Development of a New Oxygen Storage Model for SIMTWC

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Guo ◽  
Michael Shane ◽  
Paul Laing ◽  
Trescott E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Storage Model

Physics-based linear model predictive control strategy for three-way catalyst air/fuel ratio control

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110212
Author(s):  
Abdullah-al Mamun ◽  
Qilun Zhu ◽  
Mark Hoffman ◽  
Simona Onori
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Vehicle Test ◽  
Three Way Catalyst

The Current practice of air-fuel ratio control relies on empirical models and traditional PID controllers, which require extensive calibration to maintain the post-catalyst air-fuel ratio close to stoichiometry. In contrast, this work utilizes a physics-based Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) model to develop a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for air-fuel ratio control based on internal TWC oxygen storage dynamics. In this paper, parameters of the physics-based temperature and oxygen storage models of the TWC are identified using vehicle test data for a catalyst aged to 150,000 miles. A linearized oxygen storage model is then developed from the identified nonlinear model, which is shown via simulation to follow the nonlinear model with minimal error during nominal operation. This motivates the development of a Linear MPC (LMPC) framework using the linearized TWC oxygen storage model, reducing the requisite computational effort relative to a nonlinear MPC strategy. In this work, the LMPC utilizing a linearized physics-based TWC model is proven suitable for tracking a desired oxygen storage level by controlling the commanded engine air-fuel ratio, which is also a novel contribution. The offline simulation results show successful tracking performance of the developed LMPC framework.

Designing the Electricity Market with Energy Storage Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. VASKOVSKAYA ◽  
◽  
Boris A. KLUS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Wide Range

The development of energy storage systems allows us to consider their usage for load profile leveling during operational planning on electricity markets. The paper proposes and analyses an application of an energy storage model to the electricity market in Russia with the focus on the day ahead market. We consider bidding, energy storage constraints for an optimal power flow problem, and locational marginal pricing. We show that the largest effect for the market and for the energy storage system would be gained by integration of the energy storage model into the market’s optimization models. The proposed theory has been tested on the optimal power flow model of the day ahead market in Russia of 10000-node Unified Energy System. It is shown that energy storage systems are in demand with a wide range of efficiencies and cycle costs.

Storage model of servers in video grid

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-871
Author(s):  
Hong ZHAO ◽  
Silamu Woxur ◽  
Zheng-liang YAO ◽  
Lei YIN
Keyword(s):  
Storage Model

A storage model for the simulation of the hydraulic behaviour of drainage networks

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homayoun Motiee ◽  
Bernard Chocat ◽  
Olivier Blanpain
Keyword(s):  
Wave Model ◽  
Kinematic Wave ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Diffusion Wave ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Saint Venant Equations ◽  
Kinematic Wave Model ◽  
And Diffusion

This paper presents a model for the hydraulic simulation of a drainage network using the storage concept. This model is easier to use than the complete Barre de Saint Venant equations and gives better results than the usual conceptual models, i.e. the Muskingum model, or than models obtained by the simplification of the Saint Venant equations (kinematic wave model and diffusion wave model).

Effect of calcination temperature on cation arrangement and oxygen storage/release capacity in cation-ordered Ce oxides

2021 ◽  
pp. 122192
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Goto ◽  
Akira Morikawa ◽  
Ai Yatsuhashi ◽  
Hiromochi Tanaka ◽  
Masahide Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
Cation Arrangement

Calibration of the Oxygen Storage Reactions for the Modeling of an Automotive Three-Way Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Della Torre ◽  
Gianluca Montenegro ◽  
Angelo Onorati ◽  
Stefano Paltrinieri ◽  
Federico Rulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Three Way Catalyst

scholarly journals First of Its Kind Automotive Catalyst Prepared by Recycled PGMs-Catalytic Performance

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Anastasia Maria Moschovi ◽  
Mattia Giuliano ◽  
Marios Kourtelesis ◽  
Giovanna Nicol ◽  
Ekaterini Polyzou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Storage Capacity ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Fresh Catalyst ◽  
Metal Precursors ◽  
Automotive Catalytic Converters

The production of new automotive catalytic converters requires the increase of the quantity of Platinum Group Metals in order to deal with the strict emission standards that are imposed for vehicles. The use of PGMs coming from the recycling of spent autocatalysts could greatly reduce the cost of catalyst production for the automotive industry. This paper presents the synthesis of novel automotive Three-Way Catalysts (PLTWC, Pd/Rh = 55/5, 60 gPGMs/ft3) and diesel oxidation catalysts (PLDOC, Pt/Pd = 3/1, 110 gPGMs/ft3) from recovered PGMs, without further refinement steps. The catalysts were characterized and evaluated in terms of activity in comparison with benchmark catalysts produced using commercial metal precursors. The small-scale catalytic monoliths were successfully synthesized as evidenced by the characterization of the samples with XRF analysis, optical microscopy, and N2 physisorption. Hydrothermal ageing of the catalysts was performed and led to a significant decrease of the specific surface area of all catalysts (recycled and benchmarks) due to sintering of the support material and metal particles. The TWCs were studied for their activity in CO and unburned hydrocarbon oxidation reactions under a slightly lean environment of the gas mixture (λ > 1) as well as for their ability to reduce NOx under a slightly rich gas mixture (λ < 1). Recycled TWC fresh catalyst presented the best performance amongst the catalysts studied for the abatement of all pollutant gases, and they also showed the highest Oxygen Storage Capacity value. Moreover, comparing the aged samples, the catalyst produced from recycled PGMs presented higher activity than the one synthesized with the use of commercial PGM metal precursors. The results obtained for the DOC catalysts showed that the aged PLDOC catalyst outperformed both the fresh catalyst and the aged DOC catalyst prepared with the use of commercial metal precursors for the oxidation of CO, hydrocarbons, and NO. The latter reveals the effect of the presence of several impurities in the recovered PGMs solutions.

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