Development of an Unbiased Validation Protocol to Assess the Biofidelity of Finite Element Head Models used in Prediction of Traumatic Brain Injury

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Giordano ◽  
Svein Kleiven
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element Head Models

Blast Traumatic Brain Injury Mechanisms

Neurotrauma ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Elizabeth McNeil ◽  
Zachary Bailey ◽  
Allison Guettler ◽  
Pamela VandeVord
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Primary Blast ◽  
Blast Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Biomechanical Investigation

Blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a leading cause of head injury in soldiers returning from the battlefield. Primary blast brain injury remains controversial with little evidence to support a primary mechanism of injury. The four main theories described herein include blast wave transmission through skull orifices, direct cranial transmission, thoracic surge, and skull flexure dynamics. It is possible that these mechanisms do not occur exclusively from each other, but rather that several of them lead to primary blast brain injury. Biomechanical investigation with in-vivo, cadaver, and finite element models would greatly increase our understanding of bTBI mechanisms.

scholarly journals Embedded axonal fiber tracts improve finite element model predictions of traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1109-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Hajiaghamemar ◽  
Taotao Wu ◽  
Matthew B. Panzer ◽  
Susan S. Margulies
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate

AbstractWith the growing rate of traumatic brain injury (TBI), there is an increasing interest in validated tools to predict and prevent brain injuries. Finite element models (FEM) are valuable tools to estimate tissue responses, predict probability of TBI, and guide the development of safety equipment. In this study, we developed and validated an anisotropic pig brain multi-scale FEM by explicitly embedding the axonal tract structures and utilized the model to simulate experimental TBI in piglets undergoing dynamic head rotations. Binary logistic regression, survival analysis with Weibull distribution, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, coupled with repeated k-fold cross-validation technique, were used to examine 12 FEM-derived metrics related to axonal/brain tissue strain and strain rate for predicting the presence or absence of traumatic axonal injury (TAI). All 12 metrics performed well in predicting of TAI with prediction accuracy rate of 73–90%. The axonal-based metrics outperformed their rival brain tissue-based metrics in predicting TAI. The best predictors of TAI were maximum axonal strain times strain rate (MASxSR) and its corresponding optimal fraction-based metric (AF-MASxSR7.5) that represents the fraction of axonal fibers exceeding MASxSR of 7.5 s−1. The thresholds compare favorably with tissue tolerances found in in–vitro/in–vivo measurements in the literature. In addition, the damaged volume fractions (DVF) predicted using the axonal-based metrics, especially MASxSR (DVF = 0.05–4.5%), were closer to the actual DVF obtained from histopathology (AIV = 0.02–1.65%) in comparison with the DVF predicted using the brain-related metrics (DVF = 0.11–41.2%). The methods and the results from this study can be used to improve model prediction of TBI in humans.

A Numerical Study of Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Ground Impact in an SUV-Pedestrian Crash Using Full-Scale Finite Element Models

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsutaka Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
Intrinsic Complexity ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
Ground Impact

A number of studies have worked on traffic injuries or traumas related to pedestrian impacts. However, most of them placed more focuses on traumatic injuries due to primary impact with a striking vehicle rather than those involved in secondary impact with the ground. In this study, a validated, human whole-body, pedestrian finite element model was utilized to investigate the potential risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) relevant to the ground impact as well as primary head strike in an SUV-to-pedestrian collision. By conducting a set of numerical experiments at impact speed of 25 and 40 km/h with pedestrian’s pre-impact, transverse, traveling speed of 1.3 m/s, it was found that ground impact is likely to cause serious TBI even in a low impact speed level. Although the post-impact kinematics and subsequent kinetics were considerably unpredictable due to the intrinsic complexity of pedestrian impact, this finding also suggests that impact speed does not necessarily contribute to the severity of pedestrian TBI involving vehicle with a higher profile. In the future, an effective countermeasure for ground impact should be taken into account to reduce the risk of sustaining serious TBIs in pedestrian crashes.

Investigation of Cross-Species Scaling Methods for Traumatic Brain Injury Using Finite Element Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taotao Wu ◽  
Jacobo Antona-Makoshi ◽  
Ahmed Alshareef ◽  
J. Sebastian Giudice ◽  
Matthew B. Panzer
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Scaling Methods

Simulation of Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury using Finite Element Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Krishnaveni ◽  
D. Dominic Xavier ◽  
R. Sarathkumar ◽  
G. Kavitha ◽  
M. Senbagan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Blast Wave ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
The Brain

Because of increase in threat from militant groups and during war exposure to blast wave from improvised explosive devices, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), a signature injury is on rise worldwide. During blast, the biological system is exposed to a sudden blast over pressure which is several times higher than the ambient pressure causing the damage in the brain. The severity of TBI due to air blast may vary from brief change in mental status or consciousness (termed as mild) to extended period of unconsciousness or memory loss after injuries (termed as severe). The blast wave induced impact on head propagates as shock wave with the broad spectrum of frequencies and stress concentrations in the brain. The primary blast TBI is directly induced by pressure differentials across the skull/fluid/soft tissue interfaces and is further reinforced by the reflected stress waves within the cranial cavity, leading to stress concentrations in certain regions of the brain. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the behaviour of a human brain model subjected to blast wave based on finite element model using LSDYNA code. The parts of a typical human head such as skull, scalp, CSF, brain are modelled using finite element with properties assumed based on available literature. The model is subjected to blast from frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe of the brain. The interaction of the blast wave with the head and subsequent transformation of various forms of shock energy internally have been demonstrated in the human head model. The brain internal pressure levels and the shear stress distribution in the various lobes of the brain such as frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital are determined and presented.

An Analytical Review of the Numerical Methods used for Finite Element Modeling of Traumatic Brain Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1855-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sebastian Giudice ◽  
Wei Zeng ◽  
Taotao Wu ◽  
Ahmed Alshareef ◽  
Daniel F. Shedd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Analytical Review
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