Cycle to Cycle Variations: Their Influence on Cycle Resolved Gas Temperature and Unburned Hydrocarbons from a Camless Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien Koopmans ◽  
Ove Backlund ◽  
Ingemar Denbratt
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Ferrous Ferric Oxide Nano-Additive and Chicken Fat Methyl Ester on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engine

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ameer Suhel ◽  
Norwazan Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Rosdzimin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Khairol Amali Bin Ahmad ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Chicken Fat

In recent years, industries have been investing to develop a potential alternative fuel to substitute the depleting fossil fuels which emit noxious emissions. Present work investigated the effect of ferrous ferric oxide nano-additive on performance and emission parameters of compression ignition engine fuelled with chicken fat methyl ester blends. The nano-additive was included with various methyl ester blends at different ppm of 50, 100, and 150 through the ultrasonication process. Probe sonicator was utilized for nano-fuel preparation to inhibit the formation of agglomeration of nanoparticles in base fuel. Experimental results revealed that the addition of 100 ppm dosage of ferrous ferric oxide nanoparticles in blends significantly improves the combustion performance and substantially decrease the pernicious emissions of the engine. It is also found from an experimental results analysis that brake thermal efficiency (BTE) improved by 4.84%, a reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 10.44%, brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) by 9.44%, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) by 19.47%, carbon monoxides (CO) by 53.22%, unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) by 21.73%, nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 15.39%, and smoke by 14.73% for the nano-fuel B20FFO100 blend. By seeing of analysis, it is concluded that the doping of ferrous ferric oxide nano-additive in chicken fat methyl ester blends shows an overall development in engine characteristics.

Assessment of a Syngas-Diesel Dual Fuelled Compression Ignition Engine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibhuti B. Sahoo ◽  
Niranjan Sahoo ◽  
Ujjwal K. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Synthesis gas (Syngas), a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, can be manufactured from natural gas, coal, petroleum, biomass, and even from organic wastes. It can substitute fossil diesel as an alternative gaseous fuel in compression ignition engines under dual fuel operation route. Experiments were conducted in a single cylinder, constant speed and direct injection diesel engine fuelled with syngas-diesel in dual fuel mode. The engine is designed to develop a power output of 5.2 kW at its rated speed of 1500 rpm under variable loads with inducted syngas fuel having H2 to CO ratio of 1:1 by volume. Diesel fuel as a pilot was injected into the engine in the conventional manner. The diesel engine was run at varying loads of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%. The performance of dual fuel engine is assessed by parameters such as thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, diesel replacement rate, gas flow rate, peak cylinder pressure, exhaust O2 and emissions like NOx, CO and HC. Dual fuel operation showed a decrease in brake thermal efficiency from 16.1% to a maximum of 20.92% at 80% load. The maximum diesel substitution by syngas was found 58.77% at minimum exhaust O2 availability condition of 80% engine load. The NOx level was reduced from 144 ppm to 103 ppm for syngas-diesel mode at the best efficiency point. Due to poor combustion efficiency of dual fuel operation, there were increases in CO and HC emissions throughout the range of engine test loads. The decrease in peak pressure causes the exhaust gas temperature to rise at all loads of dual fuel operation. The present investigation provides some useful indications of using syngas fuel in a diesel engine under dual fuel operation.

The Advanced Low Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Engine: A Low NOx Alternative to the Diesel Engine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyan K. Srinivasan ◽  
Sundar R. Krishnan ◽  
Satbir Singh ◽  
K. Clark Midkiff ◽  
Stuart R. Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Stability ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cylinder Compression ◽  
Diesel Operation

High nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions restrict future use of conventional diesel engines for efficient, low-cost power generation. The advanced low pilot ignited natural gas (ALPING) engine described here has potential to meet stringent NOx and PM emissions regulations. It uses natural gas as the primary fuel (95 to 98 percent of the fuel energy input here) and a diesel fuel pilot to achieve compression ignition. Experimental measurements are reported from a single cylinder, compression-ignition engine employing highly advanced injection timing (45°–60°BTDC). The ALPING engine is a promising strategy to reduce NOx emissions, with measured full-load NOx emissions of less than 0.25 g/kWh and identical fuel economy to baseline straight diesel operation. However, unburned hydrocarbons were significantly higher for ALPING operation. Engine stability, as measured by COV, was 4–6 percent for ALPING operation compared to 0.6–0.9 percent for straight diesel.

