Performance and Fuel Economy Enhancement of Pressure Charged SI Engines through Turboexpansion - An Initial Study

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W.G. Turner ◽  
R.J. Pearson ◽  
M.D. Bassett ◽  
J. Oscarsson
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Si Engines

Fuel Vaporization Improves Fuel Economy of Alcohol-Burning SI Engines

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Hardenberg ◽  
A. J. Schaefer ◽  
H. I. Metsch
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fuel Vaporization ◽  
Si Engines

Variable compression ratio engine: A future power plant for automobiles - an overview

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (9) ◽  
pp. 1159-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Shaik ◽  
N Shenbaga Vinayaga Moorthi ◽  
R Rudramoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Variable Compression Ratio ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Consumption Benefit ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Variable Valve ◽  
Variable Compression

Increasingly stringent emissions and fuel economy standards have long remained a source of challenges for research in automobile engine technology development towards the more thermally efficient and less polluting engine. Spark ignition (SI) engines have lower part-load efficiency when compared with the diesel engines. The greatest opportunity for improving SI engine efficiency is by way of higher compression ratio, variable valve timing, low friction, reducing throttling losses, boosting, and down-sizing. Variable compression ratio (VCR) technology has long been recognized as a method for improving the fuel economy of SI engines. In order to vary the compression ratio, some method of varying the geometric compression ratio through changing the clearance volume is required. There are several ways of doing this; various patents have been filed and designs presented, including modification of the compression ratio by moving the cylinder head, variation of combustion chamber volume using a secondary piston or valve, variation of piston deck height, modification of connecting rod geometry, moving the crankpin within the crankshaft, and moving the crankshaft axis. The potential of these technologies needs to be evaluated by a trade-off between cost and consumption benefit. This paper reviews the geometric approaches and solutions used to achieve VCR, considers the results of prior research, and forecasts what benefits, if any, a VCR would bring to present engine design.

Modelbased Temperature Control for Improved Fuel Economy of SI Engines

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
E. Cortona ◽  
C.H. Onder ◽  
L. Guzzella
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Si Engines

Advanced Emission and Fuel Economy Concept Using Combined Injection of Gasoline and Hydrogen in SI-Engines

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Allgeier ◽  
Martin Klenk ◽  
Tilo Landenfeld ◽  
Enrico Conte ◽  
Konstantinos Boulouchos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Si Engines

Recuperative Throttling of SI Engines for Improved Fuel Economy

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lino Guzzella ◽  
Michael Betschart ◽  
Thomas Fluri ◽  
Roberto De Santis ◽  
Christopher Onder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Si Engines

Hepatitis A Antigen in Liver, Bile and Stool

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
D.R. Jackson ◽  
J.H. Hoofnagle ◽  
A.N. Schulman ◽  
J.L. Dienstag ◽  
R.H. Purcell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Type A ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Ag Particle ◽  
Human Stool

Using immune electron microscopy Feinstone et. al. demonstrated the presence of a 27 nm virus-like particle in acute-phase stools of patients with viral hepatitis, type A, These hepatitis A antigen (HA Ag) particles were aggregated by convalescent serum from patients with type A hepatitis but not by pre-infection serum. Subsequently Dienstag et. al. and Maynard et. al. produced acute hepatitis in chimpanzees by inoculation with human stool containing HA Ag. During the early acute disease, virus like particles antigenically, morphologically and biophysically identical to the human HA Ag particle were found in chimpanzee stool. Recently Hilleman et. al. have described similar particles in liver and serum of marmosets infected with hepatitis A virus (HAV). We have investigated liver, bile and stool from chimpanzees and marmosets experimentally infected with HAV. In an initial study, a chimpanzee (no.785) inoculated with HA Ag-containing stool developed elevated liver enzymes 21 days after exposure.

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