scholarly journals Chemical Structural Formulas of Single-Bonded Ions Using the “Even-Odd” Rule Encompassing Lewis’s Octet Rule: Application to Position of Single-Charge and Electron-Pairs in Hypo- and Hyper-Valent Ions with Main Group Elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffroy Auvert
Keyword(s):  
Main Group ◽  
Single Charge ◽  
Main Group Elements ◽  
Electron Pairs ◽  
Structural Formulas ◽  
Rule Application ◽  
Octet Rule

scholarly journals The Zintl–Klemm concept applied to cations in oxides. I. The structures of ternary aluminates

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Santamaría-Pérez ◽  
Angel Vegas
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Sphere ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Tetrahedral Coordination ◽  
Main Group Elements ◽  
Binary Oxides ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Octet Rule

The structures of 94 ternary aluminates are reinterpreted on the basis of the Zintl–Klemm concept and Pearson's generalized octet rule. In aluminates of highly electropositive metals such as alkali, alkaline-earth and rare-earth metals, the Al atoms form three-dimensional skeleta which can be interpreted as if the Al atoms were behaving as Zintl polyanions, adopting the structure of either main-group elements or Zintl polyanions showing the same connectivity. The O atoms are then located close to both the hypothetical two-electron bonds and the lone pairs, giving rise to a tetrahedral coordination. When more electronegative elements, such as W or Si, are present in the compound, the electron transfer towards the Al atoms does not take place. In this case, aluminium behaves as a base, transferring its electrons to the more electronegative atoms and the coordination sphere of aluminium becomes octahedral. In some compounds the Al atoms clearly show amphoteric character so that some Al atoms act as donors (bases) and hence are octahedrally coordinated, whereas others behave as acceptors (acids), adopting a tetrahedral coordination. From this it is concluded that the coordination sphere of aluminium is not a function of the ionic radius of the Al3+ cations, but it depends on the nature of the other cations accompanying them in the structure. The networks formed by these aluminates are, in many instances, similar to those of the binary oxides of the main-group elements. For this reason, a systematic survey of these oxides is also reported. Compounds such as stuffed cristobalites and trydimites and also perovskites are examples of this new interpretation. Perovskites are then reinterpreted as a stuffed pseudo-TeO3 structure. Other families of compounds such as silicates and phosphates are susceptible to a similar interpretation. This study provides additional examples of how cations recognize themselves in spite of being embedded in an oxygen matrix.

F Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois Haas ◽  
Dieter Koschel ◽  
Ulrich Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Main Group ◽  
Main Group Elements

To Bend or Not to Bend, the Dilemma of Multiple Bonds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Pizzocchero ◽  
Matteo Bonfanti ◽  
Rocco Martinazzo
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Main Group ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Multiple Bonds ◽  
Main Group Elements ◽  
Structural Distortions

The manuscript addresses the issue of the structural distortions occurring at multiple bonds between high main group elements, focusing on group 14. These distortions are known as trans-bending in silenes, disilenes and higher group analogues, and buckling in 2D materials likes silicene and germanene. A simple but correlated \sigma + \pi model is developed and validated with first-principles calculations, and used to explain the different behaviour of second- and higher- row elements.

The use of main-group elements to mimic catalytic behavior of transition metals I: reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia catalyzed by bis(Lewis base)borylenium diradicals

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (48) ◽  
pp. 28423-28433
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Chun-Guang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Lewis Base ◽  
Main Group Elements ◽  
Catalytic Behavior ◽  
Metal Free

An emerging class of compounds, bis(Lewis base)borylenium diradicals with an electron-rich boron(i) center, are potential metal-free catalysts for dinitrogen activation and reduction.

ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonds Between Main Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 84. Organoosmium Oxides: Efficient Syntheses and Structures.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
W. A. HERRMANN ◽  
S. J. EDER ◽  
P. KIPROF ◽  
K. RYPDAL ◽  
P. WATZLOWIK
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Multiple Bonds ◽  
Main Group Elements
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