Comparing the Driving Safety Benefits of Brain Fitness Training Programs for Older Drivers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Frank Antin ◽  
Justin Owens ◽  
James Foley ◽  
Kazutoshi Ebe ◽  
Brian Wotring
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Brain Fitness ◽  
Fitness Training

Minding the Gap: Effects of an Attention Maintenance Training Program on Driver Calibration

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082096529
Author(s):  
James Unverricht ◽  
Yusuke Yamani ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
William J. Horrey
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Maintenance Behaviors ◽  
Target Skills

Objective The present study examines the effect of an existing driver training program, FOrward Concentration and Attention Learning (FOCAL) on young drivers’ calibration, drivers’ ability to estimate the length of their in-vehicle glances while driving, using two different measures, normalized difference scores and Brier Scores. Background Young drivers are poor at maintaining attention to the forward roadway while driving a vehicle. Additionally, drivers may overestimate their attention maintenance abilities. Driver training programs such as FOCAL may train target skills such as attention maintenance but also might serve as a promising way to reduce errors in drivers’ calibration of their self-perceived attention maintenance behaviors in comparison to their actual performance. Method Thirty-six participants completed either FOCAL or a Placebo training program, immediately followed by driving simulator evaluations of their attention maintenance performance. In the evaluation drive, participants navigated four driving simulator scenarios during which their eyes were tracked. In each scenario, participants performed a map task on a tablet simulating an in-vehicle infotainment system. Results FOCAL-trained drivers maintained their attention to the forward roadway more and reported better calibration using the normalized difference measure than Placebo-trained drivers. However, the Brier scores did not distinguish the two groups on their calibration. Conclusion The study implies that FOCAL has the potential to improve not only attention maintenance skills but also calibration of the skills for young drivers. Application Driver training programs may be designed to train not only targeted higher cognitive skills but also driver calibration—both critical for driving safety in young drivers.

scholarly journals Association between Crash Attributes and Drivers’ Crash Involvement: A Study Based on Police-Reported Crash Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9020
Author(s):  
Guofa Li ◽  
Weijian Lai ◽  
Xingda Qu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Imbalance Problem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Crash Types ◽  
Safety Enhancement

Understanding the association between crash attributes and drivers’ crash involvement in different types of crashes can help figure out the causation of crashes. The aim of this study was to examine the involvement in different types of crashes for drivers from different age groups, by using the police-reported crash data from 2014 to 2016 in Shenzhen, China. A synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) together with edited nearest neighbors (ENN) were used to solve the data imbalance problem caused by the lack of crash records of older drivers. Logistic regression was utilized to estimate the probability of a certain type of crashes, and odds ratios that were calculated based on the logistic regression results were used to quantify the association between crash attributes and drivers’ crash involvement in different types of crashes. Results showed that drivers’ involvement patterns in different crash types were affected by different factors, and the involvement patterns differed among the examined age groups. Knowledge generated from the present study could help improve the development of countermeasures for driving safety enhancement.

Driving safety improves after individualized training: An RCT involving older drivers in an urban area

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gagnon ◽  
A. Stinchcombe ◽  
M. Curtis ◽  
M. Kateb ◽  
J. Polgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Individualized Training

Personal and Clinical Factors Associated with Older Drivers’ Self-Awareness of Driving Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Chen ◽  
Isabelle Gélinas ◽  
Barbara Mazer ◽  
Anita Myers ◽  
Brenda Vrkljan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Motor Processing ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Trail Making

ABSTRACT Most older adults perceive themselves as good drivers; however, their perception may not be accurate, and could negatively affect their driving safety. This study examined the accuracy of older drivers’ self-awareness of driving ability in their everyday driving environment by determining the concordance between the perceived (assessed by the Perceived Driving Ability [PDA] questionnaire) and actual (assessed by electronic Driving Observation Schedule [eDOS]) driving performance. One hundred and eight older drivers (male: 67.6%; age: mean = 80.6 years, standard deviation [SD] = 4.9 years) who participated in the study were classified into three groups: underestimation (19%), accurate estimation (29%), and overestimation (53%). Using the demographic and clinical functioning information collected in the Candrive annual assessments, an ordinal regression showed that two factors were related to the accuracy of self-awareness: older drivers with better visuo-motor processing speed measured by the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A and fewer self-reported comorbid conditions tended to overestimate their driving ability, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Motivation of University Students in Participating in Physical Fitness Training Programs

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
David MAK ◽  
Kit Wan Judy NG IP
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fitness Training

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to examine the intrinsic motivation of University students in pursuing physical fitness training programs. 224 university undergraduate students (81 males and 143 females) who participated voluntarily in fitness training courses were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete a 7-item questionnaire to find out their intrinsic motivation of participating in the fitness training programs. Ratings of the questionnaire range from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The motivation factors were ranked according to their mean scores. It was found that "to keep fit and strong" was top of the list, followed by "to improve health" and "to improve outlook". The implications of the rank order were discussed in the paper. Factor analysis of the motivation factors showed that there were two sub-factor components: physical factor and social factor. The reliability coefficients of the factors were 0.58 and 0.83 respectively. One way ANOVA results showed that significant difference was only found between genders in relation to the social factor. Social factor was seen to be a more important motivating factor in female participants of physical fitness training programs.本文旨在研究大學生參加健身訓練課程的內發動機。共有二百二十四名大學本科生自願參加這個研究，他們在參加課程後填寫一份有七條題目的問卷。問卷答案幅度由一(強烈反對)至五(強烈贊成)。動機因素方面以平均值去排列等級。結果顯示"保持身體強健"居於首位，跟著的是"改善健康"和"改善外表"。文中亦提及排列等級結果的含意。因子分析結果指出問卷內容有兩個次組合："體質"和"社交"。它們的信度係數分別是0.58和0.83。單向方差分析法表示"性別"和"社交"有顯著差異。"社交"被認為是女性參加健身訓練課程的一個重要內發動機。

