Ultrasonic Air Temperature Sensing for Automatic Climate Control - Sensor Development

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Han ◽  
David K. Lambert ◽  
Larry M. Oberdier ◽  
Dale L. Partin ◽  
Michel F. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Sensor Development

Ultrasonic Air Temperature Sensing for Automatic Climate Control - Vehicle Test

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Han ◽  
David K. Lambert ◽  
Dale L. Partin ◽  
Michel F. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Vehicle Test

scholarly journals Calculation of indoor air temperature using dimensionless parameters for integrated climate control systems

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 486-492
Author(s):  
Oleg D. Samarin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Infinite Series ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Climate Control

Introduction. It is noted that the improvement of the technology for calculating the thermal regime of premises in the conditions of automation of climate systems is still relevant. The aim of the work is to find a universal dependence of the air temperature in the building premises on time in conditions of a jump in heat access or heat loss for the integral law of regulating the compensatory heat flow from microclimate systems. In the form of a scientific hypothesis, we consider the statement about the power nature of such a dependence with the presence of a maximum and an asymptotic tendency to zero. Materials and methods. The study involves the use of basic equations that relate the most significant components of heat flows in rooms serviced by microclimate systems equipped with integrated controllers under conditions of abrupt changes in thermal disturbances. The method of dimension analysis is used to identify dimensionless complexes that are essential for obtaining engineering dependencies, as well as software calculation of sums of infinite series with a given accuracy, numerical solution of nonlinear equations, and the method of power series economization. Results. An analytical expression is found for changes in room temperature under integrated control of climate equipment under conditions of a jump in heat availability, which has the form of an infinite series in degrees of a dimensionless parameter that characterizes the properties of the room and the automation system. A simplified expression for the deviation of air temperature is obtained and a formula for the required control time is derived, as well as its estimation is given on the example of one residential building in the climatic conditions of Moscow. Conclusions. It is shown that the dependence of the air temperature in a room serviced by microclimate systems with integrated controllers on time is represented in a universal dimensionless form, suitable for any objects regardless of their specific characteristics. The previously discovered relationships for the moment of maximum deviation and the value of the dynamic control error depending on the air exchange of the room, the transmission coefficient of the controller and the room’s own heat stability are confirmed and refined.

scholarly journals Fiber optic distributed temperature sensing for the determination of air temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6287-6298
Author(s):  
S. A. P. de Jong ◽  
J. D. Slingerland ◽  
N. C. van de Giesen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Different Diameters

Abstract. This paper describes a method to correct for the effect of solar radiation in atmospheric Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) applications. By using two cables with different diameters, one can determine what temperature a zero diameter cable would have. Such virtual cable would not be affected by solar heating and would take on the temperature of the surrounding air. The results for a pair of black cables and a pair of white cables were very good. The correlations between standard air temperature measurements and air temperatures derived from both colors had a high correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.99). A thin white cable measured temperatures that were close to air temperature. The temperatures were measured along horizontal cables but the results are especially interesting for vertical atmospheric profiling.

scholarly journals Suitability of fibre-optic distributed temperature sensing for revealing mixing processes and higher-order moments at the forest–air interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2409-2427
Author(s):  
Olli Peltola ◽  
Karl Lapo ◽  
Ilkka Martinkauppi ◽  
Ewan O'Connor ◽  
Christoph K. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Turbulence Statistics ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Noise Component ◽  
Roughness Elements ◽  
Sonic Anemometers ◽  
Canopy Flows

Abstract. The suitability of a fibre-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technique for observing atmospheric mixing profiles within and above a forest was quantified, and these profiles were analysed. The spatially continuous observations were made at a 125 m tall mast in a boreal pine forest. Airflows near forest canopies diverge from typical boundary layer flows due to the influence of roughness elements (i.e. trees) on the flow. Ideally, these complex flows should be studied with spatially continuous measurements, yet such measurements are not feasible with conventional micrometeorological measurements with, for example, sonic anemometers. Hence, the suitability of DTS measurements for studying canopy flows was assessed. The DTS measurements were able to discern continuous profiles of turbulent fluctuations and mean values of air temperature along the mast, providing information about mixing processes (e.g. canopy eddies and evolution of inversion layers at night) and up to third-order turbulence statistics across the forest–atmosphere interface. Turbulence measurements with 3D sonic anemometers and Doppler lidar at the site were also utilised in this analysis. The continuous profiles for turbulence statistics were in line with prior studies made at wind tunnels and large eddy simulations for canopy flows. The DTS measurements contained a significant noise component which was, however, quantified, and its effect on turbulence statistics was accounted for. Underestimation of air temperature fluctuations at high frequencies caused 20 %–30 % underestimation of temperature variance at typical flow conditions. Despite these limitations, the DTS measurements should prove useful also in other studies concentrating on flows near roughness elements and/or non-stationary periods, since the measurements revealed spatio-temporal patterns of the flow which were not possible to be discerned from single point measurements fixed in space.

scholarly journals Teknologi Internet Of Things (IoT) dalam Penyemprotan Insektisida Aglonema pada Greenhouse

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Retno Devita ◽  
Ruri Hartika Zain ◽  
Ipriadi ◽  
Ondra Eka Putra ◽  
Sri Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Great Demand

