Multiple Injection Strategy Investigation for Well-Mixed Operation in an Optical Wall-Guided Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (WG-SIDI) Engine through Flame Shape Analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Gene Clark ◽  
Sanghoon Kook ◽  
Qing Nian Chan ◽  
Evatt R. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy ◽  
Flame Shape ◽  
Mixed Operation

Effect of Injection Strategy on the Combustion and Exhaust Emissions Characteristics of Biodiesel-Ethanol Blend in a DI Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Yoon ◽  
Jin Woo Hwang ◽  
Hyun Kyu Suh ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy ◽  
Blended Fuel

An experimental investigation was performed on the effect of injection strategy on the combustion, exhaust emissions characteristics and the particle size distribution in a direct-injection (DI) compression ignition engine fueled with biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel. The results obtained from the experiment of the particle distributions for the blended fuel are compared to that of diesel fuel. In addition to the distribution of the particles, exhaust emissions such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and combustion characteristics under different engine operating parameters were investigated. The engine operating parameters in terms of injection timing and injection strategy were varied to investigate the combustion and emission reduction of biodiesel and ethanol blended fuel. The results show that multiple injection strategy of biodiesel-ethanol blended is beneficial to reduce NOx emissions significantly without significant increase of soot emission. In multiple injection strategy, as the first injection mass was increased, the larger size particles were increased, however total numbers of particles were reduced. Biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel reduced particle concentration of relatively large size compared to the particles concentration of ULSD. Moreover, dramatically lower NOx and soot emissions were found at the blend fueled with engine at the same injection condition.

Numerical investigation of soot emission sources in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine based on comprehensive breakup model validation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110475
Author(s):  
Joohan Kim ◽  
Jongwon Chung ◽  
Namho Kim ◽  
Seokwon Cho ◽  
Jaeyeop Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Split Injection ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Particulate Mass ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Breakup Model

Direct injection system is widely adopted in spark-ignition engines to achieve higher thermal efficiency, but it accompanies a penalty in particulate emission, especially when engine is not fully warmed-up. Split injection strategy is known to be an effective measure to reduce engine-out particulate emissions. To better understand the role of split injections, this study aims to analyze the effect of split injection strategy on the sources of soot formation using computational fluid dynamics simulation. To accurately predict changes in particulate mass and number associated with split injection strategy, it is vital that spray models be carefully validated against the experimental data since spray dynamics govern the formation of soot emission sources, such as local fuel-rich mixtures and wall-deposited fuel-films. To this end, a set of spray experiments for free sprays is performed to measure liquid penetration length and droplet size distribution, and hence a comprehensive validation is conducted for spray breakup models. Then, engine simulations are carried out to predict the change in soot sources according to split injection, and the trend of simulation results is compared against the measured engine-out particulate mass and number. Simulation results indicate that breakup model validation using both penetration length and droplet size data is critical for predicting fuel spray dynamics and formation of sources of soot emission. It is also revealed that the piston wetting decreases as the number of injections increases because less amount of fuel is injected when piston is closer to the injector. Lastly, the late evaporation of heavy gasoline components from fuel-film appears to be a significant contributor to soot precursors formation.

Optical Investigation of HCCI Two-Stage Ignition Using Multiple Injection of Synthetic Fuels

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaddaeus Delebinski ◽  
Peter Eckert ◽  
Guenter P. Merker
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Hole Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Optical Investigation ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy

Different synthetic fuels have been investigated within a variety of optical experiments at a rapid compression machine using diverse optical set-ups. The experiments have been carried out to determine the fuel requirements for good homogenisation and a controlled ignition and heat release for HCCI combustion. A directly actuated piezo injection system, which allows a flexible multiple injection strategy has been used to inject the fuel at different times during the compression stroke. Mie-scatter and Schlieren optics have been applied to investigate the different behaviour of the synthetic fuels concerning evaporation and mixture formation. The auto ignition behaviour of the different fuels has been investigated using an intensified relay optics and combustion chamber probes utilising the two-colour-method and a photo multiplier analysis systems. A multiple injection strategy and a 13 hole injection nozzle for HCCI operation mode with diesel-like fuels have been designed and optimised using CFD simulation prior to the experimental work. The experimental results using synthetic fuels will then be used to verify advanced 3D CFD models for multi component fuels and their behaviour concerning mixture formation and HCCI two-stage ignition.

Low End Performance Improvement by Effective Use of Multiple Injection Strategy in Common Rail Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilunath Hareendranath ◽  
Nilesh Gajarlawar ◽  
Murali Manickam ◽  
Ghodke Pundlik
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Black Smoke ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy ◽  
Lower Engine Speed

Main advantages of diesel engine are low fuel consumption coupled with high specific power output. However, benchmark Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) of its counterpart (Gasoline), future stringent emission norms and overall system cost poses tough challenges. In a growing market like India, these benefits of diesel attract the buyer over its counterpart. Diesel engines are known for its heavy visible black smoke. The black smoke formation is more prominent in lower engine speed. This is due to lower injection pressure and the system limitation in conventional injection system and less air availability. Introduction of the common rail injection technology overcomes this difficulty by allowing the injection pressure to build irrespective of the engine speed. However, improving the air flow is a challenge. Generally waste gate turbo chargers are optimized for higher engine speed to match the rated engine performance, but compromising the lower engine speed performance. The use of Variable Geometry turbo charging (VGT), increase in number of valves per cylinder, two stage turbo charging are some of the solutions to this problem but it involves additional cost and fundamental design changes. Hence, it was a challenge to come up with a strategy to overcome this problem without any cost impact. Multiple injection strategy is one of the tools which improve the engine torque without the penalty of smoke. In this paper, a Multi Utility Vehicle (MUV) powered by a 2.5Ldiesel common rail engine, low end performance was effectively improved by this strategy. Current engine has BOSCH 2nd generation common rail system with waste gate Turbocharger. Torque at full load in lower engine speed was improved by introducing the early pilot with relatively higher quantity. However, in the part load, this pilot quantity was split into two successive pilot injections. Selection of pilot separation was optimized in such a way that Noise and Smoke levels are maintained or improved. In part load, improvement in smoke and BSFC was achieved without sacrificing noise level. Engine level trials were conducted with cylinder pressure and Noise Measurement with AVL Indicom. The Concept of Design of experiment (DOE) was used to minimize the number of iteration and for analysis of results. The vehicle performance, pass by noise were found to be improved.

DOE Approach for Optimizing the Combustion Parameters with Multiple Injection Strategy in Light Duty Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotirmoy Barman ◽  
Sumit Arora ◽  
Akhilesh Shukla ◽  
Rizwan Khan ◽  
Ashish Moholkar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy
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