scholarly journals Observational Study of a Multi-Active Ingredient Over-the-Counter Cold Remedy Following Active Pharmacist Recommendation

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Gillian Lisa Phillipson ◽  
John David Hull ◽  
Bolesław Samoliński
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Cold Remedy

scholarly journals Outcome and complications of self-administration of over-the-counter abortion pills: an observational study in a tertiary care hospital of a medical college in New Delhi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3148
Author(s):  
Anjali Singh ◽  
Sruthi Bhaskaran ◽  
Anshuja Singla
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Medical Termination

Background: Due to unrestricted free availability of abortion pills, despite of national policies, guidelines and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) act, unsafe abortions by self-administration of these drugs for termination of unwanted pregnancies without prescription are becoming common in our country, leading to associated morbidity and mortality.Methods: A prospective Observational study was done at Guru Teg Bahadur hospital, university college of medical sciences, New Delhi, from November 2019 to April 2020, in the department of gynecology and obstetrics, on women visiting the outpatient department and casualty department with the history of self-administration of medical termination pills without prescription. This study was done to study the outcome and complications occurring due to self-administration of over-the-counter abortion pills that are freely available in the market. 95 women were included in study and data was collected regarding age, education level, parity, presenting complaints, complications and their management. Descriptive analysis of the collected data was done.Results: In this study 95 women were included 71.6% took pills before 8 weeks of gestation, 1% took in second trimester. 46.3% landed up in incomplete abortion and 33.68% needed surgical evacuation, 8.42% had ectopic out, 2.1% had scar site pregnancy and 7.36% needed laparotomy, 1.05% had rupture uterus followed by abortion pill intake while 1.05% suffered from acute kidney injury (AKI). There was no ICU admission nor any mortality.Conclusions: There is urgent need of strict legislation to curtail this bad practice and free availability of over-the-counter abortion pills which leads to unexpected morbidity and mortality, such drugs should be given only by health care providers under supervision, there is need of community level awareness so as to impart knowledge regarding this problem. 

scholarly journals Phenylephrine, a common cold remedy active ingredient, suppresses uterine contractions through cAMP signalling

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingjuan Chen ◽  
Marya Meroueh ◽  
Gabriela Mazur ◽  
Evan Rouse ◽  
Karmjot Singh Hundal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Camp Signalling ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Cold Remedy

scholarly journals Determination of efficacy and toxicity of diclofenac microemulsion formulation for musculoskeletal pain: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoan Linh Banh ◽  
Andrew Cave
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Hydrophilic Drug ◽  
Oral Agents ◽  
Minimal Improvement ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract OBJECTIVE : Musculoskeletal pain is often caused by injury to the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments or nerves. Symptoms can be localized or generalized. Mild-moderate symptoms are treated with topical/oral over the counter drugs. Microemulsion delivery formulations are thermodynamically stable, have superior bioavailability and better penetration of lipophilic and hydrophilic drug into the dermis. A prospective observational study in patients: 18 years or older, with mild-moderate musculoskeletal pain; with severe pain without adequate pain control; with severe pain and could not tolerate oral agents; with renal impairment were invited to try diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam. They were followed up at 2 and 4 weeks. A 50% reduction on a visual analog pain scale was considered success. Adverse events were defined as irritation, gastrointestinal upset/bleed, rectal bleed, and hematemesis. The objective was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam. RESULTS : Thirteen consecutive patients with musculoskeletal pain consented to participate. Two patients were lost to follow up. Two of the 11 patients reported minimal improvement, while nine patients reported minimum 50% reduction. No adverse effects were reported. Diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate musculoskeletal pain and well tolerated.