Effect of Visual and Auditory Alerts on Older Drivers’ Glances toward Latent Hazards while Turning Left at Intersections

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Sarah Bakhtiari ◽  
Tingru Zhang ◽  
Tracy Zafian ◽  
Siby Samuel ◽  
Michael Knodler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Require Time ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Simulator Study ◽  
Auditory Alerts ◽  
Hazard Warning

Older drivers are known to make significantly fewer glances toward hazards that are hidden from view (latent hazards) than middle-aged drivers. This is especially true when the driver is making a left turn at an intersection at that critical point in the turn immediately after the driver enters the intersection. This has led to the development of training programs that can increase the frequency of these glances toward latent hazards at intersections. However, training programs can require time and money that many older adults may not have. Advances in machine vision and vehicle-to-vehicle communications technologies make possible the use of alerts that warn older drivers of the location of latent hazards at intersections. This driving simulator study investigates the effect of auditory and visual warning alerts on older drivers’ primary (before entering the intersection) and secondary (just after entering the intersection) glance behavior when making a left turn at an intersection. In a between-subjects design, forty older drivers navigated eight unique scenarios containing latent hazards either in the presence or in the absence of combined auditory and visual hazard warning alerts. The results showed that older drivers anticipated a significantly greater proportion of latent hazards in the presence of warning alerts both before they enter the intersection and after they enter the intersection. The results of this study suggest that a combination of auditory and visual alerts may be effective at improving older drivers’ glance behavior while making left turns at intersections.

Use of Video Intervention to Increase Elders’ Awareness of Low-Cost Vehicle Modifications that Enhance Driving Safety and Comfort

2005 ◽  
Vol 1922 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina M. Silverstein ◽  
Alison S. Gottlieb ◽  
Elizabeth Van Ranst
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Video Intervention ◽  
On The Road

Use of vehicle modifications might enable older drivers to stay on the road safely and provide a more gradual pathway between driving and driving cessation. Although adaptive features for automobiles have long been known by the disabilities community, they have not been well known by professionals in the network of aging programs and services or by elders themselves. This study examined the use of a video intervention to increase elders’ awareness of low-tech vehicle features. It was hypothesized that participants would have an increased awareness after viewing a video and would take steps toward using the features. The 23–min video was shown to 157 drivers age 70+ at seven Councils on Aging and senior centers in Massachusetts. The median age was 79, and 11% were age 85 and older. The participants completed pre- and postvideo questionnaires, and 127 of the participants (81%) were surveyed by phone approximately 2 months later. Familiarity significantly increased for 10 of 13 demonstrated features. On average, participants had taken two of five follow-up steps: 85% had read handouts, 63% had discussed features with family or friends, 20% had looked for features in stores or on the Internet, 9% had tried features, and only 2% had contacted a professional. Eleven percent of the telephone interviewees had purchased features. The video served the intended purpose of increasing awareness of vehicle modifications. Although some change was noted, 2 months may not have been sufficient time to observe change for the majority of the participants. Moreover, it is not known to what extent the participants may draw on this knowledge in the future, if and when they perceive a more direct need.

scholarly journals EDUCATION AND TRAINING ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION SYSTEMS’ IMPACT ON OLDER DRIVER PERFORMANCE AND TRAINING TO OVERCOME UNFAMILIARITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S665-S665
Author(s):  
Anne E Dickerson ◽  
F Dennis Thomas ◽  
Lindsay Graham ◽  
M Chandler Coleman ◽  
Richard Blomberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Hands On ◽  
And Training

Abstract Technology may assist older adults in improving their driving performance and therefore driving safety. However, it is sometimes a distraction and some older adults avoid its use due to the complexity of learning the systems. This study examined how older drivers interacted with an electronic navigation system (e.g., GPS) and the extent to which it impacted driving performance on unfamiliar routes. It also examined three approaches to training older adults how to program the devices. In Phase 1, 80 older drivers navigated unfamiliar routes using a GPS or paper directions and completed destination entry tasks. In Phase 2, 60 older drivers completed one of three training conditions (video, video with hands-on, placebo) to examine the impacts of training on destination entry performance. Driving performance was improved with GPS over paper directions (p = .025), as evaluated by a driver rehabilitation specialized on counterbalanced standardized routes. Analyses also showed significant effects for familiarity for use of GPS (p=.035) and age group (60’s versus 70’s) (p<.001), but many drivers had difficulty entering destinations. In Phase 2, a main effect of training was found (p=.02) with using video and one-on-one training showing the best performance. This study demonstrates older drivers could benefit from the use of such devices when driving to unfamiliar destinations, but training is needed with hands-on training with a live instructor being the best.

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