scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Chloride, Hydrogen Peroxide and Malachite Green on Fungal Infection in Rainbow Trout Eggs.

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
NILUBOL KITANCHAROEN ◽  
ATSUSHI YAMAMOTO ◽  
KISHIO HATAI
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Malachite Green

scholarly journals Comparison of the Efficacy of Hydrogen Peroxide and Salt for Control of Fungal Infections on Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) Eggs

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolina Novakov ◽  
Vladislav Mandić ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Bojana Vidović ◽  
Nenad Stojanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hatching Rate

Background: Fungal infections can cause serious problems infecting fish eggs, especially unfertilized or dead eggs. In the past, this problem was solved by using very effective chemicals such as malachite green and formalin. But, due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity, malachite green was banned for use in fish intended for human consumption. Formalin also has been banned in most countries. Chemicals and drugs recommended for use to treat fungal infections are hydrogen peroxide, salt, potassium permanganate etc. The goal of the present study was to determine and compare the efficacy of antifungal effects of hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride on brown trout eggs.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in the brown trout hatchery, Šipovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The experimental groups contained 500 and 1000 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide with 15 and 30 min of exposition; 1 and 2.5% of sodium chloride with 15 and 30 min of exposition and a negative control group (no chemical treatment). The treatment concentrations were calculated and prepared from hydrogen peroxide of 35% active ingredient, and sodium chloride (sterilized) of 100% active ingredient. Eggs for the study were spawned from 11 females and 4 males. The first treatment was performed on the fourth day, and each next treatment was performed at 3-day intervals. Six treatments were administered until the 19th day after the fertilization. The treatment of the eggs was provided until the eggs reached the eyed stage. The effectiveness of the chemical treatments was measured by a hatch rate. There was a significant difference between all treated groups and the negative control group (P < 0.05). Hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 500 mg/L for 30 min was the most effective and demonstrated a higher hatching rate (75.7%). Sodium chloride treatments resulted in statistically significantly lower hatching rates than hydrogen peroxide treatments. The hatching rate in salt treatment with a concentration of 2.5% for 30 min was 27.3% lower than in hydrogen peroxide treatment with a concentration of 500 mg/L for 30 min.Discussion: Hydrogen peroxide is an effective antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral compound, and according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), hydrogen peroxide and salt are approved and classified as a low regulatory priority for the control of oomycetes on all species and life stages of fish. It is considered to be a very environmentally compatible chemical because it does not produce any toxic bioproducts when it decomposes. Hydrogen peroxide stood out as the best candidate substance for fungal control. The fact that the treatment with hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of 500 mg/L for 30 min was more effective than treatments at a concentration of 1000 mg/L can be explained by temperature dependency and treatment frequency of this chemical. Salt was not such an effective fungicide as hydrogen peroxide. When using salt, toxicity to the eggs should also be considered. Salt solutions may cause egg deaths at levels of 2.5% or higher. It is possible that high salinities have an inhibitory effect on the movement of fish embryo due to the high osmotic impact on the perivitelline layer. Thus, hydrogen peroxide has proven to be efficient, inexpensive, easy to use and environmentally safe in preventing fungal infections on brown trout eggs.

Efficacy of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride on fungal-infected rainbow trout eggs

Aquaculture ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Schreier ◽  
Jeff J. Rach ◽  
George E. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sodium Chloride

Fungicidal effect of hydrogen peroxide on fungal infection of rainbow trout eggs

Mycoscience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilubol Kitancharoen ◽  
Atsushi Yamamoto ◽  
Kishio Hatai
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungicidal Effect

Observations on Hydrogen Peroxide Control ofSaprolegniaspp. during Rainbow Trout Egg Incubation

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Barnes ◽  
Dean E. Ewing ◽  
Rick J. Cordes ◽  
Greg L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Egg Incubation

scholarly journals Mitigation of salinity stress in canola plants by sodium nitroprusside application

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Farouk ◽  
Sally A. Arafa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Anatomical Changes

Salinity is a global issue threatening land productivity and food production. The present study aimed to examine the role of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the alleviation of NaCl stress on different parameters of canola (Brassica napus L.) plant growth, yield as well as its physiological and anatomical characteristics. Canola plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in plastic pots and were exposed to 100 mM NaCl. At 50 and 70 days from sown, plants were sprayed with SNP (50 and 100 µM) solutions under normal or salinity condition. Growth and yield characters as well as some biochemical and anatomical changes were investigated under the experimental conditions. Salinity stress caused an extremely vital decline in plant growth and yield components. A significant increase was found in membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, sodium, chloride, proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic and phenol in canola plants under salinity stress. Under normal conditions, SNP application significantly increased all studies characters, except sodium, chloride, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, membrane permeability that markedly reduced. Application of SNP to salt-affected plants mitigated the injuries of salinity on plant growth, yield, and improved anatomical changes. The present investigation demonstrated that SNP has the potential to alleviate the salinity injurious on canola plants.

Hydrogen Peroxide Production by Gamma Radiolysis of Sodium Chloride Solutions Containing a Small Amount of Bromide Ion

2016 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniki Hata ◽  
Hiroyuki Inoue ◽  
Takao Kojima ◽  
Akihiro Iwase ◽  
Shigeki Kasahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Production ◽  
Chloride Solutions ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Bromide Ion
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