scholarly journals Adverse Event Trends Associated with Over-the-counter Combination Cold Remedy: Data Mining of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayaka Sasaoka ◽  
Haruna Hatahira ◽  
Shiori Hasegawa ◽  
Yumi Motooka ◽  
Akiho Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Drug Event ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Event Report ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Cold Remedy

scholarly journals Pain, Self-Medication and Administration of Over-The-Counter Analgesics: An Observational Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Salman Shaikh ◽  
Yusra Saleem ◽  
Shamoon Noushad ◽  
Sadaf Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Over The Counter

scholarly journals DYSMENORRHEA MANAGEMENT BY NON-MEDICAL FACULTIES STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA IN 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
MARISKA SRI HARLIANTI ◽  
RATIH DWI WIDIASTUTI
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dysmenorrhea management by non-medical Faculties Students of Universitas MuhammadiyahSurakarta through self-medication.Methods: An observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted across 394 respondents at non-medical Faculties of UniversitasMuhammadiyah Surakarta. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were obtained using questionnaire that filled out byrespondents.Results: Among the 394 respondents, 100% managed dysmenorrhea by non-pharmacological treatment (88.78%, 53.83%, and 42.35% weresleeping and taking a rest, eating nutritrious food, and compressing with warm water), whereas 160 (40.82%) respondents managed dysmenorrheaby taking medicines (70.62%, 16.88%, 11.25% and 1.25% were unidentified, over the counter, mandatory drug pharmacy [Obat Wajib Apotek], andprescription only medicine).Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea management among non-medical Faculties Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah frequently appropriate. The role ofpharmacists in providing information about medicine used by community was very important because many respondents do not know the names orbrands.

scholarly journals Determination of efficacy and toxicity of diclofenac microemulsion formulation for musculoskeletal pain: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoan Linh Banh ◽  
Andrew Cave
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Hydrophilic Drug ◽  
Oral Agents ◽  
Minimal Improvement ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Musculoskeletal pain is often caused by injury to the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments or nerves. Symptoms can be localized or generalized. Mild-moderate symptoms are treated with topical/oral over the counter drugs. Microemulsion delivery formulations are thermodynamically stable, have superior bioavailability and better penetration of lipophilic and hydrophilic drug into the dermis. A prospective observational study in patients: 18 years or older, with mild-moderate musculoskeletal pain; with severe pain without adequate pain control; with severe pain could not tolerate oral agents; with renal impairment were invited to try diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam. They were followed up every 2 weeks for a month. A 50% reduction on a visual analog pain scale is considered success. Adverse events were defined as irritation, gastrointestinal upset/bleed, rectal bleed, and hematemesis. The objective is to determine the efficacy and toxicity of diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam. RESULTS: Thirteen consecutive patients with musculoskeletal pain consented to participate. Two patients were lost to follow up. Two of the 11 patients reported minimal improvement, while nine patients reported minimum 50% reduction. No adverse effects were reported. Diclofenac 2% in microemulsion foam is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate musculoskeletal pain and well tolerated.

scholarly journals What is the Role of Over 100 Excipients in Over the Counter (OTC) Cough Medicines?

Lung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-734
Author(s):  
Ronald Eccles
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Information ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
And Function

Abstract Most medicines are white bitter powders that are formulated as tablets and capsules but cough medicines are an exception where the taste and appearance of the medicine are more important to the patient than the pharmacology of the active ingredient. Excipients are generally defined as any ingredient in a medicine other than the active ingredient. In most medicines excipients play a supportive role in delivering the medicine, but in the case of cough medicines, excipients have more important and complex roles and they can also be the main active ingredient of the cough medicine as menthol, glycerol, and sugars, which are declared as active ingredients. This review searched the United Kingdom electronic medicines compendium (emc) and found over 100 excipients in 60 different liquid formulations of over the counter cough medicines. The excipients were divided into functional groups: sweeteners, thickeners, flavors, colors, antimicrobials, and buffers, and the incidence and function of the different excipients is discussed. When considering the efficacy of a cough medicine, clinicians and pharmacists tend to think of the pharmacology of antitussives such as dextromethorphan or expectorants such as guaifenesin, and they rarely consider the role of excipients in the efficacy of the medicine. This review discusses the functions and importance of excipients in cough medicines and provides some new information for clinicians, pharmacists, and all interested in the treatment of cough when considering the composition and efficacy of a cough medicine.

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