Life Cycle Analysis of an Internal Combustion Engine Through Thermal History of the Cylinder Head and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Abstract During 2017-2019, leaves and stems with dark brown lesions containing hypophyllous telia surrounded by chlorotic halos were collected from Sphaeralcea angustifolia plants located in Axapusco, State of Mexico. Based on the morphological characteristics of pycnia, aecia and telia observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the fungus Puccinia sherardiana was identified. Uredial stage was not present during the observation period. Identity verification was carried out by phylogenetic analysis with sequences of part of the 28S gene from ribosomal DNA. In addition, pathogenicity tests were done on S. angustifolia leaves by inoculating teliospores. The inoculated plants developed symptoms 15 days after inoculation, the signs beginning with the presence of aecia in the epidermis of the host and later telia were formed, completing the Koch Postulates. Puccinia sherardiana was previously described as a rust with a microcyclic life cycle on species of the genera Alcea, Malvastrum, Sidalcea and Sphaeralcea , belonging to the Malvaceae family, however, this study revealed that this plant pathogenic fungus has a demicyclic life cycle.

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Life Cycle of Neurospora crassa Viewed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.113.2.1015-1025.1973 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 1015-1025 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Thomas Seale

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Neurospora Crassa ◽

Scanning Electron

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The haplo-diplontic life cycle expands niche space of coccolithophores

10.5194/bg-2020-194 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joost de Vries ◽

Fanny Monteiro ◽

Glen Wheeler ◽

Alex Poulton ◽

Jelena Godrijan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Cycle Phase ◽

Niche Space ◽

Abundance Data ◽

Life Cycle Stages ◽

Life Cycle Phase ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract. Coccolithophores are globally important marine calcifying phytoplankton that utilize a haplo-diplontic life cycle. The haplo-diplontic life cycle allows coccolithophores to divide in both life cycle phases, and has been proposed to allow coccolithophores to expand their niche space. To-date research has however largely overlooked the life cycle of coccolithophores, and has instead focused on the diploid life cycle phase. Through a synthesis of global scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coccolithophore abundance data (n = 2534), we show that the haploid life cycle phase contributes significantly to coccolithophore abundance, constituting ≈18 % of species abundance for which haploid-diploid pairs are defined. Using hypervolumes to quantify the niche space of coccolithophores, we furthermore show that the haploid and diploid life cycle phases inhabit contrasting niches, and that this allows coccolithophores to expand their niche space by ≈17 %. Our results highlight that future coccolithophore research should consider both life cycle stages, as omission of the haploid life cycle phase in current research limits our understanding of coccolithophore ecology.

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Redescription of the species Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) fascicaudale (Sowa, 1985) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) with notes to its taxonomic position, biology and distribution

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2490.1.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2490 (1) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PAVEL SROKA ◽

ROMAN J. GODUNKO ◽

TOMÁŠ SOLDÁN

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Species Group ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

Time Variability ◽

Color Patterns ◽

Distributional Patterns ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

Based on the extensive material recently collected on the Island of Rhodos, Greece (terra typica) in May, 2005, a redescription of Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) fascicaudale (Sowa, 1985) is presented. Larval characters are completed, female subimago described and the egg chorionic structures illustrated by means of scanning electron microscopy for the first time. Variability in color patterns and critical characters distinguishing eggs, larvae and male imagines from other Westpalaearctic species of the subgenus Pseudocentroptilum Bogoescu, 1947 (the representatives of the Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) motasi species-group in particular) are described and discussed. Distributional patterns of the species, its abundance, possible faunistic origin, some aspects of larval and imago’s biology, and life cycle of the species are briefly stated. Delimitation and recent concepts of the taxa Procloeon Bengtsson, 1915 and Pseudocentroptilum within the subfamily Cloeoninae Kazlauskas, 1972, taxonomic position and affinities of P. fascicaudale are discussed.

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Xiphidiocercariae from naturally infected Lymnaea columella (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in urban area: morphology and ultrastructure of the larvae and histological changes in the mollusc host

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.182501 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 446-451

Author(s):

E. Paviotti-Fischer ◽

E. J. Lopes-Torres ◽

M. A. J. Santos ◽

S. V. P. B. Brandolini ◽

J. Pinheiro

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Urban Area ◽

Urban Agriculture ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Urban agriculture is very common in the cities, as Rio de Janeiro and adjacencies, being important as economic activity. However, this practice can create appropriate conditions for establishment and maintenance of life cycle of many parasites. Lymneid snails can act as intermediate hosts of many trematodes species, including those that infect humans and wild and domestic. In the present study, the snail Lymnaea columella was collected from an urban watercress plantations and the morphology of cercariae released by them was analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy. The specimens were identified as xiphidiocercariae, belonging to the Cercariae Ornatae group, of the order Plagiorchiiformes. Histological examination of the digestive gland of the infected snails revealed the presence of developing sporocysts, with hemocitary infiltration and metaplasia in the epithelial tissue.

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Brachylaima cribbi(Digenea: Brachylaimidae): scanning electron microscopical observations of the life-cycle stages

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1079/joh2002119 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 207-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A.R. Butcher ◽

J.K. Brealey ◽

D.I. Grove ◽

R.B. Dymock

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Adult Worm ◽

Genital Pore ◽

Land Snails ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Mature Adult ◽

Life Cycle Stages ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractBrachylaima cribbiis a recently described species of terrestrial trematode that infects mammals and birds with helicid land snails as its first and second intermediate hosts. The adult worm is 2.5–6.0 mm long by 0.5–0.8 mm wide being a long slender cylindrical worm with oral and ventral suckers in the anterior quarter and genital pore in the posterior quarter. Scanning electron microscopy shows that there is a dense covering of tegumental spines at the anterior end which diminishes towards the posterior extremities of the worm. Development of spines was observed in juvenile and mature adult worms. In young worms 1–3 weeks post infection (wpi) spines appear as buds with a serrated edge each having 1–4 spikes per spine. As the worm ages the spines broaden and by 5 wpi the number of spikes per spine increases to an average of 8.1. The serial development of oral sucker papillae in the cercaria, metacercaria and adult worm was observed with the finding of an elongated papilla with a bifurcated tip on the cercaria becoming a shorter and thicker elongated papilla with a large central stoma on the metacercaria. In the adult worm, this papilla becomes dome-shaped with a small central stoma. For some of these papillae a cilium could be seen extended from the central stoma. Other life-cycle stages illustrated were the hatched egg with an extruded egg membrane minus an operculum and a portion of the branched sporocyst dissected from the digestive gland of the land snailTheba pisanashowing a terminal birth pore. Scanning electron microscopy morphological features of the adult worm observed for the first time in aBrachylaimawere the unarmed cirrus extended from the genital pore with released sperm present and the Laurer's canal opening visible in tegumental folds on the dorsal surface approximately 300 μm posterior to the genital pore.

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