scholarly journals Effect of Spark Timing on Performance and Emissions of a Small Spark Ignition Engine with Dual Ethanol Fuel Injection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizar F.O. Al-Muhsen ◽  
Guang Hong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Performance And Emissions

Performance of Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of Ethanol Dual Injection Spark Ignition Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 9082-9093
Author(s):  
NIZAR F.O. AL-MUHSEN ◽  
Guang Hong ◽  
Firas Basim Ismail
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Dual Injection

Ethanol dual injection (DualEI) is a new technology to maximise the benefits of ethanol fuel to the spark-ignition engine. In this study, the combustion and emissions characteristics in a DualEI spark-ignition engine with a variation of the direct injection (DI) ratio and engine speed were experimentally investigated. The volume ratio of DI was varied from 0% (DI0%) to 100% (DI100%), and two engine speeds of 3500 and 4000 RPM were tested. The spark timing for maximum brake torque (MBT) was first determined, and then the results of the effect of DI ratio on the engine performance at the MBT conditions were discussed and analysed. The results showed that the MBT timing for the DI and spark timings were 330 and 30 CAD bTDC, respectively. At the MBT timing, the indicated mean effective pressure slightly increased from 0.47 to 0.50 MPa when the DI ratio increased from DI0% to DI100%. However, the maximum combustion pressure significantly decreased by 8.32%, and volumetric efficiency increased by 4.04%. This was attributed to the reduced combustion temperature due to the cooling effect of ethanol fuel enhanced by the DI strategy. The indicated specific carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons significantly increased due to poor mixture quality caused by fuel impingement associated with the overcooling effect. However, the indicated specific nitric oxides significantly decreased due to the temperature reduction inside the combustion chamber. Results showed the potential of DualEI to increase the compression ratio and consequently increase the engine thermal efficiency without the risk of engine knock.

scholarly journals Effect of Static Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Using CNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 032062
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. El-Sharkawy ◽  
Mina B. R. Abaskharon ◽  
Ali M. Abd-El-Tawwab ◽  
Fawzy M. H. Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Performance And Emissions

scholarly journals Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9453
Author(s):  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Luca Marchitto ◽  
Luigi Teodosio ◽  
Patrizio Massoli ◽  
Jérôme Bellettre
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Micro Channels ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Water Contents

This paper presents an experimental study investigating the effects of water-in-gasoline emulsion (WiGE) on the performance and emissions of a turbocharged PFI spark-ignition engine. The emulsions were produced through a micro-channels emulsifier, potentially capable to work inline, without addition of surfactants. Measurements were performed at a 3000 rpm speed and net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) of 16 bar: the engine point representative of commercial ECU map was chosen as reference. In this condition, the engine, fueled with gasoline, runs overfueled (λ = 0.9) to preserve the integrity of the turbocharger from excessive temperature, and the spark timing corresponds to the knock limit. Starting from the reference point, two different water contents in emulsion were tested, 10% and 20% by volume, respectively. For each selected emulsion, at λ = 0.9, the spark timing was advanced from the reference point value to the new knock limit, controlling the IMEP at a constant level. Further, the cooling effect of water evaporation in WiGE allowed it to work at stoichiometric condition, with evident benefits on the fuel economy. Main outcomes highlight fuel consumption improvements of about 7% under stoichiometric mixture and optimized spark timing, while avoiding an excessive increase in turbine thermal stress. Emulsions induce a slight worsening in the HC emissions, arising from the relative impact on combustion development. On the other hand, at stoichiometric condition, HC and CO emissions drop with a corresponding increase in NO.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Engine Performance and Emissions for Port Injection of Ammonia into a Gasoline\Ethanol Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Farhad Salek ◽  
Meisam Babaie ◽  
Amin Shakeri ◽  
Seyed Vahid Hosseini ◽  
Timothy Bodisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions

This study aims to investigate the effect of the port injection of ammonia on performance, knock and NOx emission across a range of engine speeds in a gasoline/ethanol dual-fuel engine. An experimentally validated numerical model of a naturally aspirated spark-ignition (SI) engine was developed in AVL BOOST for the purpose of this investigation. The vibe two zone combustion model, which is widely used for the mathematical modeling of spark-ignition engines is employed for the numerical analysis of the combustion process. A significant reduction of ~50% in NOx emissions was observed across the engine speed range. However, the port injection of ammonia imposed some negative impacts on engine equivalent BSFC, CO and HC emissions, increasing these parameters by 3%, 30% and 21%, respectively, at the 10% ammonia injection ratio. Additionally, the minimum octane number of primary fuel required to prevent knock was reduced by up to 3.6% by adding ammonia between 5 and 10%. All in all, the injection of ammonia inside a bio-fueled engine could make it robust and produce less NOx, while having some undesirable effects on BSFC, CO and HC emissions.

Experimental and numerical study on the influence of cooled EGR on knock tendency, performance and emissions of a downsized spark-ignition engine

Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 968-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Fabio Bozza ◽  
Vincenzo De Bellis ◽  
Luigi Teodosio ◽  
Gerardo Valentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emissions
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