Advanced Ceramic Wall Flow Filter for Reduction of Particulate Number Emission of Direct Injection Gasoline Engines

The onset and development of cavitation in the annular needle seat passage of piezo-driven outward-opening pintle injector nozzles used with spray-guided direct-injection gasoline engines are studied using a Eulerian-Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics cavitation model. Cavitation is formed because of the fluid acceleration taking place at the needle sealing area and it has been found to be affected by its geometric details. Various submodels for nucleation and bubble formation, further bubble growth and collapse, as well as bubble break-up and transport are incorporated into the model. Qualitative model validation is performed against experimental data reported elsewhere in large-scale nozzle replicas, showing similar cavitation patterns to be formed. These consist of vapour pockets rather than a continuous vapour film and develop transiently in a rather chaotic manner around the circumferential needle sealing area, even under stationary geometry and fixed-flowrate conditions. Further transient effects associated with the fast opening and closing of the piezo-controlled needle valve are also presented.

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Cavitation in Fuel Injection Systems for Spray-Guided Direct Injection Gasoline Engines

10.4271/2007-01-1418 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

D. Papoulias ◽

E. Giannadakis ◽

N. Mitroglou ◽

M. Gavaises ◽

A. Theodorakakos

Keyword(s):

Fuel Injection ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Gasoline Engines

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Effects of second injection timing on combustion characteristics of the spark ignition direct injection gasoline engines with dimethyl ether enrichment in the intake port

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. 10-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lei Shi ◽

Changwei Ji ◽

Shuofeng Wang ◽

Teng Su ◽

Xiaoyu Cong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dimethyl Ether ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Spark Ignition ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Injection Timing ◽

Intake Port ◽

Gasoline Engines

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Flow and Spray Investigation in Direct Injection Gasoline Engines

10.4271/2002-01-0832 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Karaiskos ◽

C. Arcoumanis ◽

T. Hale

Keyword(s):

Direct Injection ◽

Gasoline Engines

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Spray Atomization Study on Multi-Hole Nozzle for Direct Injection Gasoline Engines

10.4271/2013-01-1596 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Motoyuki Abe ◽

Ehara Hideharu ◽

Soma Masahiro ◽

Tohru Ishikawa

Keyword(s):

Direct Injection ◽

Spray Atomization ◽

Gasoline Engines

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Nanostructured Equimolar Ceria-Praseodymia for Total Oxidations in Low-O2 Conditions

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10020165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Enrico Sartoretti ◽

Fabio Martini ◽

Marco Piumetti ◽

Samir Bensaid ◽

Nunzio Russo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Oxygen Deficiency ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Particulate Filter ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Total Oxidation ◽

Gasoline Engines ◽

Gasoline Particulate Filter ◽

Complementary Techniques ◽

Temperature Programmed

A Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) can be an effective solution to abate the particulate matter produced in modern direct injection gasoline engines. The regeneration of this system is critical, since it occurs in oxygen deficiency, but it can be promoted by placing an appropriate catalyst on the filter walls. In this paper, a nanostructured equimolar ceria-praseodymia catalyst, obtained via hydrothermal synthesis, was characterized with complementary techniques (XRD, N2-physisorption, FESEM, XPS, Temperature Programmed Reduction, etc.) and its catalytic performances were investigated in low oxygen availability. Pr-doping significantly affected ceria structure and morphology, and the weakening of the cerium–oxygen bond associated to Pr insertion resulted in a high reducibility. The catalytic activity was explored considering different reactions, namely CO oxidation, ethylene and propylene total oxidation, and soot combustion. Thanks to its capability of releasing active oxygen species, ceria-praseodymia exhibited a remarkable activity and CO2-selectivity at low oxygen concentrations, proving to be a promising catalyst for coated GPFs.

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