scholarly journals Markov Chain Approach to Projection of Secondary School Enrolment and Projection of Teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 533-555
Author(s):  
M. N. Egbo ◽  
D. C. Bartholomew ◽  
J. U. Okeke ◽  
E. N. Okeke
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Markov Chain Approach ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment

scholarly journals Empowering Women, Developing Society: Female Education in the Middle East and North Africa

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Faraneh Roudi-Fahimi ◽  
Valentine M. Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment ◽  
And Gender

Education is a key part of strategies to improve individuals' well-being and societies' economic and social development. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) (countries and territories included in the Middle East and North Africa as defined here are listed in Table 1), access to education has improved dramatically over the past few decades, and there have been a number of encouraging trends in girls' and women's education (see Figure 1). Primary school enrolment is high or universal in most MENA countries, and gender gaps in secondary school enrolment have already disappeared in several countries. Women in MENA countries are also more likely to enrol in universities than they were in the past.

Education Performance and the Determinants of Secondary School Enrolment in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Lilik Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Enrolment Rate ◽  
Education Inequality ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment ◽  
Education Performance

Objective - The development in education sector as one form of human capital development has been implemented in Indonesia. Some government programs have been attempted as an alternative solution to improve the quality of education. Methodology/Technique - The paper calculates and analyses an education inequality in Indonesia from 2005 to 2012, and the logit model conducted to estimate the probability of school attendance particularly in secondary school, both in junior and high school. Findings - The result was very significant which is in term of enrolment rate, the primary education was more equal. However, the data found that the enrolment rate of secondary school was lower than the primary school which was 89.29% of junior school, and 68.45% of high school in 2012. In general there has been education performance improvements in Indonesia during 2005 to 2012.There was a magnitude decrease of education Gini index from 0.353 in 2005 to 0.318 in 2012. In term of location, using the education Lorenz curve it was found that the education inequality was higher in rural than in urban area. There was a strong negative correlation between Mean Years of Schooling and the education Gini index, increasing the mean years of schooling, the education performance will be more equal. Moreover, gender of a child, household characteristics, i.e. father's education, mother's education, poverty status, and geographic location of households, in rural and urban area had a strong and significant effects on secondary school enrolment in Indonesia. Novelty - The study uses Gini index, Lorenz Curve and Logit model to determine educational performance. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: School Enrolment; Gini Index; Lorenz Curve; Education Inequality; Logit Model; Indonesia. JEL Classification: I20, I21, I23.

scholarly journals Applying an Evolutionary Growth Theory for Sustainable Economic Development: The Effect of International Students as Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Soyer ◽  
Hale Ozgit ◽  
Husam Rjoub
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment ◽  
Evolutionary Growth

In this globalized era of strict competition, all actors in countries must focus on their strengths for continuous growth, which would presumably lead to sustainable economic development. Amongst the three components of sustainable development, this paper focuses on the economic and social aspects. Many countries are becoming service-oriented for economic growth. Education is a form of human capital investment which significantly contributes to countries’ national income via students, particularly international cross-border students in higher education institutions. While endogenous growth models dismiss the importance of governments in the growth process, in this paper, the Keynesian and new growth theories are combined to form an evolutionary growth theory. This research aims to analyze the short and long-term relationships between macroeconomic variables, international students, and their impact on the gross domestic product (GDP) of a small island with the intention of policy implications for stakeholders to reach or maintain sustainable economic development. Using an evolutionary growth theory with 34 years of time-series data on quarterly base, the vector autocorrection (VAR) model helps reveal the short and long-run relationships as well as impacts on the economy for sustainable economic growth. The results confirmed a long-run relationship via cointegration. Moreover, they approved bidirectional causality between student numbers, general secondary school enrolment, and GDP. Findings suggest significant implications for all stakeholders, particularly for higher education institutions, the government, and local citizens due to the importance of micro and macro-economic variables’ effect on GDP. The results prove that educated human capital contributes to economic growth. Governments should continue their existing strategy regarding secondary school enrolment rates as it is found to be the most effective variable in the long-run. As education, knowledge, and information transfer rises, it contributes to sustainable development through promoting social stability. Limitation of the unavailability of the total yearly population, GDP was opted instead of GDP per capita.

scholarly journals The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth in Ethiopia: Evidence from Time Series Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-73
Author(s):  
Mekoro Arega
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

The general objective of the study was to analyze the impact of human capital development on economic growth in Ethiopia over the period 1974/5 -2018/9. The econometric models of Johnesan cointegration, VECM and causality tests were applied to analysis short-run and long-run impact of Human capital on Economic growth. The result of the error correction model shows that the model is adjusting at a relatively stable rate of 74.3% towards the long-run equilibrium. Furthermore, the result shows that human capital proxied of (primary and secondary school enrolments) and active labour force have a positive statistical significant long run and short-run effect on economic growth in Ethiopia. Such findings are consistent with the endogenous growth theories which argue that an improvement in human capital (skilled workers) improves productivity. In addition, results reveal that education expenditure and life expectancy at birth have a positive and statistically significant long-run effect on economic growth. However, the expenditure on health, secondary school enrolment and official development assistance are statically significant and have an unexpected negative impact on long-run economic growth. Furthermore, the short-run causality tests results reveal that public expenditure on education, primary school enrolment, secondary school enrolment and RGDP have unidirectional causal effects. Hence policymakers and/or the government give prioritize to create institutional capacity that increase school enrolment and strengthening the infrastructure or investment of educational and health institutions that produce quality of manpower to increase productivity.

Human capital flight and output growth nexus: evidence from Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluyemi Theophilus Adeosun ◽  
Oluwaseyi Omowunmi Popogbe
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Migration Rate ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Capital Flight ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary School Enrolment ◽  
Human Capital Flight ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Human capital flight from developing countries to developed nations has been rising and giving concerns to governments and scholars alike. This paper aims to explore the impact migration from Nigeria has on economic output growth by focusing on the migration rate, remittances, population growth and secondary school enrolment. This has not received adequate attention in the literature, as many papers have primarily focused on the impact of remittances on economic growth. Design/methodology/approach Leveraging on the macro-level approach to migration, remittances and the economy, this research considers the nexus among the human capital flight and output growth variables by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method of analysis for time series data between 1986 and 2018. Findings The net migration rate from Nigeria was found from the empirical analysis to be more disadvantageous for the economy, given its negative relationship with economic growth despite the large volume of foreign incomes (remittances). It also shows that secondary school enrolment positively and significantly impacted the Nigerian growth rate in the long run. Originality/value This research has widened the use of variables by combining net migration rate, remittances from abroad, population growth rate and secondary school enrolment to obtain a more robust outcome with implications for research and practice.

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