“OptiVent” - A New Approach for Controlling Mass Air Flow and Combustion in Direct Injection SI-Engines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Getzlaff ◽  
Thomas Lambert ◽  
Karl Heinz Hoffman ◽  
Andreas Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Si Engines

Mapping the combustion modes of a dual-fuel compression ignition engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110183
Author(s):  
Jonathan Martin ◽  
André Boehman
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Modes ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Dual Fuel Combustion ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Ci Engines

Compression-ignition (CI) engines can produce higher thermal efficiency (TE) and thus lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions than spark-ignition (SI) engines. Unfortunately, the overall fuel economy of CI engine vehicles is limited by their emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot, which must be mitigated with costly, resource- and energy-intensive aftertreatment. NOx and soot could also be mitigated by adding premixed gasoline to complement the conventional, non-premixed direct injection (DI) of diesel fuel in CI engines. Several such “dual-fuel” combustion modes have been introduced in recent years, but these modes are usually studied individually at discrete conditions. This paper introduces a mapping system for dual-fuel CI modes that links together several previously studied modes across a continuous two-dimensional diagram. This system includes the conventional diesel combustion (CDC) and conventional dual-fuel (CDF) modes; the well-explored advanced combustion modes of HCCI, RCCI, PCCI, and PPCI; and a previously discovered but relatively unexplored combustion mode that is herein titled “Piston-split Dual-Fuel Combustion” or PDFC. Tests show that dual-fuel CI engines can simultaneously increase TE and lower NOx and/or soot emissions at high loads through the use of Partial HCCI (PHCCI). At low loads, PHCCI is not possible, but either PDFC or RCCI can be used to further improve NOx and/or soot emissions, albeit at slightly lower TE. These results lead to a “partial dual-fuel” multi-mode strategy of PHCCI at high loads and CDC at low loads, linked together by PDFC. Drive cycle simulations show that this strategy, when tuned to balance NOx and soot reductions, can reduce engine-out CO2 emissions by about 1% while reducing NOx and soot by about 20% each with respect to CDC. This increases emissions of unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC), still in a treatable range (2.0 g/kWh) but five times as high as CDC, requiring changes in aftertreatment strategy.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Relationship between Super-Knock and Misfires in an SI GDI Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Jian Gao ◽  
Anren Yao ◽  
Yeyi Zhang ◽  
Guofan Qu ◽  
Chunde Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Exhaust Valve ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Pressure Transducers ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Gdi Engine ◽  
The Relationship

The super-knock poses new challenges for further increasing the power density of spark ignition (SI) engines. The critical factors and mechanism connecting regarding the occurrence of super-knock are still unclear. Misfire is a common phenomenon in SI engines that the mixture in cylinder is not ignited normally, which is often caused by spark plug failure. However, the effect of misfire on engine combustion has not been paid enough attention to, particularly regarding connection to super-knock. The paper presents the results of experimental investigation into the relationship between super-knock and misfires at low speed and full load conditions. In this work, a boosted gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine with an exhaust manifold integrated in the cylinder head was employed. Four piezoelectric pressure transducers were used to acquire the data of a pressure trace in cylinder. The spark plugs of four cylinders were controlled manually, of which the ignition system could be cut off as demanded. In particular, a piezoelectric pressure transducer was installed at the exhaust pipe before the turbocharger to capture the pressure traces in the exhaust pipe. The results illustrated that misfires in one cylinder would cause super-knock in the other cylinders as well as the cylinder of itself. After one cylinder misfired, the unburned mixture would burn in the exhaust pipe to produce oscillating waves. The abnormal pressure fluctuation in the exhaust pipe was strongly correlated with the occurrence of super-knock. The sharper the pressure fluctuation, the greater the intensity of knock in the power cylinder. The cylinder whose exhaust valve overlapped with the exhaust valve of the misfired cylinder was prone to super-knock.

Mass-Related Properties of Atomizers for Direct-Injection SI Engines

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Hoffman ◽  
Farhan Khatri ◽  
Jay K. Martin ◽  
Sam W. Coates
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Si Engines

A New Approach for Ignition Timing Correction in Spark Ignition Engines Based on Cylinder Tendency to Surface Ignition

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghanaati ◽  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Intan Zaurah Mat Darus ◽  
Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Surface Ignition ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

The performance of Spark Ignition (SI) engines in terms of thermal efficiency can be restricted by knock. Although it is common for all SI engines to exhibit knock from compressed end-gas, knocks from surface ignition remains a more serious problem due to its effect on combustion stability and its obscurity to detect. This paper focuses on predicting the occurrence of knocks from surface ignition by monitoring exhaust gas temperature (EGT). EGT measured during an engine cycle without the spark plug firing. Therefore, EGT rises illustrated any combustion made by surface ignition. Modelling and simulation of a one-dimensional engine combustion done by using GT-Power. The new approach reduces the complexity as EGT monitoring does not require high computational demands, and the EGT signals are robust to noise. The method is validated against a variety of fuel properties and across engine conditions. A new approach is proposed as a measure to predict and detect the knock events.

scholarly journals Phenomenological model for determining velocity field of LPG jet in combustion chamber of direct injection S.I. engine

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Bui Van Ga ◽  
Phung Xuan Tho ◽  
Nhan Hong Quang ◽  
Nguyen Huu Huong
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Stratified Combustion

A phenomenological model has been established to predict the velocity distribution of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) jet in combustion chamber of spark ignition (SI) engine. A shaped coefficient \(\beta\) governing the similarity of velocity profiles of LPG jets has been defined based on the theoretical and experimental analyses of turbulent diffusion jets. The results show that \(\beta\) is constant for steady jet but it is not the case for unsteady one. The model will enable us to calculate the velocity profiles of LPG jet after ending injection. This is necessary for research of stratified combustion in direct injection LPG SI engines.

Potentials of a mechanical fully variable valve actuation at boosted SI engines with Direct Injection

MTZ worldwide ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Rudolf Flierl ◽  
Mark Paulov ◽  
Stephan Schmitt ◽  
Fatih Sarikoc ◽  
Ulrich Spicher
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Variable Valve Actuation ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Variable Valve ◽  
Valve Actuation

Design and Test of a Hands-Free Tracheostoma Valve to Improve the Rehabilitation Process after Laryngectomy

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Verkerke ◽  
A. Veenstra ◽  
H.K. Schutte ◽  
I.F. Herrmann ◽  
G. Rakhorst
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Manual Control ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
New Approach

The surgical treatment of throat cancer often requires total laryngectomy. The necessary tracheostoma attracts attention, especially during speech, when one must close it manually to force air into the esophagus. To avoid this manual control, several devices have been developed. These must be placed in or around the tracheostoma and possess a valve which closes with a large air flow value. Most devices have a major drawback; coughing calls for manual adaptation, which again attracts attention. A new hands-free tracheostoma valve has been developed. The device consists of two magnetic valves, one which closes the outflow to allow speech, and one which opens to cough. Prototypes were tested in a physical model. Air flow resistance and closing pressures of the speech valve proved to be comparable to those of existing devices. Patients were enthusiastic about the new approach, even though air leakage sometimes occurred.

Mixture Preparation for Direct-Injection SI Engines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ohsuga ◽  
T. Shiraishi ◽  
T. Nogi ◽  
Y. Nakayama ◽  
Y. Sukegawa
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Mixture Preparation ◽  
Si Engines
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