Aglonema is a plant that is widely cultivated by ornamental plant lovers, because it has various species with varied and beautiful leaf patterns. Aglonema cultivation can be a business opportunity in agriculture because aglonema plants are in great demand but also because the prices offered vary from hundreds of thousands to millions of rupiah. Aglonema plant care is quite easy and simple. However, the wrong aglonema plant care such as irregular watering, excessive fertilizer application, and the wrong plant placement can make plants grow less optimally or even die. Greenhouse is a building that was formed to avoid and treat plants against various kinds of weather. Weather is the state of the atmosphere in a place at a certain time related to air temperature, sunlight, wind, rain and other air conditions. Thus, the types of plants that are not in accordance with the local climate, such as ornamental plants, vegetables and fruit, which have high economic value but are difficult to cultivate in outdoor areas, can be cultivated through climate control in the greenhouse. Various benefits such as controlling air temperature, adjusting humidity levels, to the interval between watering times can be adjusted easily. Internet of things (IoT) is a concept or program where an object has the ability to transmit or transmit data over a network without using the help of computer and human devices. With this IoT, spraying insecticides at the Greehouse for aglonema plants can be done automatically

scholarly journals Fiber optic distributed temperature sensing for the determination of air temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. P. de Jong ◽  
J. D. Slingerland ◽  
N. C. van de Giesen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Different Diameters

Abstract. This paper describes a method to correct for the effect of solar radiation in atmospheric distributed temperature sensing (DTS) applications. By using two cables with different diameters, one can determine what temperature a zero diameter cable would have. Such a virtual cable would not be affected by solar heating and would take on the temperature of the surrounding air. With two unshielded cable pairs, one black pair and one white pair, good results were obtained given the general consensus that shielding is needed to avoid radiation errors (WMO, 2010). The correlations between standard air temperature measurements and air temperatures derived from both cables of colors had a high correlation coefficient (r2=0.99) and a RMSE of 0.38 °C, compared to a RMSE of 2.40 °C for a 3.0 mm uncorrected black cable. A thin white cable measured temperatures that were close to air temperature measured with a nearby shielded thermometer (RMSE of 0.61 °C). The temperatures were measured along horizontal cables with an eye to temperature measurements in urban areas, but the same method can be applied to any atmospheric DTS measurements, and for profile measurements along towers or with balloons and quadcopters.

scholarly journals Global biosphere–climate interaction: a causal appraisal of observations and models over multiple temporal scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4851-4874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Claessen ◽  
Annalisa Molini ◽  
Brecht Martens ◽  
Matteo Detto ◽  
Matthias Demuzere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. Improving the skill of Earth system models (ESMs) in representing climate–vegetation interactions is crucial to enhance our predictions of future climate and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, ESMs need to correctly simulate the impact of climate on vegetation, but likewise feedbacks of vegetation on climate must be adequately represented. However, model predictions at large spatial scales remain subjected to large uncertainties, mostly due to the lack of observational patterns to benchmark them. Here, the bidirectional nature of climate–vegetation interactions is explored across multiple temporal scales by adopting a spectral Granger causality framework that allows identification of potentially co-dependent variables. Results based on global and multi-decadal records of remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI) and observed atmospheric data show that the climate control on vegetation variability increases with longer temporal scales, being higher at inter-annual than multi-month scales. Globally, precipitation is the most dominant driver of vegetation at monthly scales, particularly in (semi-)arid regions. The seasonal LAI variability in energy-driven latitudes is mainly controlled by radiation, while air temperature controls vegetation growth and decay in high northern latitudes at inter-annual scales. These observational results are used as a benchmark to evaluate four ESM simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Findings indicate a tendency of ESMs to over-represent the climate control on LAI dynamics and a particular overestimation of the dominance of precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions at inter-annual scales. Analogously, CMIP5 models overestimate the control of air temperature on seasonal vegetation variability, especially in forested regions. Overall, climate impacts on LAI are found to be stronger than the feedbacks of LAI on climate in both observations and models; in other words, local climate variability leaves a larger imprint on temporal LAI dynamics than vice versa. Note however that while vegetation reacts directly to its local climate conditions, the spatially collocated character of the analysis does not allow for the identification of remote feedbacks, which might result in an underestimation of the biophysical effects of vegetation on climate. Nonetheless, the widespread effect of LAI variability on radiation, as observed over the northern latitudes due to albedo changes, is overestimated by the CMIP5 models. Overall, our experiments emphasise the potential of benchmarking the representation of particular interactions in online ESMs using causal statistics in combination with observational data, as opposed to the more conventional evaluation of the magnitude and dynamics of individual variables.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficiency of Non-Stationary Climate Control in Buildings with a Non-Constant Stay of People by Using Porous Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
Alexander Shkarovskiy ◽  
Shirali Mamedov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Material ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Foam Polystyrene ◽  
The Stability

This article presents the results of experimental research on the non-stationary management of the internal climate of buildings with a non-constant stay of people. During the absence of people, a significant drop in air temperature and corresponding energy conservation in heating is possible. The effectiveness of porous building materials is shown, provided that the appropriate characteristics are selected. Daily fluctuations in the outside temperature are completely extinguished by a layer of foam polystyrene insulation. The absence of channel porosity in the structural material of the wall is a guarantee of the stability of its thermal and humidity regime. This, in turn, prevents the development of mold and mildew.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document