Study of Low Soot or Soot-Free Leaner Lifted Flame Combustion in a Light Duty Optical Engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1064-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Marie Malbec ◽  
Julian Kashdan
Keyword(s):  
Flame Combustion ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Lifted Flame ◽  
Light Duty

scholarly journals Leaner Lifted-Flame Combustion Enabled by the Use of an Oxygenated Fuel in an Optical CI Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1526-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan K. Gehmlich ◽  
Cosmin E. Dumitrescu ◽  
Yefu Wang ◽  
Charles J. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Flame Combustion ◽  
Lifted Flame ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Ci Engine

Multi-Dimensional Engine Modeling Study of EGR, Fuel Pressure, Post-Injection and Compression Ratio for a Light Duty Diesel Engine

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio L. Almeida ◽  
Philip Zoldak ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Andrzej Sobiesiak ◽  
Pedro T. Lacava
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Droplet Breakup ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Lifted Flame ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Soot Emissions

For copious levels of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) (>30 %), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions can be reduced from Euro V to Euro VI regulated levels at the expense of fuel economy and soot emissions. The Lifted-Flame Concept (LFC) has been demonstrated by several researchers to be successful in reducing NOx, while minimizing soot emissions and impact to fuel economy. By simultaneously applying increased EGR and fuel pressure the LFC extends the lift-off length of a diffusion flame and enhances fuel-air entrainment leading to improved fuel and oxygen utilization. When combined with advanced turbocharging and EGR systems the LFC applied to a modern light duty (LD) diesel engine can result in improved fuel economy and lower soot emissions and shows good potential for meeting low soot engine-out targets. In the proposed paper a computational study was conducted using a multi-dimensional engine model. A modified 3D CFD KIVA code with detailed chemistry solver was used to model the diesel fuel spray, droplet breakup, vaporization, mixing, auto-ignition and subsequent heat release and emissions. The model uses inputs from 1D Amesim electro-hydraulic solver to generate the rate of injection (ROI) profile to raise pressure of 1800 bar to 2500 bar as well as to include a simulated post-injection. A 1D model using GT-Power was developed and utilized to provide air system boundary conditions for the 3D CFD model. Post-processing optimization was conducted using Matlab to identify minimum fuel economy and soot emissions for the study of several parameters. The objective of the study was to demonstrate Euro VI emissions levels on a 3.2 L LD diesel engine without NOx aftertreatment and minimal impact to fuel economy using the lifted flame concept. The engine-out NOx emission level was targeted at 0.4 g/kWh and the soot levels were targeted at 0.2 g/kWh assuming diesel particulate filter would be used for after-treatment. The results of the computational study successfully demonstrate the potential of the lifted flame concept to meet Euro VI without the use of NOx aftertreatment technology.

scholarly journals Piston geometry effects in a light-duty, swirl-supported diesel engine: Flow structure characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1079-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Perini ◽  
Kan Zha ◽  
Stephen Busch ◽  
Eric Kurtz ◽  
Richard C Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Flow Topology ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
Cylinder Flow

This work studied how in-cylinder flow structure is affected in a light-duty, swirl-supported diesel engine when equipped with three different piston geometries: the first two featuring a conventional re-entrant bowl, either with or without valve cut-outs on the piston surface and the third featuring a stepped-lip bowl. Particle image velocimetry experiments were conducted inside an optical engine to measure swirl vortex intensity and structure during the intake and compression strokes. A full computational model of the optical diesel engine was built using the FRESCO code, a recently developed object-oriented parallel computational fluid dynamics platform for engine simulations. The model was first validated against the measured swirl-plane velocity fields, and the simulation convergence for multiple cycles was assessed. Flow topology was studied by addressing bulk flow and turbulence quantities, including swirl structure, squish flux, plus geometric and operating parameters, such as the presence of valve cut-outs on the piston surface, compression ratio and engine speed. The results demonstrated that conventional re-entrant bowls have stronger flow separation at intake, hampering bowl swirl, but higher global swirl than for stepped-lip bowls thanks to a stronger and more axisymmetric squish mechanism and less tilted swirl. Stepped-lip bowls have larger inhomogeneities (tilt and axisymmetry) and higher turbulence levels, but also faster turbulence dissipation toward top dead center. They have weaker squish flux but larger squish inversion momentum as a result of the smaller inertia.

An Investigation of the Engine Combustion Network ‘Spray B’ in a Light Duty Single Cylinder Optical Engine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Garcia-Oliver ◽  
Antonio Garcia ◽  
Ricardo Novella ◽  
Andrés Morales López
Keyword(s):  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Engine Combustion

scholarly journals The influence of charge stratification on the spectral signature of partially premixed combustion in a light-duty optical engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Izadi Najafabadi ◽  
Luc Egelmeers ◽  
Bart Somers ◽  
Niels Deen ◽  
Bengt Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Partially Premixed Combustion ◽  
Partially Premixed

AISI 1141

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Automatic Machine ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
High Production ◽  
Ball Joints ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Abstract AISI 1141 is a resulfurized carbon steel containing nominally 1.50% manganese and 0.08-0.13% sulfur to give it free-machining characteristics. It has relatively low hardenability. Its ductility and toughness are fairly good in the longitudinal direction but tend to be low in the transverse direction. It is highly recommended for high-production automatic-machine products. Among its many uses are screws, bolts, ball joints, spindles and light-duty gears. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-93. Producer or source: Carbon steel mills.

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