IGF-1 Partially Reproduces Beneficial Effect of Exercise Training on Glucose Tolerance in Normal Rats

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beneficial Effect

Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of Cotula cinerea (Del) in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1504-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Amssayef ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cotula Cinerea

Aims: The current investigation aimed to assess the antioxidant, antidiabetic and antilipidemic effects of the aqueous extract of aerial part of Cotula cinerea (C. cinerea). Background: Cotula cinerea (Del). which belongs to the Asteraceae family is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the effect of the aqueous C. cinerea extract on glucose and lipid metabolism in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using a single and repeated oral administration. Methods: A preliminary phytochemical screening and the quantification of phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant activity using three methods (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS) were carried out. The effect of a single and repeated (15 days of treatment) oral administration of the aqueous extract of aerial part of Cotula cinerea (AEAPCC) at a dose of 20 mg/kg on glucose and lipid profile was examined in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, histopathological examination of the pancreas and liver was carried out according to the Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Results: AEAPCC (20 mg/kg) showed a significant blood glucose-lowering activity in both normal and diabetic rats after a single and repeated oral administration during 15 days. The aqueous extract was also able to decrease the plasma triglycerides levels in both normal and diabetic rats after 15 days of oral treatment at a dose of 20 mg/Kg while no effect was observed on plasma cholesterol levels. In addition, the results show that AEAPCC exhibits an in vitro antioxidant activity using different tests. Histopathological analysis of the pancreas and liver of AEAPCC-treated diabetic rats has revealed that AEAPCC had a beneficial effect on the architecture of these organs while no improvement of glucose tolerance was noticed using the glucose tolerance test. Furthermore, the results showed that the extract is rich in several phytochemical compounds and exhibited an important antioxidant activity. The phytochemical screening revealed that AEAPCC contains polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, quinones, sterols, terpenoids, anthroquinones and reducing sugars. Whereas, it is free from glycosides. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Cotula cinerea possesses a beneficial effect on diabetes. Further investigations are required to study the mechanism of action of the antidiabetic effect of this plant.

Vitamin D status and resistance exercise training independently affect glucose tolerance in older adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa M. Kobza ◽  
James C. Fleet ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Travis B. Conley ◽  
Munro Peacock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training

Abstract P177: Effects of Gender, Race, and Glucose Tolerance on Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index Responses to Exercise Training

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanna M Ross ◽  
Cris A Slentz ◽  
Irina Shalaurova ◽  
Margery A Connelly ◽  
James D Otvos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Baseline Values

Introduction: Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index (LP-IR) is a novel spectroscopic multimarker linked to future diabetes risk. We recently assessed changes in LP-IR across the three STRRIDE trials, where on average, STRRIDE exercise interventions improved LP-IR. In the present study, we sought to determine if there were effects of gender, race, and glucose tolerance on LP-IR responses across the STRRIDE trials. Methods: A total of 461 adults with dyslipidemia (STRRIDE I and STRRIDE AT/RT) or prediabetes (STRRIDE-PD) were randomized to one of 7 exercise interventions, ranging from doses of 8-22 kcal/kg/week (KKW); intensities of 50-75% VO 2peak ; and durations of 6-9 months. Six groups included aerobic exercise, two groups included resistance training, and one group included dietary intervention (weight loss goal of 7%). Fasting blood samples were obtained at both baseline and 16-24 h after the final exercise bout. In STRRIDE-PD only (n=165), subjects completed oral glucose tolerance tests and were categorized into normal (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) groups at baseline. NMR spectroscopy was performed at LabCorp to determine LP-IR score (comprised of six lipoprotein subclass and size parameters). LP-IR score ranges from 0 (most insulin sensitive) to 100 (most insulin resistant). Irrespective of intervention group, we assessed change in LP-IR in three stratified analyses: by gender, race, and baseline glucose tolerance category. Paired t-tests determined whether the post- minus pre- intervention change scores within each group were significant (p<0.05). Analysis of covariance accounting for baseline values determined difference among groups. Results: At baseline, women had lower LP-IR scores compared to men (47.8 ± 22.3 vs 62.6 ± 21.5; p<0.0001). Both women and men significantly improved LP-IR following exercise training by -4.3 ± 15.0 and -8.0 ± 15.6 points, respectively. There were also significant baseline differences when stratified by race. Black subjects had lower baseline LP-IR scores compared to White subjects (43.2 ± 20.7 vs 56.3 ± 23.0; p<0.0001). After exercise training, Black subjects significantly improved their LP-IR score by -4.0 ± 14.6 points; White subjects significantly improved their LP-IR score by -6.2 ± 15.5 points. As expected, those with NGT had lower baseline LP-IR scores compared to those with IGT in STRRIDE-PD (49.0 ± 20.0 vs 64.4 ± 19.9; p<0.0001). Both NGT and IGT groups significantly improved LP-IR by -4.3 ± 14.6 and -7.6 ± 12.9 points, respectively. In all three stratified analyses, change in LP-IR was not significantly different among groups after controlling for baseline values. Conclusion: There were significant baseline differences in LP-IR among gender, racial, and glucose tolerance groups. However, after adjusting for these baseline differences, there were similar beneficial responses to exercise in this marker of insulin resistance.

