scholarly journals Detailed Effects of a Diesel Particulate Filter on the Reduction of Chemical Species Emissions

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gerald Liu ◽  
Devin R. Berg ◽  
James J. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate

Comparative analysis on the effects of diesel particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction systems on a wide spectrum of chemical species emissions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gerald Liu ◽  
Devin R. Berg ◽  
Thaddeus A. Swor ◽  
James J. Schauer‡
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Selective Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Aftertreatment Systems

Two methods, diesel particulate filter (DPF) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems, for controlling diesel emissions have become widely used, either independently or together, for meeting increasingly stringent emissions regulations world-wide. Each of these systems is designed for the reduction of primary pollutant emissions including particulate matter (PM) for the DPF and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the SCR. However, there have been growing concerns regarding the secondary reactions that these aftertreatment systems may promote involving unregulated species emissions. This study was performed to gain an understanding of the effects that these aftertreatment systems may have on the emission levels of a wide spectrum of chemical species found in diesel engine exhaust. Samples were extracted using a source dilution sampling system designed to collect exhaust samples representative of real-world emissions. Testing was conducted on a heavy-duty diesel engine with no aftertreatment devices to establish a baseline measurement and also on the same engine equipped first with a DPF system and then a SCR system. Each of the samples was analyzed for a wide variety of chemical species, including elemental and organic carbon, metals, ions, n-alkanes, aldehydes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in addition to the primary pollutants, due to the potential risks they pose to the environment and public health. The results show that the DPF and SCR systems were capable of substantially reducing PM and NOx emissions, respectively. Further, each of the systems significantly reduced the emission levels of the unregulated chemical species, while the notable formation of new chemical species was not observed. It is expected that a combination of the two systems in some future engine applications would reduce both primary and secondary emissions significantly.

scholarly journals Detailed effects of a diesel particulate filter on the reduction of chemical species emissions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin R. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Metallic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Diesel particulate filters are designed to reduce themass emissions of diesel particulate matter and havebeen proven to be effective in this respect. Not much isknown, however, about their effects on otherunregulated chemical species. This study utilized sourcedilution sampling techniques to evaluate the effects of acatalyzed diesel particulate filter on a wide spectrum ofchemical emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine.The species analyzed included both criteria andunregulated compounds such as particulate matter(PM), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC),inorganic ions, trace metallic compounds, elemental andorganic carbon (EC and OC), polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAHs), and other organic compounds.Results showed a significant reduction for the emissionsof PM mass, CO, HC, metals, EC, OC, and PAHs.

Simulating the Concentration Equations and the Gas-Wall Interface for One-Dimensional Based Diesel Particulate Filter Models

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Depcik
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Filter Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter Model

This paper enhances an earlier publication by including the concentration equations of motion into the area-conserved one-dimensional based diesel particulate filter model. A brief historical review of the species equations is accomplished to describe this model and the pertinent physics involved. In the species equations through the wall and soot layers, the diffusion constants are modified to account for the close proximity of the porous walls and the particulate matter to the gas flowing through the accompanying layers. In addition, a review of potential options involving the diffusion velocity is accomplished to determine the effect of pressure gradients on this phenomenon. In the previous paper, the model formulation illustrated that a common assumption to make for an enthalpy difference is the use of constant pressure specific heat times a temperature difference. Because of the different heats of formation and sensible enthalpies associated with the chemical species, this assumption reviewed is found to have a related error. Finally, because each channel is treated as an open system, making the common assumption of dilute mixture simplification is reviewed and found to have an associated error.

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