Diesel Fuel Injector Design Optimization Using CFD and 1D Simulation

The necessity of adapting diesel engines to work on vegetable oils is justified. The possibility of using rapeseed oil and its mixtures with petroleum diesel fuel as motor fuels is considered. Experimental studies of fuel injection of small high-speed diesel engine type MD-6 (1 Ch 8,0/7,5)when using diesel oil and rapeseed oil and computational studies of auto-tractor diesel engine type D-245.12 (1 ChN 11/12,5), working on blends of petroleum diesel fuel and rapeseed oil. When switching autotractor diesel engine from diesel fuel to rapeseed oil in the full-fuel mode, the mass cycle fuel supply increased by 12 %, and in the small-size high-speed diesel engine – by about 27 %. From the point of view of the flow of the working process of these diesel engines, changes in other parameters of the fuel injection process are less significant. Keywords diesel engine; petroleum diesel fuel; vegetable oil; rapeseed oil; high pressure fuel pump; fuel injector; sprayer

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Characterization of Spray Formed by Diesel-Water Mixture Jet Injected Into an Air Crossflow

Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions ◽

10.1115/gt2017-64939 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jinkwan Song ◽

Jong Guen Lee

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Drop Size ◽

Pure Water ◽

Fuel Mixture ◽

Water Mixture ◽

Fuel Injector ◽

Spray Characteristics ◽

Two Fluids ◽

Mixing Ratios ◽

Fuel Mixtures

Using a mixture of water and diesel fuel is considered a way to reduce gas emissions including NOx and COx in the gas turbine. This paper presents experimental results on spray characteristics of the water-diesel fuel mixture in an air crossflow. A plain-orifice type injector of 0.508 mm in diameter is employed in the research. Pure water, pure diesel fuel, and water-diesel fuel mixtures with different mixing ratios are used to compare their spray characteristics. In order to observe spray behaviors in different breakup regimes, Weber numbers for water of 30 and 125 are chosen as the operating condition and the corresponding Weber numbers for diesel fuel at the same conditions are 92 and 382, respectively. Momentum flux ratios are 10 and 20. A tee connection and a subsequent static mixer are employed at upstream of fuel injector to mix two liquids. Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) measurement is performed to measure droplet distributions and mean drop size at various mixture ratios, and planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique with dyeing either diesel or water is used to look into the primary breakup process. PDPA data show that the spray characteristics of water-diesel fuel mixtures such as mean drop size and number density distribution can be predicted from the measured drop size distribution of pure fluids by weighting those quantities by mass fraction of each fluid, indicating that the water and diesel are injected alternately without significant mixing between the two fluids. A short transition of liquid flow from water-to-diesel or diesel-to-water produces small fraction of relatively bigger droplets.

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OPTIMIZED FUEL INJECTOR DESIGN FOR MAXIMUM IN-FURNACE NOx REDUCTION AND MINIMUM UNBURNED CARBON

10.2172/7176 ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

A F SAROFIM ◽

R LISAUSKAS ◽

D RILEY ◽

E G EDDINGS ◽

J BROUWER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nox Reduction ◽

Unburned Carbon ◽

Fuel Injector ◽

Injector Design

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Parametric study of combustion characteristics in a direct-injection diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with a low-pressurefuel injector

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1243/146808705x7392 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 215-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Y Ra ◽

E J Hruby ◽

R D Reitz

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulations ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Fuel Injector ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Homogeneous Charge

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion is an alternative to current engine combustion systems and is used as a method to reduce emissions. It has the potential nearly to eliminate engine-out NOx emissions while producing diesel-like engine efficiencies, when a premixture of gas-phase fuel and air is burned spontaneously and entirely by an autoignition process. However, when direct injection is used for diesel fuel mixture preparation in engines, the complex in-cylinder flow field and limited mixing times may result in inhomogeneity of the charge. Thus, in order to minimize non-uniformity of the charge, early injection of the fuel is desirable. However, when fuel is injected during the intake or early compression stroke, the use of high-pressure injection is limited by the relatively low in-cylinder gas pressure because of spray impingement on the cylinder walls. Thus, it is also of interest to consider low-pressure injectors as an alternative. In the present paper, the parametric behaviour of the combustion characteristics in an HCCI engine operated with a low-pressure fuel injector were investigated through numerical simulations and engine experiments. Parameters including the start-of-injection (SOI) timing and exhaust gas recirculation were considered, and diesel and n-heptane fuels were used. The results show good agreement of behaviour trends between the experiments and the numerical simulations. With its lower vaporization rates, significant effects of the SOI timing and intake gas temperature were seen for diesel fuel due to the formation of wall films. The modelling results also explained the origin of high-temperature NO x-producing regions due to the effect of the gas density on the spray.

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