A Computational Study to Determine the Severity of Injuries in the Driver of Passenger Car and Sport Utility Vehicle Due to Rollover Accidents

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Utility Vehicle

Legibility of Overhead Guide Signs with Encapsulated Versus Microprismatic Retroreflective Sheeting

2003 ◽  
Vol 1844 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Carlson ◽  
Gene Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Late Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transportation Agencies ◽  
Utility Vehicle

A study was conducted to determine the legibility impacts of freeway guide signs when encapsulated retroreflective sheeting is replaced with microprismatic retroreflective sheeting. The study included freeway guide signs mounted in an overhead position and exclusively illuminated with vehicle headlamps. A total of 60 subjects divided into three age groups participated in this nighttime study. All 60 subjects drove two vehicles, a modern sport utility vehicle (SUV) and a late-model passenger car. The findings show that microprismatic sheeting does provide statistically longer legibility distances than encapsulated sheeting. Overall, the improvement was 53 ft, or 9.5%. However, for the modern SUV, the improvement was much greater (78 ft) compared with the late-model passenger car (28 ft). The main differences are related to the evolution of vehicle design and specifications. Today’s United States citizens prefer large vehicles such as an SUV, pickup, and minivan. These vehicles also meet recently revised headlamp specifications. These two issues inherently reduce the amount of headlamp light retroreflected from the sign back to the driver. Unfortunately, these counterproductive trends show signs of continuing. Considering the increasing proportion of older drivers in the United States, it becomes even more critical that transportation agencies do all they can to increase overhead-sign luminance. The findings show that increasing overhead-sign luminance by switching from encapsulated retroreflective sheeting to microprismatic retro-reflective sheeting results in significantly longer legibility distances. The magnitude of the difference will continue to increase as long as the SUV-like proportion of the U.S. fleet continues to grow and headlamp specifications continue to direct less light toward overhead signs.

Assessment of NCHRP Report 350 Test Vehicles

2002 ◽  
Vol 1797 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
King K. Mak ◽  
Roger P. Bligh
Keyword(s):  
Potential Problem ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Pickup Truck ◽  
Current Test ◽  
Entire Vehicle ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Utility Vehicle

The appropriateness of test vehicles specified in NCHRP Report 350 was assessed, including ( a) whether the 2000-kg, three-quarter-ton pickup truck should continue to be used as a test vehicle, and if not, what replacement vehicle would be appropriate; ( b) whether the 820-kg passenger car should continue to be used as a test vehicle, and if not, what replacement vehicle would be appropriate; and ( c) whether another test vehicle should be added to the matrix—for example, an intermediate-sized passenger car. From the analysis, the following conclusions and recommendations were drawn: ( a) The three-quarter-ton pickup truck appears to be a good surrogate for the light truck subclasses. The recommendation is to keep the 2000-kg, three-quarter-ton pickup truck as one of the design test vehicles in the update of the guidelines for NCHRP Report 350. ( b) A potential problem is the availability of three-quarter-ton pickup trucks with standard cabs. An alternative design test vehicle may be an intermediate-sized sport utility vehicle, ( c) The availability of the 820-kg passenger car design test vehicle will be a problem within the next few years. The recommendation is to keep the current test vehicle as long as it is still readily available, or until the NCHRP Report 350 guidelines are updated, and to increase the curb weight to a level consistent with the curb weights of the two smallest passenger cars with reasonably high sales volume. ( d) The addition of a third design vehicle—for example, a 1500-kg intermediate-sized passenger car—to ensure that a roadside feature performs satisfactorily across the entire vehicle spectrum is highly desirable but cost-prohibitive. The addition of an intermediate-sized design test vehicle is therefore not recommended except in situations in which there is a perceived concern that the device may not function properly when impacted by an intermediate-sized vehicle.

scholarly journals To LDT or Not to LDT: Assessment of Principal Impacts of Light-Duty Trucks

2000 ◽  
Vol 1738 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Maria Kockelman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
True Cost ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Cost Differences ◽  
Utility Vehicle ◽  
Light Duty Truck

Light-duty truck classification allows manufacturers and owners to avoid a host of passenger-car regulations, including gas-guzzler taxes, safety standards, and more stringent emissions and fuel-economy standards. The distinct policies that govern light-duty trucks and passenger cars are described; the emissions, safety, and fuel economy differences that have resulted are evaluated; and the household use differences across such vehicles are investigated. The result is that when the average new pickup truck or sport-utility vehicle is compared with a passenger car, there appears to be an implicit subsidy of roughly $4,400 favoring the light-duty truck. When minivans are compared with passenger cars, this subsidy is estimated to be around $2,800. With more equitable vehicle regulations, it is likely that prices would more accurately reflect the true cost differences resulting from the use of these vehicles, causing light-duty trucks to lose some of their popularity or clean up their act.

scholarly journals Computational Study Of Curved Underbody Diffusers

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 10002
Author(s):  
Angel Huminic ◽  
Gabriela Huminic
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
Underbody Diffuser ◽  
Ahmed Body

This paper presents new results concerning the aerodynamics of the Ahmed body fitted with a non-flat underbody diffuser. As in previous investigations performed, the angle and the length of the diffuser are the parameters systematically varied within ranges relevant for a hatchback passenger car. Coefficients of lift and drag are compared with the values obtained for the flat underbody diffuser, and the results reveal significant improvements concerning aerodynamic characteristics of body.

Field measurements of the harvestable power potentiality of an off-road sport-utility vehicle

Measurement ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 109381
Author(s):  
Mohamed A.A. Abdelkareem ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Xingjian Jing ◽  
Abdelrahman B.M. Eldaly ◽  
Junyi Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Utility Vehicle

A Design Concept for an Aluminum Sport Utility Vehicle Frame

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Danyo ◽  
Christopher S. Young ◽  
Henry J. Cornille ◽  
Joseph Porcari
Keyword(s):  
Design Concept ◽  
Sport Utility Vehicle ◽  
Utility Vehicle
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