Emissions of Toxicologically Relevant Compounds Using Dibutyl Maleate and Tripropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Diesel Fuel Additives to Lower NOx Emissions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Ball ◽  
Leslie R. Wolf ◽  
Douglas M. Yost ◽  
Matthew E. Schulman ◽  
Edwin A. Frame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Additives ◽  
Glycol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Dibutyl Maleate

scholarly journals Rapeseed Oil Monoester of Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether as a New Biodiesel

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Dayong ◽  
Wang Xuanjun ◽  
Liu Shuguang ◽  
Guo Hejun
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Ester Group ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Glycol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Hc Emissions

A novel biodiesel named rapeseed oil monoester of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is developed. This fuel has one more ester group than the traditional biodiesel. The fuel was synthesized and structurally identified through FT-IR and P1PH NMR analyses. Engine test results show that when a tested diesel engine is fueled with this biodiesel in place of 0# diesel fuel, engine-out smoke emissions can be decreased by 25.0%–75.0%, CO emissions can be reduced by 50.0%, and unburned HC emissions are lessened significantly. However, NOx emissions generally do not change noticeably. In the area of combustion performance, both engine in-cylinder pressure and its changing rate with crankshaft angle are increased to some extent. Rapeseed oil monoester of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether has a much higher cetane number and shorter ignition delay, leading to autoignition 1.1°CA earlier than diesel fuel during engine operation. Because of certain amount of oxygen contained in the new biodiesel, the engine thermal efficiency is improved 13.5%–20.4% when fueled with the biodiesel compared with diesel fuel.

Polyfluorophenyl Ester-Terminated Homobifunctional Cross-Linkers for Protein Conjugation

Synlett ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 1934-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Ru-Yan Zhang ◽  
Ya-Cong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Glycol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Protein Conjugates ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Along with N-hydroxysuccinimidyl, p-nitrophenyl, and phenylseleno esters, tetra- and penta-fluorophenyl esters were comparatively evaluated in term of their reactivity and hydrolytic stability. Their homobifunctional cross-linkers were prepared to conjugate proteins with small molecules, including carbohydrates, fluorescent dyes, and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether. The conjugations proceeded under mild conditions, affording the corresponding protein conjugates with good efficiency.

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