines. Today in propulsion engineering the process of supplying heat to the cycle (fuel injection, mixture formation, combustion) has been comprehensively studied and improved. The analysis of the thermodynamic cycle has been presented. Disadvantages of the working process (from the position of converting the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical ener-gy) of a reciprocating engine with a crank mechanism are listed: incomplete combustion of fuel, loss of heat with exhaust gases and coolant, mechanical losses in the engine, etc. It has been found that the complete conversion of the thermal energy of the working fluid into mechanical work is impossible due to a short expansion stroke. The possibilities of increasing the efficiency of the working cycle of internal combustion engines are considered. An additional increase of the internal energy of the working fluid obtained by reducing losses in the cooling system due to the thermal insulation of the cylinder goes into increased losses with exhaust gases. It is proposed to introduce water into the cylinder after reaching the maximum temperature of the cycle, which helps lower the temperature of the gases, reduce the temperature difference and the intensity of heat transfer. It has been suggested to conduct tests with different moments of water supply, which will determine the effect of water on the process of burning fuel. The necessity of calculating various situations has been justified, since the amount of water will be different. The calculated water injection at the end of the combustion process can simplify cleaning and increase the engine capacity without significant amplifications of its main elements.

scholarly journals Design of the Energy Storages for a (Battery) Electric Commuter Train

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Schmetz ◽  
Alexander Struck
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Technical Specifications

The use of battery-powered electric commuter trains instead of those which are propelled by internal combustion engines on only partially (or non) electrified railway lines can save considerable amounts of energy and can avoid exhaust emissions to a large extent with comparatively low investment costs. As path to these goals, the railway line, the operating and the trains are modeled for a particularly interesting, real-life example. Then, for the generated models, it is shown how the energy demands of model-compliant (battery) electric commuter trains can be calculated and how their energy storages can be designed. The models and the procedure can also be applied for a large number of comparable dimensioning cases when defining further railway lines, operating and commuter train models, corresponding parameterization as well as the occasionally necessary addition of slope and curvature resistances. The calculation of energy demands and the design of energy storages, however, show that there are a large number of different alternatives for technical specifications as well as decisions relevant to energy efficiency and business management, too. To determine the most suitable solutions, further measures such as the investigation of the effects of intelligent modifications to the underlying models, the development and implementation of computer-aided simulations as well as the construction and testing of real (battery) electric commuter trains make sense.

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