scholarly journals Social Hygiene Movement and Psychology: Towards Another Paradigm in Mental Health

Psychology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (05) ◽  
pp. 934-944
Author(s):  
Rafael Nogueira Furtado ◽  
Juliana Aparecida de Oliveira Camilo ◽  
George Moraes de Luiz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Social Hygiene Movement

Medical Men, Moralists, and the Roots of Sex Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-66
Author(s):  
Kristy L. Slominski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Joint Strategy ◽  
Social Hygiene Movement

Chapter 1 examines the liberal Protestant roots of the American Social Hygiene Association (ASHA), a clearinghouse for the early sex education movement. ASHA emerged from the combination of two distinct movements: social purity and social hygiene. Liberal Protestantism came to influence sex education through the merging of these strands and the collective realization that scientific information was not enough to influence sexual behavior. This chapter locates the roots of ASHA in social purity groups of the 1870s, many of which were led by Unitarians and Quakers and focused on ridding society of prostitution. The chapter explores their evolving relationship with the physician-dominated social hygiene movement that began in the early twentieth century, demonstrating that liberal religious concerns about sexual morality impacted sex education through the dynamic interactions between purity reformers and social hygienists. ASHA became the organization within which both groups developed a joint strategy for teaching the moral side of sex.

scholarly journals ‘Apostles of Continence’: Doctors and the Doctrine of Sexual Necessity in Progressive-Era America

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Social Hygiene Movement

In the first decades of the twentieth century, a group of doctors under the banner of the social hygiene movement set out on what seemed an improbable mission: to convince American men that they did not need sex. This was in part a response to venereal disease. Persuading young men to adopt the standard of sexual discipline demanded of women was the key to preserving the health of the nation from the ravages of syphilis and gonorrhoea. But their campaign ran up against the doctrine of male sexual necessity, a doctrine well established in medical thought and an article of faith for many patients. Initially, social hygienists succeeded in rallying much of the medical community. But this success was followed by a series of setbacks. Significant dissent remained within the profession. Even more alarmingly, behavioural studies proved that many men simply were not listening. The attempt to repudiate the doctrine of male sexual necessity showed the ambition of Progressive-era doctors, but also their powerlessness in the face of entrenched beliefs about the linkage in men between sex, health and success.

scholarly journals PSYCHO-HYGIENE AND PSYCHO-PROPHYLAXIS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF SPECIALISTS PARTICIPATING IN THE ELIMINATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION ACCIDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 900-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg I. Kravtsov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Medical Psychology ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Radiation Accidents ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field

In the article there is considered the content of the terms of such branches of science as "psycho-hygiene" and "psycho-prophylaxis", the history of the incurrence, tasks, structure, interrelationship and significance in the activity of specialists taking part in the elimination of consequences of radiation accidents and incidents. Psycho-hygiene, presenting a part of general hygiene, is an interdisciplinary field of scientific knowledge referred to general and social hygiene, social and medical psychology, and psychiatry also. It deals with the influence of various environmental factors and labor activity on the mental health of a person, as well as the development and implementation of measures to preserve people's mental health at the public, group and individual levels. The main subject of psycho-hygiene is mentally healthy people, and the most important task is the creation and provision of conditions for the formation of a harmoniously developed personality. In psycho-hygiene, like any other science, there are several areas of activity. These are: fundamental, applied and practical. In the form of the implementation of measures, it is divided into preventive, restorative and curative. Psycho-prophylaxis is a system of state, social, psychological, hygienic and medical measures aimed at ensuring a high level of mental health and preventing the occurrence of mental disorders. Psycho-prophylaxis has such main subject as subclinical, painful manifestations in the psyche of people, in the conditions of occurrence and impact of unfavorable and stressful factors on the person. It develops and implements measures to prevent the occurrence of mental illness, and also facilitates the rehabilitation of people with mental disorders. Considerable attention is paid to the role and importance of psycho-hygiene and psycho-prophylaxis in the activity of emergency rescue teams. In the course of the elimination of consequences of radiation accidents and incidents, in this category there is possible the appearance of psychological trauma with a complex, specific and multifactorial stress effect that underlies a whole spectrum of mental disorders. The implementation of a complex of timely psycho-preventive measures will allow reveal initial signs of mental disadaptation, psychosomatic pathology, emotional burnout and determine effective measures for restoring and preserving mental health in emergency rescue specialists of teams of Federal Medical Biophysical Centre of the the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia.

The Present Status and Functions of the Child-Guidance Movement in Great Britain, and its Possible Future Developments

1939 ◽  
Vol 85 (356) ◽  
pp. 505-521
Author(s):  
Douglas R. MacCalman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
National Council ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Child Guidance ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Wide Range

The title of this paper may seem over-ambitious in the scope which it predicts, for it is obvious that much more space would be required to cover all the ground. It should be made clear that we are concerned here mainly with the administrative side of child guidance, which has of late years become a vital concern to the members of this Association. During the past few years there has been growing in the minds of all those interested in the promotion and preservation of mental health a belief that a co-ordination of existing mental health services should be carried out. At present these services are too sporadic and are uneven both in distribution and efficiency. London and the great cities are rich in mental health services of all kinds, but in the counties and smaller towns there are but meagre provisions. This is well illustrated by the voluntary societies concerned with the treatment and prevention of mental illness. There is, for example, the Home and School Council, which works on the principle that a better relation between parents and teachers constitutes a creative force in mental health, and further provides a unique channel through which mental health knowledge can be brought before the general public without the risks attached to indiscriminate propaganda. Another society, at the other end of the scale, is the Mental After-Care Association, which attempts to bridge the difficult gap which patients experience between leaving a mental hospital and taking up life in the ordinary world again. Yet another society is the National Council of Mental Hygiene, whose broad aims are to educate the public in mental health matters, to promote closer association between psychiatry and general medicine, to further the early treatment of mental disorders, etc. The Central Association for Mental Welfare was, at its inception, mainly interested in the problems of mental defect, but now has a wide range of activities, such as the organization of training courses for medical officers, teachers and mental welfare workers, co-ordinating local activities in many areas and making provision for cases which fall outside the scope of smaller authorities, and undertaking public activities relating to propaganda and the promotion of legislation. In a more limited field the Child Guidance Council attempts to encourage the provision of skilled treatment for children showing behaviour disturbances or early symptoms of nervous and mental disorder and, in general, to further the practice of child guidance. In addition to those societies which are directly concerned with mental health, there are many others, such as the British Social Hygiene Council, the National Association of Probation Officers, the R.S.P.C.A., the Howard League, the National Institute of Industrial Psychology, whose work lie on the borders of this field. It is obvious that there is a great deal of overlapping, and the need for co-ordination is being attained through a temporary reconstruction committee under the chairmanship of Lord Feversham, which will shortly publish a report.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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