On the Potential of Oxygenated Fuels as an Additional Degree of Freedom in the Mixture Formation in Direct Injection Diesel Engines

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Graziano ◽  
Florian Kremer ◽  
Stefan Pischinger ◽  
Karl Alexander Heufer ◽  
Hans Rohs
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Oxygenated Fuels

Effect of n-heptane and n-decane on exhaust odour in direct injection diesel engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Roy
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Incomplete Combustion

This study investigated the effect of n-heptane and n-decane on exhaust odour in direct injection (DI) diesel engines. The prospect of these alternative fuels to reduce wall adherence and overleaning, major sources of incomplete combustion, as well as odorous emissions has been investigated. The n-heptane was tested as a low boiling point fuel that can improve evaporation as well as wall adherence. However, the odour is a little worse with n-heptane and blends than that of diesel fuel due to overleaning of the mixture. Also, formaldehyde (HCHO) and total hydrocarbon (THC) in the exhaust increase with increasing n-heptane content. The n-decane was tested as a fuel with a high cetane number that can improve ignition delay, which has a direct effect on wall adherence and overleaning. However, with n-decane and blends, the odour rating is about 0.5-1 point lower than for diesel fuel. Moreover, the aldehydes and THC are significantly reduced. This is due to less wall adherence and proper mixture formation.

Limitations of Sector Mesh Geometry and Initial Conditions to Model Flow and Mixture Formation in Direct-Injection Diesel Engines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Perini ◽  
Stephen Busch ◽  
Eric Kurtz ◽  
Alok Warey ◽  
Richard C. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Model Flow

Fuel design concept for improving the spray characteristics and emissions of diesel engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Cai Lü ◽  
Wu-Gao Zhang ◽  
Xin-Qi Qiao ◽  
Zhen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Oxygenated Additives ◽  
Fuel Design ◽  
Oxygenated Fuels

This work investigated the improvement of spray characteristics and exhaust emissions of diesel engines by reformulating the fuel compounds and physicochemical parameters. Three oxygenated fuels, including ethanol, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and dimethoxymethane (DMM), were mixed with diesel. Basic properties directly related to engine parameters and those characterizing fuel quality were investigated. A laser phase Doppler anemometry analyser was applied to obtain the spray characteristics, including the Sauter mean diameter and axial mean velocity distribution, of DMM-diesel hybrid fuels. Furthermore, engine tests of oxygenated hybrid fuels were performed on a four-cylinder water-cooled high-speed direct injection diesel engine. The results show that the evaporation properties and the fuel transportation parameters could be optimized using hybrid fuel, and the engine behaviour seemed to be improved in the presence of oxygenated additives with a reduction in pollutant emissions in exhaust gas.

Experimental Validation for Control-Oriented Modeling of Multi-Cylinder HCCI Diesel Engines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Canova ◽  
Shawn Midlam-Mohler ◽  
Yann Guezennec ◽  
Giorgio Rizzoni ◽  
Luca Garzarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Hcci Combustion

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a combustion process based on a lean, homogeneous, premixed charge reacting and burning uniformly throughout the mixture volume. This principle leads to a consistent decrease in NOx and PM emissions, while the combustion efficiency remains comparable to traditional Compression Ignition Direct Injection (CIDI) engines at low and mid-load operations. However, understanding and controlling the combustion process is still extremely difficult, as well as finding a proper method for the fuel introduction. A viable method consists of premixing the charge by applying a proper fuel atomization device in the intake port, thus decoupling the HCCI mixture formation from the traditional in-cylinder injection. This avoids the traditional drawbacks associated to external Diesel mixture preparation, such as high intake heating, low compression ratio, wall wetting, and soot formation. The system, previously developed and tested on a single-cylinder engine, has been successfully applied to multi-cylinder Diesel engine for automotive applications. Building on previous modeling and experimental work, the paper reports a detailed experimental analysis of HCCI combustion with external mixture formation. In the considered testing setup, the fuel atomizer has been applied to a four-cylinder turbo-charged Common Rail Diesel engine equipped with a cooled EGR system. In order to extend the knowledge on the process and to provide a large base of data for the identification of Control-Oriented Models, Diesel-fueled HCCI combustion has been characterized over different values of loads, EGR dilution and boost pressures. The data collected were then used for the validation of a HCCI Diesel engine model that was previously built for steady state and transient simulation and for control purposes. The experimental results obtained, especially considering the emission levels and efficiency, suggest that the technology developed for external mixture formation is a feasible upgrade for automotive Diesel engines without introducing additional design efforts or constraints on the DI combustion and injection system.

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