Fuel Effects on Diesel Emissions - A New Understanding

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kwon ◽  
N Mann ◽  
D J Rickeard ◽  
R Haugland ◽  
Kjell Arne Ulvund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Fuel Effects

Comparison of Petroleum and Alternate-Source Diesel Fuel Effects on Light-Duty Diesel Emissions

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce B. Bykowski ◽  
Charles T. Hare ◽  
Robert L. Mason ◽  
Thomas M. Baines
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Alternate Source ◽  
Fuel Effects

Catalytic Oxidation Performance of Wall-Flow versus Flow-Through Monoliths for Diesel Emissions Control

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 3520-3530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos K. Dardiotis ◽  
Onoufrios A. Haralampous ◽  
Grigorios C. Koltsakis
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Emissions Control ◽  
Oxidation Performance ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Wall Flow

Comparison of Fuel Effects on Low Temperature Reactions in PPC and HCCI Combustion

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadeel Solaka Aronsson ◽  
Ida Truedsson ◽  
Martin Tuner ◽  
Bengt Johansson ◽  
William Cannella
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hcci Combustion ◽  
Fuel Effects

Effects of an Oxidation Catalytic Converter on Regulated and Unregulated Diesel Emissions

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Pataky ◽  
Kirby J. Baumgard ◽  
Linda D. Gratz ◽  
Susan T. Bagley ◽  
David G. Leddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Oxidation Catalytic Converter

Measurement of Biodiesel Blend and Conventional Diesel Spray Structure Using X-Ray Radiography

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Kastengren ◽  
C. F. Powell ◽  
K.-S. Im ◽  
Y.-J. Wang ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spray Structure ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Nozzle Geometries ◽  
Fuel Effects

The near-nozzle structure of several nonevaporating biodiesel-blend sprays has been studied using X-ray radiography. Radiography allows quantitative measurements of the fuel distribution in sprays to be made with high temporal and spatial resolution. Measurements have been made at different values of injection pressure, ambient density, and with two different nozzle geometries to understand the influences of these parameters on the spray structure of the biodiesel blend. These measurements have been compared with corresponding measurements of Viscor, a diesel calibration fluid, to demonstrate the fuel effects on the spray structure. Generally, the biodiesel-blend spray has a similar structure to the spray of Viscor. For the nonhydroground nozzle used in this study, the biodiesel-blend spray has a slightly slower penetration into the ambient gas than the Viscor spray. The cone angle of the biodiesel-blend spray is generally smaller than that of the Viscor spray, indicating that the biodiesel-blend spray is denser than the Viscor spray. For the hydroground nozzle, both fuels produce sprays with initially wide cone angles that transition to narrow sprays during the steady-state portion of the injection event. These variations in cone angle with time occur later for the biodiesel-blend spray than for the Viscor spray, indicating that the dynamics of the injector needle as it opens are somewhat different for the two fuels.

Pressure and fuel effects on turbulent consumption speeds of H2/CO blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1527-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Venkateswaran ◽  
Andrew Marshall ◽  
Jerry Seitzman ◽  
Tim Lieuwen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Effects

Diesel Emissions and Health

Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 216 (4544) ◽  
pp. 360-362
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Rosenkranz
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Emissions

Diesel Emission Test Stand for Advanced SCR Control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Noto ◽  
Athul Radhakrishnan ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Josh Ferreira ◽  
Marc Compere
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Nox Sensor ◽  
Diesel Emission ◽  
Tier 3

The combination of increasingly challenging emissions regulations and impending Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards of 54.5 mpg by 2025 presents auto makers with a challenge over the next 10 years. The most promising technologies currently available for meeting high fuel economy and low emissions regulations are increased hybridization, turbo downsizing, and increased Diesel engine implementation. Combining these into a hybrid turbo Diesel is an ideal transition technology for the very near future as battery and other alternative fuels become viable for widespread automotive use. This paper presents a Diesel emission test stand to improve Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems for light duty Diesel vehicles, particularly hybrid power systems that experience many start-stop events. Advanced modeling and control systems for SCR systems will further reduce tailpipe emissions below existing Tier structures and will prepare manufacturers to meet increasingly stringent Tier 3 standards beginning in 2017. SCR reduces oxides of Nitrogen, NO, and NO2, from otherwise untreated Diesel emissions. Scientific study has proved that inhaling this harmful exhaust gas is directly responsible for some forms of lung cancer and a variety of other respiratory diseases. In addition to EPA Tier emissions levels and CAFÉ standards, the On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) regulations require every vehicle’s emission control systems to actively report their status during all engine-on vehicle operation. Testing and development with production NOx sensors and production SCR components is critical to improving NOx reduction and for OEMs to meeting strict Tier 3 light duty emission standards. The test stand was designed for straightforward access to the NOx sensors, injector, pump and all exhaust components. A Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) followed by a Diesel Oxidizing Catalyst (DOC) precedes the Selective Catalytic Reducer (SCR) injector, mixing pipe and catalyst. An upstream NOx sensor reads engine-out NOx and the downstream NOx sensor reports the post catalyst NOx levels. Custom fabrication work was required to integrate the SCR mechanical components into a simple system with exhaust components easily accessible in a repeatable, controlled laboratory environment. A Diesel generator was used in combination with a custom designed resistive load bank to provide variable NOx emissions according to the EPA drive cycles. A production exhaust temperature sensor was calibrated and integrated into the software test manager. Production automotive NOx sensors and SCR injector, pump and heaters were mounted on a production light duty vehicle exhaust system. The normalized nature of NOx concentration in parts per million (ppm) allows the small Diesel generator to adequately represent larger Diesels for controls development purposes. Both signal level and power electronics were designed and tested to operate the SCR pump, injector, and three Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) heating elements. An Arduino-based Controller Area Network (CAN) communications network read the NOx Diesel emissions messages from the upstream and downstream sensors. The pump, injector, solenoid, and line heaters all functioned properly during DEF fluid injection. CAN and standard serial communications were used for Arduino and Matlab/Simulink based control and data logging software. Initial testing demonstrated partial and full NOx reduction. Overspray saturated the catalyst and demonstrated the production NOx sensor’s cross-sensitivity to ammonia. The ammonia was indistinguishable from NOx during saturation and motivates incorporation of a separate ammonia sensor.

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