Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as Fuel for Road Heavy Duty Vehicles Technologies and Standardization

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Bassi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

scholarly journals Liquefied Synthetic Natural Gas Produced through Renewable Energy Surplus: Impact Analysis on Vehicular Transportation by 2040 in Italy

Gases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Linda Barelli ◽  
Gianni Bidini ◽  
Panfilo Andrea Ottaviano ◽  
Michele Perla
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Energy Surplus ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Time mismatch between renewable energy production and consumption, grid congestion issues, and consequent production curtailment lead to the need for energy storage systems to allow for a greater renewable energy sources share in future energy scenarios. A power-to-liquefied synthetic natural gas system can be used to convert renewable energy surplus into fuel for heavy duty vehicles, coupling the electric and transportation sectors. The investigated system originates from power-to-gas technology, based on water electrolysis and CO2 methanation to produce a methane rich mixture containing H2, coupled with a low temperature gas upgrading section to meet the liquefied natural gas requirements. The process uses direct air CO2 capture to feed the methanation section; mol sieve dehydration and cryogenic distillation are implemented to produce a liquefied natural gas quality mixture. The utilization of this fuel in heavy duty vehicles can reduce greenhouse gases emissions if compared with diesel and natural gas, supporting the growth of renewable fuel consumption in an existing market. Here, the application of power-to-liquefied synthetic natural gas systems is investigated at a national level for Italy by 2040, assessing the number of plants to be installed in order to convert the curtailed energy, synthetic fuel production, and consequent avoided greenhouse gases emissions through well-to-wheel analysis. Finally, plant investment cost is preliminarily investigated.

scholarly journals 3 kW Thermoelectric Generator for Natural Gas-Powered Heavy-Duty Vehicles—Holistic Development, Optimization and Validation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lars Heber ◽  
Julian Schwab ◽  
Timo Knobelspies
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Vehicle Class ◽  
Thermoelectric Modules ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Emissions from heavy-duty vehicles need to be reduced to decrease their impact on the climate and to meet future regulatory requirements. The use of a cost-optimized thermoelectric generator based on total cost of ownership is proposed for this vehicle class with natural gas engines. A holistic model environment is presented that includes all vehicle interactions. Simultaneous optimization of the heat exchanger and thermoelectric modules is required to enable high system efficiency. A generator design combining high electrical power (peak power of about 3000 W) with low negative effects was selected as a result. Numerical CFD and segmented high-temperature thermoelectric modules are used. For the first time, the possibility of an economical use of the system in the amortization period of significantly less than 2 years is available, with a fuel reduction in a conventional vehicle topology of already up to 2.8%. A significant improvement in technology maturity was achieved, and the power density of the system was significantly improved to 298 W/kg and 568 W/dm3 compared to the state of the art. A functional model successfully validated the simulation results with an average deviation of less than 6%. An electrical output power of up to 2700 W was measured.

Onboard Natural Gas Reforming for Heavy Duty Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Weiss ◽  
Tilman W. Beutel ◽  
Bryan R. Chapman ◽  
Jonathan D. Saathoff ◽  
Shamel Merchant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Natural Gas Reforming ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Application of PdCe-HMOR Catalyst as NOx CH4-SCR System for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Moved by Natural Gas

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 982-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nobre Mendes ◽  
V. Lauga ◽  
S. Capela ◽  
M. F. Ribeiro ◽  
P. Da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Scr System ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

scholarly journals A boil-off gas utilization for improved performance of heavy duty gas turbines in combined cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mazzoni ◽  
Srithar Rajoo ◽  
Alessandro Romagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cooling Power ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Cold Energy

The storage of the natural gas under liquid phase is widely adopted and one of the intrinsic phenomena occurring in liquefied natural gas is the so-called boil-off gas; this consists of the regasification of the natural gas due to the ambient temperature and loss of adiabacity in the storage tank. As the boil-off occurs, the so-called cold energy is released to the surrounding environment; such a cold energy could potentially be recovered for several end-uses such as cooling power generation, air separation, air conditioning, dry-ice manufacturing and conditioning of inlet air at the compressor of gas turbine engines. This paper deals with the benefit corresponding to the cooling down of the inlet air temperature to the compressor, by means of internal heat transfer recovery from the liquefied natural gas boil-off gas cold energy availability. The lower the compressor inlet temperature, the higher the gas turbine performance (power and efficiency); the exploitation of the liquefied natural gas boil-off gas cold energy also corresponds to a higher amount of air flow rate entering the cycle which plays in favour of the bottoming heat recovery steam generator and the related steam cycle. Benefit of this solution, in terms of yearly work and gain increase have been established by means of ad hoc developed component models representing heat transfer device (air/boil-off gas) and heavy duty 300 MW gas turbine. For a given ambient temperature variability over a year, the results of the analysis have proven that the increase of electricity production and efficiency due to the boil-off gas cold energy recovery has finally yield a revenue increase of 600,000€/year.

In-Use Emissions from Natural Gas Fueled Heavy-Duty Vehicles

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. McCormick ◽  
Michael S. Graboski ◽  
Teresa Alleman ◽  
Andrew M. Herring ◽  
Paul Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Gas Fueled ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles
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