Development of a Method to Compare Real-World Crashes to Vehicle Crash Tests

Vehicle-to-barrier communication during real-world vehicle crash tests

Computer Communications ◽

10.1016/j.comcom.2018.05.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 172-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Samil Temel ◽

Mehmet C. Vuran ◽

Mohammad M.R. Lunar ◽

Zhongyuan Zhao ◽

Abdul Salam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Vehicle Crash ◽

Crash Tests

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Vehicle-to-barrier communication during real-world vehicle crash tests

2016 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC) ◽

10.1109/vnc.2016.7835924 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Samil Temel ◽

Mehmet C. Vuran ◽

Mohammad M. R. Lunar ◽

Ronald K. Faller ◽

Cody Stolle

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Vehicle Crash ◽

Crash Tests

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Is Acceleration a Valid Proxy for Injury Risk in Minimal Damage Traffic Crashes? A Comparative Review of Volunteer, ADL and Real-World Studies

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062901 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2901

Author(s):

Paul S. Nolet ◽

Larry Nordhoff ◽

Vicki L. Kristman ◽

Arthur C. Croft ◽

Maurice P. Zeegers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Angular Acceleration ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Rear Impact ◽

Comparative Review ◽

Minimal Damage ◽

Injury Causation ◽

Crash Tests ◽

Biomechanical Approach

Injury claims associated with minimal damage rear impact traffic crashes are often defended using a “biomechanical approach,” in which the occupant forces of the crash are compared to the forces of activities of daily living (ADLs), resulting in the conclusion that the risk of injury from the crash is the same as for ADLs. The purpose of the present investigation is to evaluate the scientific validity of the central operating premise of the biomechanical approach to injury causation; that occupant acceleration is a scientifically valid proxy for injury risk. Data were abstracted, pooled, and compared from three categories of published literature: (1) volunteer rear impact crash testing studies, (2) ADL studies, and (3) observational studies of real-world rear impacts. We compared the occupant accelerations of minimal or no damage (i.e., 3 to 11 kph speed change or “delta V”) rear impact crash tests to the accelerations described in 6 of the most commonly reported ADLs in the reviewed studies. As a final step, the injury risk observed in real world crashes was compared to the results of the pooled crash test and ADL analyses, controlling for delta V. The results of the analyses indicated that average peak linear and angular acceleration forces observed at the head during rear impact crash tests were typically at least several times greater than average forces observed during ADLs. In contrast, the injury risk of real-world minimal damage rear impact crashes was estimated to be at least 2000 times greater than for any ADL. The results of our analysis indicate that the principle underlying the biomechanical injury causation approach, that occupant acceleration is a proxy for injury risk, is scientifically invalid. The biomechanical approach to injury causation in minimal damage crashes invariably results in the vast underestimation of the actual risk of such crashes, and should be discontinued as it is a scientifically invalid practice.

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Motor Vehicle Crash-Related Subdural Hematoma from Real-World Head Impact Data

Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1089/neu.2012.2373 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (18) ◽

pp. 2774-2781 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jillian E. Urban ◽

Christopher T. Whitlow ◽

Colston A. Edgerton ◽

Alexander K. Powers ◽

Joseph A. Maldjian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Subdural Hematoma ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Head Impact ◽

Motor Vehicle Crash ◽

Vehicle Crash ◽

Impact Data

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Crash Tests and the Loads over Driver Head in Different Side Impact Cases

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.823.181 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 823 ◽

pp. 181-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicolae Ispas ◽

Mircea Nastasoiu

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Real World ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Side Impact ◽

Passive Safety ◽

Occupant Safety ◽

The Real ◽

Occupant Protection ◽

Head Injury Criterion ◽

Crash Tests

Car occupant protection in traffic accidents is a key target of today cars manufacturers. Known as active or passive safety, many technological solutions were developing over the time for an actual better car’s occupant safety. In the real world, in traffic accidents are often involved cars from different generations with various safety historical solutions. The aims of these papers are to quantify the influences over the car driver head loads in cases of different generation of cars involved in side crashes. For each case the experimental load results can be future used to calculate Head Injury Criterion (HIC) [1]

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81 CRASH TESTS PREDICT REAL WORLD INJURIES TO KIDNEY, LIVER AND SPLEEN

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.127 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 187 (4S) ◽

Author(s):

Bradley Figler ◽

Christopher D. Mack ◽

Robert Kaufman ◽

Hunter Wessells ◽

Bryan Voelzke

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Kidney Liver ◽

Crash Tests

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<i>HESS Opinions</i> "Crash tests for a standardized evaluation of hydrological models"

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-6-3669-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 3669-3685 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. Andréassian ◽

C. Perrin ◽

L. Berthet ◽

N. Le Moine ◽

J. Lerat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Data Sets ◽

Hydrological Models ◽

Crash Tests

Abstract. As all hydrological models are intrinsically limited hypotheses on the behaviour of catchments, models – which attempt to represent real-world behaviours – will always remain perfectible. To progress on the long road towards improved models, we need demanding tests, i.e. true crash tests. Efficient development and assessment of hydrological models requires demanding tests on large and varied data sets to ensure models' generality, to diagnose their failures and limitations, and ultimately, to improve them.

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