Optimizing Seat Belt and Airbag Designs for Rear Seat Occupant Protection in Frontal Crashes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Hu ◽  
Matthew P. Reed ◽  
Jonathan D. Rupp ◽  
Kurt Fischer ◽  
Paul Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Occupant Protection ◽  
Frontal Crashes

scholarly journals A Simulation Study on the Efficacy of Advanced Belt Restraints to Mitigate the Effects of Obesity for Rear-Seat Occupant Protection in Frontal Crashes

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (sup1) ◽  
pp. S75-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Wang ◽  
Zhonghao Bai ◽  
Libo Cao ◽  
Matthew P. Reed ◽  
Kurt Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Occupant Protection ◽  
Frontal Crashes ◽  
Belt Restraints

Rear seat belt use in the United Arab Emirates

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salaheddine Bendak ◽  
Sara S. Alnaqbi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Estimating the Effect of Standard Enforcement of a Rear Seat Belt Law for Rear Seat Fatality Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (33) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Findley ◽  
Morgan Sanchez ◽  
Timothy Nye
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Practice Standard ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Data were collected from the NHTSA’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System to analyze the link between primary enforcement of rear seat belt use and injury severity in fatal vehicle collisions. Specifically, this study predicted the amount of fatalities that may have been prevented had there been standard enforcement of a rear seat belt law in effect. Previous literature concludes that increasing seat belt use will decrease injury severity in collisions and the primary enforcement of seat belts laws will increase seat belt use by approximately 14%. This study recorded and compared the number of rear seat fatalities in states that did and did not have primary enforcement laws for rear seat occupants. The results indicated that, on average, for every properly restrained rear seat fatality there are 0.45 more rear seat fatalities in states without primary enforcement than states with primary enforcement. It also predicts that the states that do not practice standard seat belt enforcement could have seen approximately 772 to 1,032 fatalities prevented from 2011 to 2015, had there been primary rear seat belt enforcement. This corresponds to an estimated national crash cost savings of $8.6 billion, or $1.7 billion annually.

Fatal side impact crash scenarios for rear seat and seat belt–restrained occupants from vulnerable populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (sup2) ◽  
pp. S50-S56
Author(s):  
Seth M. Fein ◽  
Jessica S. Jermakian ◽  
Kristy B. Arbogast ◽  
Matthew R. Maltese
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Side Impact

Analysis of Car Deformation Effect on AIS3+ Head Injury in Frontal Crash Using Logistic Regression Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 354-357
Author(s):  
Shu Cai Xu ◽  
Xing Hua Lai ◽  
Chun Sheng Ma ◽  
Jin Huan Zhang ◽  
Jing Wen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Damage Distribution ◽  
Frontal Crash ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Frontal Crashes

The influence of vehicle deformation on the risks of head injury for the drivers involved in frontal crashes is studied using real world crash data. There are three types of vehicle damage distribution considered in this paper, namely, wide distribution, moderate offset, and small offset. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the head injuries are estimated by logistic regression, controlling for a wide variety of confounders. Results show that occupants' head injuries are highly related to damage distribution. Small offset crash has greatest threat to head injury. Seat belt is effective in all the crash types of concern. This study provides evidences to upgrade existing frontal crash test program and clue to countermeasure development for occupant protection in different crash modes.

Influence of Vehicle Restraint System Design on the Kinematics and Neck Forces of a Rear Seat Small Occupant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Burke ◽  
Martha W. Bidez ◽  
Kathryn M. Mergl
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Collisions

In 2008, motor vehicle collisions resulted in 968 child occupant fatalities and 193,000 seriously injured children, ages 14 years old and younger, according to the most recent data provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) [1]. In fact, motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death for all children ages 3 to 14 years old living in the United States [1]. As children grow older they require size-appropriate restraint types to fit their body at each developmental level. For older children, booster seats are not a total solution for child safety as they are often dependent on the design of the vehicle seat belt system (2). Additionally, there is no federal standard that requires vehicle manufacturers to dynamically test the performance of child seats of any type in their vehicles.

scholarly journals Factors contributing to serious and fatal injuries in belted rear seat occupants in frontal crashes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (sup1) ◽  
pp. S84-S91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Jermakian ◽  
Marcy Edwards ◽  
Seth Fein ◽  
Matthew R. Maltese
Keyword(s):  
Rear Seat ◽  
Frontal Crashes ◽  
Fatal Injuries

scholarly journals Warning signs to fasten seat belts result in higher rates of rear seat belt use in rideshare vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 2046-2050
Author(s):  
Kenneth Nemire
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Using seat belts reduces traffic injuries and fatalities. Passengers in the rear seat typically use their seat belts less often than drivers or front-seat passengers. Seat belt use in the back is even less frequent in vehicles for hire such as taxi cabs and rideshare vehicles than in private passenger vehicles. This observational study of adult passengers video-recorded in rideshare vehicles in San Francisco found that a sign mounted at rear passenger seated eye level, and that warned of the risks of failing to wear a seat belt, resulted in significantly higher rates of seat belt use than for rear seat passengers not exposed to the warning sign. Results also showed that age, gender, and trip duration did not have a significant effect on rear seat belt use. Implications for future research and other countermeasures are discussed.

Self-reported factors that influence rear seat belt use among adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandi L. Taylor ◽  
Melissa Daily
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Seat Belt Use
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