Exhaust emission toxicity evaluation for heavy duty diesel and natural gas engines. Part I: regulated and unregulated emissions with diesel fuel and a blend of diesel fuel and biodiesel

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gambino ◽  
S. Iannaccone ◽  
C. L. Battistelli ◽  
R. Crebelli ◽  
A. L. Iamiceli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Unregulated Emissions

A detail simulation of reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion strategy in a heavy-duty diesel engine run on natural gas/diesel fuel

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohammad Najafi ◽  
Seyed Ali Jazayeri ◽  
Ali Reza Mohammadzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Compression Ignition Combustion

The aim of this study is to investigate in details the effects of a number of combustion parameters to optimize the reactivity controlled compression ignition operation running on natural gas and diesel fuel. In the present work, a single-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine with a specially modified bathtub piston bowl profile for reactivity controlled compression ignition operation is studied and simulated through commercial software. A broad load range from 5.6 to 13.5 bar indicated mean effective pressure at a constant engine speed of 1300 r/min, fixed amount of diesel fuel mass, and with no exhaust gas recirculation is considered. The results from the developed model confirm that the model can accurately simulate the reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion. Also, by focusing on the time of formation of certain important radicals in combustion, the start of combustion and the time of natural gas dissociation are accurately predicted. Furthermore, the influence of some parameters such as different diesel fuel injection strategies, intake temperature, and intake pressure on the reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion is evaluated and the limitation of the engine operation at low temperature combustion is investigated.

A phenomenological combustion analysis of a dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuonan Xu ◽  
David Anderson ◽  
Mark Hoffman ◽  
Robert Prucka ◽  
Zoran Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Wiebe Function

Energy security concerns and an abundant supply of natural gas in the USA provide the impetus for engine designers to consider alternative gaseous fuels in the existing engines. The dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine concept is attractive because of the minimal design changes, the ability to preserve a high compression ratio of the baseline diesel, and the lack of range anxiety. However, the increased complexity of a dual-fuel engine poses challenges, including the knock limit at a high load, the combustion instability at a low load, and the transient response of an engine with directly injected diesel fuel and port fuel injection of compressed natural gas upstream of the intake manifold. Predictive simulations of the complete engine system are an invaluable tool for investigations of these conditions and development of dual-fuel control strategies. This paper presents the development of a phenomenological combustion model of a heavy-duty dual-fuel engine, aided by insights from experimental data. Heat release analysis is carried out first, using the cylinder pressure data acquired with both diesel-only and dual-fuel (diesel and natural gas) combustion over a wide operating range. A diesel injection timing correlation based on the injector solenoid valve pulse widths is developed, enabling the diesel fuel start of injection to be detected without extra sensors on the fuel injection cam. The experimental heat release trends are obtained with a hybrid triple-Wiebe function for both diesel-only operation and dual-fuel operation. The ignition delay period of dual-fuel operation is examined and estimated with a predictive correlation using the concept of a pseudo-diesel equivalence ratio. A four-stage combustion mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that a triple-Wiebe function has the ability to represent all stages of dual-fuel combustion. This creates a critical building block for modeling a heavy-duty dual-fuel turbocharged engine system.

Technology for Meeting the 1991 U.S.A. Exhaust Emission Regulations on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Mori ◽  
Hiroshi Kamikubo ◽  
Tohru Kawatani ◽  
Toshiji Obara ◽  
Izumi Fukano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

A New Validation of Spray Penetration Models for Modern Heavy Duty Diesel Fuel Injectors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell P. Fitzgerald ◽  
Christopher Gehrke ◽  
Kenth Svensson ◽  
Glen Martin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Spray Penetration ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Lean-Burn Characteristics of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Retrofitted to Natural Gas Spark Ignition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlong Liu ◽  
Cosmin E. Dumitrescu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Increased utilization of natural-gas (NG) in the transportation sector can decrease the use of petroleum-based fuels and reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. Heavy-duty diesel engines retrofitted to NG spark ignition (SI) can achieve higher efficiencies and low NOx, CO, and HC emissions when operated under lean-burn conditions. To investigate the SI lean-burn combustion phenomena in a bowl-in-piston combustion chamber, a conventional heavy-duty direct-injection CI engine was converted to SI operation by replacing the fuel injector with a spark plug and by fumigating NG in the intake manifold. Steady-state engine experiments and numerical simulations were performed at several operating conditions that changed spark timing, engine speed, and mixture equivalence ratio. Results suggested a two-zone NG combustion inside the diesel-like combustion chamber. More frequent and significant late burn (including double-peak heat release rate) was observed for advanced spark timing. This was due to the chamber geometry affecting the local flame speed, which resulted in a faster and thicker flame in the bowl but a slower and thinner flame in the squish volume. Good combustion stability (COVIMEP < 3 %), moderate rate of pressure rise, and lack of knocking showed promise for heavy-duty CI engines converted to NG SI operation.

The Development of a “Pin-on-Twin” Scuffing Test to Evaluate Materials for Heavy-Duty Diesel Fuel Injectors

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Qu ◽  
John J. Truhan ◽  
Peter J. Blau ◽  
Ronald Ott
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel
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