Study of the Variations in Cylinder-Exhaust-Gas Temperature Over Inlet Air and Operation-Input Parameters of Compression-Ignition Engines

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Cylinder-exhaust-gas temperature (Texh) of a turbocharged compression-ignition engine indicates the levels of engine thermal loading on cylinder and exhaust components, thermal efficiency performance, and engine exhaust emissions. In consideration that Texh is affected by engine air inlet condition that primarily includes inlet air temperature (Ti) and pressure (pi), this paper studies the variation (ΔTexh) of Texh over varying the engine inlet air parameters of compression-ignition engines. The study is to understand ΔTexh with appropriate relations between the inlet parameters and Texh being identified and simply modeled. The regarded effects on Texh and ΔTexh for both naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines of this type are analyzed and predicted. The results indicate that Texh increases as Ti increases or pi decreases. The rate of variation in ΔTexh over varying Ti or pressure pi is smaller in a turbocharged engine than that in a naturally aspirated engine, as reflected from the model and results of the analysis. The results also indicate, for instance, Texh would increase approximately by ∼2 °C as Ti increases by 1 °C or increase by ∼35 °C as pi decreases by 10−2 MPa, as predicted for a typical high-power turbocharged diesel engine operating at a typical full-load condition. The design and operating parameters significant in influencing ΔTexh along with varying Ti or pi are studied in addition. These include the degree of engine cylinder compression, the level of intake manifold air temperature, the magnitude of intake air boost, and the quantity of cycle combustion thermal input. As those parameters change, the rate of variation in Texh varies. For instance, the results indicate that the rate of ΔTexh versus the inlet air parameters would increase as the quantity of cycle combustion thermal input becomes higher. With the understanding of ΔTexh, the engine output performances of thermal loading, efficiency, and exhaust emissions, concerning engine operation at variable ambient temperature or pressure, can be understood and evaluated for the purpose of engine analysis, design, and optimization.

scholarly journals Effect of Biobutanol-Sunflower Oil-Diesel Fuel Blends on Combustion Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Čedík ◽  
Martin Pexa ◽  
Bohuslav Peterka ◽  
Michal Holůbek ◽  
Daniel Mader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Blends

Abstract Based on many regulations the biofuels are widely used in combustion engines. The operational parameters, such as performance parameters or emission production, are often monitored. The essence of changes to these operational parameters is related to the effect of biofuels on the course of cylinder pressure inside the combustion chamber. The contribution deals with the effect of biobutanol-sunflower oil-diesel fuel blends on the performance parameters, the behaviour of the cylinder pressure of the compression ignition engine during combustion, and exhaust gas temperature. Biobutanol-sunflower oil-diesel fuel blends in ratios of 10–20–70% and 20–20–60% were used as test fuels, with diesel fuel used as a reference. Turbocharged four-cylinder inline CI engine Zetor 1204 installed in the tractor Zetor Forterra 8642 was used for measurement. Based on the results, it can be stated that with higher amount of butanol in the fuel mixture, the maximum value of cylinder pressure decreases, especially at a high engine load.

Toward Hyperspectral Sensing in Practical Devices: Measurements of Fuel, H2O and Gas Temperature in a Metal Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Hagen ◽  
Scott T. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Indium Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Fuel Density ◽  
Temperature Spectra ◽  
Hyperspectral Sensing ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Absorption spectra of H2O (v2 + v3 band, R branch) and iC8H18 (C–H stretch overtone, entire band) were measured in the harsh and highly transient environment of a combusting piston engine using a lamp and spectrometer. Spectra were taken at a rate of 900 spectra s−1 over the 1600 nm–1850 nm range with a resolution of 0.75 nm (3.0 cm−1). A grating spectrometer, based on an extended indium gallium arsenide (x-InGaAs) linear array camera, was used. The engine is an isooctane(2,2,4-trimethylpentane)-fueled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine operating at 1000 rpm. Spectra were post processed for in-cylinder temperature, H2O density and fuel density. Fuel spectra measured near auto-ignition conditions differ slightly from room-temperature spectra, as expected. Averaging was employed (1000 engine cycles) to mitigate the challenges introduced by measuring spectra in an engine (for example, beamsteering). With this averaging, we were able to achieve a broadband minimum detectable absorbance of less than 1%.