Effect of exercise training on glucose homeostasis in normal and insulin-deficient diabetic rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Goodyear ◽  
M. F. Hirshman ◽  
S. M. Knutson ◽  
E. D. Horton ◽  
E. S. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

The effect of 8-wk of treadmill training on plasma glucose, insulin, and lipid concentrations, oral glucose tolerance, and glucose uptake in the perfused hindquarter of normal and streptozocin-treated, diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats was studied. Diabetic rats with initial plasma glucose concentrations of 200-450 mg/dl and control rats were divided into trained and sedentary subgroups. Training resulted in lower plasma free fatty acid concentrations and increased triceps muscle citrate synthase activity in both the control and diabetic rats; triglyceride concentrations were lowered by training only in the diabetic animals. Oral glucose tolerance and both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in hindquarter skeletal muscle were impaired in the diabetic rats, and plasma glucose concentrations (measured weekly) gradually increased during the experiment. Training did not improve the hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, or decreased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in the diabetic rats, nor did it alter these parameters in the normal control animals. In considering our results and those of previous studies in diabetic rats, we propose that exercise training may improve glucose homeostasis in animals with milder degrees of diabetes but fails to cause improvement in the more severely insulin-deficient, diabetic rat.

scholarly journals Sensitivity to insulin of glycolysis and glycogen synthesis of isolated soleus-muscle strips from sedentary, exercised and exercise-trained rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Espinal ◽  
G L Dohm ◽  
E A Newsholme
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Maximal Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The half-maximal stimulation of the rates of glycolysis and glycogen synthesis in soleus-muscle strips from sedentary animals occurred at a concentration of insulin of about 100 microunits/ml. In soleus-muscle strips from exercise-trained rats (5 weeks of treadmill training), half-maximal stimulation of the rate of glycolysis occurred at about 10 microunits of insulin/ml, whereas that for glycogen synthesis occurred between 10 and 100 microunits of insulin/ml. The sensitivity of glycolysis to insulin after exercise training is similar to that of adipose tissue from sedentary animals. This finding suggests that, in sedentary animals, the effects of normal changes in insulin concentration may affect muscle primarily indirectly via the anti-lipolytic effect on adipose tissue, whereas after training insulin may effect the rate of glycolysis in muscle directly. A single period of exercise did not change the sensitivity of glycolysis in soleus muscle to insulin, nor probably that of glycogen synthesis. It is suggested that the improvement in insulin sensitivity of glycolysis in muscle caused by exercise-training could account, in part, for the well-established improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity observed in man and rats after exercise-training.

BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND LIPID PROFILE BY PROGRAMMED EXERCISE TRAINING IN TAIWANESE PATIENTS WITH MILD HYPERTENSION

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Chen Tsai ◽  
Wen-Yin Chang ◽  
Ching-Chiu Kao ◽  
Meei-Shiow Lu ◽  
Yi-Jen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Mild Hypertension

Autophagy in Skeletal Muscle is Required for Exercise Training-Induced Improvement in Glucose Tolerance

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Vitor A. Lira ◽  
Mitsuharu Okutsu ◽  
Yasir N. Akhtar ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Zhen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance

EXERCISE TRAINING AND THE RESPONSE OF NITRIC OXIDE TO AN ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST (OGTT)

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S11
Author(s):  
J A. McKenzie ◽  
E P. Weiss ◽  
J J. Park ◽  
J Y. Park ◽  
O Kulaputana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance
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