Comparative Analysis of Internal Combustion Engine and Fuel Cell Range Extender

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Chubbock ◽  
Ralph Clague
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Range Extender ◽  
Cell Range

Comparative analysis between a PEM fuel cell and an internal combustion engine driving an electricity generator: Technical, economical and ecological aspects

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcia Bollini Braga ◽  
Jose Luz Silveira ◽  
Marcio Evaristo da Silva ◽  
Einara Blanco Machin ◽  
Daniel Travieso Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Ecological Aspects

scholarly journals Intelligent Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxiao Wu ◽  
Jin Ren ◽  
Huw Davies ◽  
Jinlei Shang ◽  
Olivier Haas
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Range Extender ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Cell Range

Road transport is recognized as having a negative impact on the environment. Policy has focused on replacement of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with less polluting forms of technology, including battery electric and fuel cell electric powertrains. However, progress is slow and both battery and fuel cell based vehicles face considerable commercialization challenges. To understand these challenges, a review of current electric battery and fuel cell electric technologies is presented. Based on this review, this paper proposes a battery electric vehicle (BEV) where components are sized to take into account the majority of user requirements, with the remainder catered for by a trailer-based demountable intelligent fuel cell range extender. The proposed design can extend the range by more than 50% for small BEVs and 25% for large BEVs (the extended range of vehicles over 250 miles), reducing cost and increasing efficiency for the BEV. It enables BEV manufacturers to design their vehicle battery for the most common journeys, decreases charging time to provide convenience and flexibility to the drivers. Adopting a rent and drop business model reduces the demand on the raw materials, bridging the gap in the amount of charging (refueling) stations, and extending the lifespan for the battery pack.

Integrated Anaerobic Digester and Fuel Cell Power Generation System for Community Use

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Ryan Milcarek ◽  
Jeongmin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Power System ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
New York State ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Optimal Performance

New York State is expected to experience future population growth that is increasingly concentrated in urban areas, where there is already a heavy burden on the existing energy, water and waste management infrastructure. To meet aggressive environmental standards (such as that established by the State’s “80x50” goal), future electrical power capacity must produce substantially fewer greenhouse gas emissions than currently generated by coal- or natural gas-fired power plants. Currently, biogas is combusted to produce heat and electricity via an internal combustion engine generator set. A conventional internal combustion engine generator set is 22–45 % efficient in converting methane to electricity, thus wasting 65–78 % of the biogas energy content unless the lower temperature heat can be recovered. Fuel cells, on the other hand, are 40–60 % efficient in converting methane to electrical energy, and 80–90 % efficient for cogeneration if heat (> 400 °C) is recovered and utilized for heating and cooling in the community power system. This current research studies the feasibility of a community biomass-to-electricity power system which offers significant environmental, economic and resilience improvements over centrally-generated energy, with the additional benefit of reducing or eliminating disposal costs associated with landfills and publicly-owned treatment works (POTWs). Flame Fuel Cell (FFC) performance was investigated while modifying biogas content and fuel flow rate. A maximum power density peak at 748 mWcm-2 and an OCV of 0.856 V was achieved. It should be noted that the performance obtained with the model biofuel is comparable to the performances of direct methane fueled DC-SOFC and SC-SOFC. The common trends also concluded an acceptable range for optimal performance. Although the methane to CO2 ratios of 3:7 and 2:8 produced power, they are not the strongest ratios to have optimal performance, meaning that operation should stay between the 6:4/4:6 ratio range. Lastly, the amount of air added to the biogas mixture is crucial to achieving the optimal performance of the cell. The data obtained confirmed the feasibility of a biofuel driven fuel cell CHP device capable of achieving higher efficiency than existing technologies. The significant power output produced from the sustainable biogas composition is competitive with current hydrocarbon fuel sources. This idea can be expanded for a community waste management infrastructure.

Mixed combustion–electrochemical energy conversion for high-efficiency, transportation-scale engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 701-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R Fyffe ◽  
Mark A Donohue ◽  
Maria C Regalbuto ◽  
Chris F Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Conversion ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

This article discusses an approach to exceeding current peak exergy efficiencies of approximately 50% for transportation-scale engines. A detailed model was developed for an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell, where the internal combustion engine is operated under fuel-rich conditions to produce a hydrogen-rich exhaust gas as a fuel for the fuel cell. The strategy of using combustion and electrochemical energy conversion processes has been shown to reduce reaction-related exergy losses while providing the balance of plant necessary to achieve efficient thermal management. Prior approaches which used internal combustion engines downstream of the fuel cell have shown exergy efficiencies near 70%. The system architecture developed for this article, in addition to achieving exergy efficiencies near 70%, provides further advantages. The internal combustion engine, producing work in addition to generating synthesis gas, enables a quick-start approach to this mixed strategy and the ability to use a range of fuels. Therefore, the proposed architecture supplies a very efficient starting point for the development of a quick-start, hybridized system for transportation-scale applications.

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