Study of Cylinder-Exhaust-Gas-Temperature Variations Over Inlet Air Parameters of Compression-Ignition Engines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Cylinder-exhaust-gas temperature (Texh) of a turbocharged compression-ignition engine indicates the levels of engine thermal loading on cylinder and exhaust components, thermal efficiency performance, and engine exhaust emissions. In consideration that Texh is affected by engine air inlet condition that primarily includes inlet air temperature (Ti) and pressure (pi), this paper studies the variation (ΔTexh) of Texh over varying the engine inlet air parameters of compression-ignition engines. The study is to understand ΔTexh with appropriate relations between the inlet parameters and Texh identified and simply modeled. The regarded effects on Texh and ΔTexh for turbocharged engines of this type are analyzed and predicted. The results indicate that Texh generally increases as Ti increases or pi decreases. For example, Texh would increase by ∼2 °C as Ti increases by 1 °C or increase by ∼35 °C as pi decreases by 10−2 MPa, as predicted for a typical high-power turbocharged diesel engine. The design and operating parameters significant in influencing ΔTexh along with varying Ti or pi are also studied. These include the degree of engine cylinder compression, the level of intake manifold air temperature, the magnitude of intake air boost, and the quantity of cycle combustion thermal input. As those change, the rate of variation in Texh varies. For instance, the results indicate that the rate of ΔTexh versus the inlet air parameters would increase as the quantity of cycle combustion thermal input becomes higher. With the understanding of ΔTexh, the engine output performances of thermal loading, efficiency, and exhaust emissions, concerning engine operation at variable ambient temperature or pressure, can be understood and evaluated for the purpose of engine analysis, design and optimization.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of a Compression Ignition Engine using Sand Apple (Parinari polyandra B.) ethyl ester (biodiesel)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-356
Author(s):  
A. Saleh ◽  
F.B. Akande ◽  
D.T. Adeyemi ◽  
O.O. Oniya
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate

The quest for non-edible oil for the production of alternative fuel (bio-fuel) using homogeneous catalysts continues to supplement and replace in totality the traditional transportation fuels that are not environmentally friendly. The use of biodiesel in Compression Ignition Engines (CIE) to evaluate the engine performance is a norm and blends of biodiesel and Automotive Gas Oil (AGO) are also used in the engine performance processes to ascertain its usage in the CIE. Therefore, this study evaluated the performance of a compression-ignition engine (CIE) fuelled with biodiesel produced from sand apple oil using eggshell as a heterogeneous catalyst. Transesterification of Sand Apple Oil (SAO) with ethanol to produce ethyl ester and glycerol was optimized. Sand Apple Ethyl Esters (SAEE) was blended with Automotive Gas Oil (AGO) at 5 – 25% mix to evaluate the performance of a 3.68 kW diesel engine at five loading conditions (0, 25. 50, 75, 100%). Performance tests were carried out to determine torque, speed, exhaust gas temperature and fuel consumption rate. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA at P < 0.05 significant level. Results of parameters tested ranged from 6.50 – 6.60 Nm, 2795 – 2950 rpm, 385 – 400 °C and 2.93 – 5.00 × 10−6 kg/s, respectively for all the blends. The study established that the performance of the diesel engine using 5 – 25% SAEE-AGO blends was similar to using AGO alone and SAEE is therefore suitable for use in the CIE.

Pollutant emissions investigation in a compression ignition engine during warm-up time

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiara Lima Costa ◽  
Ramon Eduardo Pereira Silva ◽  
Letícia Schneider Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Warm Up
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