scholarly journals The Analysis of Human Development Index (HDI) for Categorizing the Member States of the United Nations (UN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
pp. 661-690
Author(s):  
Sivarajah Mylevaganam
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Member States ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The United Nations

Time indicator of the Human Development Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
R Ibar-Alonso ◽  
C Cosculluela-Martínez ◽  
GJD Hewings
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Fisher Discriminant ◽  
The United Nations

The Human Development Index, computed by the United Nations, has been challenged since it does not measure the real development of a country. It needs to be combined with other indexes and ratios (poverty, Gini index). Using the same data as the United Nations, an additional dimension (time) is added to create a Time Human Development Index (THDI) where the weights differ for each cluster of countries. Fisher discriminant functions classify countries in each period of time, allowing different weights of the variables for the same country each year. Results suggest that when the Literacy and gross enrolment rates decrease in the four countries occupying the lower positions in the THDI, the THDI falls. In those countries where the THDI increases, gross domestic product and life expectancy rates do not seem to be positively correlated to the THDI, while the gross enrolment rate also increases. Thus, gross enrolment and literacy rates are variables related to the evolution of THDI; while, surprisingly, gross domestic product and life expectancy has few influence in its evolution.

scholarly journals An Alternative Human Development Index Considering Unemployment

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Taner ◽  
Bülent Sezen ◽  
Hakan Mıhcı
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

An Alternative Human Development Index Considering UnemploymentThe Human Development Index (HDI) has played an influential role in the debate on human development (HD) for many years. However, no index is perfect and neither is the HDI of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). This paper aims to construct a new composite index for the development performance of a sample of 30 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries by adding a fourth indicator, namely the unemployment index, to the calculation of HDI. The addition of the unemployment factor to the HDI as a new indicator has the potential to make the index more comprehensive and present a suitable approach for assessing the development performance of countries.

scholarly journals O que os indicadores socioeconômicos IDHM e IPC nos revelam em distintas realidades urbanas: São Paulo (SP) e Fortaleza (CE)

Terr Plural ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nilton Manoel Lacerda Adão ◽  
Edson Belo Clemente Souza
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The City ◽  
Prosperity Index

This paper aims to analyze the possibilities and limitations of using synthetic indicators using two globally applied systems as a reference, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) and the City Prosperity Index-CPI. Therefore, aims to analyze two different urban realities: São Paulo (SP) and Fortaleza (CE), based on two indexes: The Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) of the United Nations Program (PNUD) and the City Prosperity Index (CPI) started in 2012 by the United Nations Program for Human Settlements (ONU-Habitat). The MHDI is based on indicators in three dimensions: longevity, education, and family income, while the CPI measures the characteristics of the municipalities in terms of productivity, infrastructure, inclusion and social equity, quality of life, environmental sustainability, and governance and legislation. Comparative analysis of the results of indicators that reveal the limitations and potentials considered for the construction of improved systems indicators. It is noticed, from the analyzed properties, factors that go beyond the character of the indicator must be considered. Efficiency in the collection, acceptance of the target audience, and qualitative analysis must be considered in use for the adequate measurement of the actions developed in the municipal public management and for the understanding of the appropriate and social changes in the cities.

scholarly journals A Unified Model of Shariah Indices for Human Development and Prosperity

ICR Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-313
Author(s):  
Atiq-ur-Rehman ◽  
Ishaq Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Unified Model ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Development Data ◽  
The United Nations

In recent years, several attempts have been made to measure human prosperity using shariah objectives. These, however, have failed to propose a unified model that incorporates the ‘means to achieve these objectives’. This paper attempts to fill this gap by arguing that a large proportion of shariah-led prosperity measures are in line with the United Nations’ Millennium and Sustainable Development (MSD) goals to achieve global development targets and reduce poverty. This paper proposes a global unified model for a human development index that identifies existing development data that can be utilised in accordance with the objectives of shariah. The proposed model attempts to build a bridge between shariah-based Islamic development indices and MSD goals to achieve prosperity via religiosity. 

scholarly journals Country-Level Relationships of the Human Intake of N and P, Animal and Vegetable Food, and Alcoholic Beverages with Cancer and Life Expectancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7240
Author(s):  
Josep Penuelas ◽  
Tamás Krisztin ◽  
Michael Obersteiner ◽  
Florian Huber ◽  
Hannes Winner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Per Capita

Background: The quantity, quality, and type (e.g., animal and vegetable) of human food have been correlated with human health, although with some contradictory or neutral results. We aimed to shed light on this association by using the integrated data at country level. Methods: We correlated elemental (nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) compositions and stoichiometries (N:P ratios), molecular (proteins) and energetic traits (kilocalories) of food of animal (terrestrial or aquatic) and vegetable origin, and alcoholic beverages with cancer prevalence and mortality and life expectancy (LE) at birth at the country level. We used the official databases of United Nations (UN), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health, and Eurobarometer, while also considering other possibly involved variables such as income, mean age, or human development index of each country. Results: The per capita intakes of N, P, protein, and total intake from terrestrial animals, and especially alcohol were significantly and positively associated with prevalence and mortality from total, colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. In contrast, high per capita intakes of vegetable N, P, N:P, protein, and total plant intake exhibited negative relationships with cancer prevalence and mortality. However, a high LE at birth, especially in underdeveloped countries was more strongly correlated with a higher intake of food, independent of its animal or vegetable origin, than with other variables, such as higher income or the human development index. Conclusions: Our analyses, thus, yielded four generally consistent conclusions. First, the excessive intake of terrestrial animal food, especially the levels of protein, N, and P, is associated with higher prevalence of cancer, whereas equivalent intake from vegetables is associated with lower prevalence. Second, no consistent relationship was found for food N:P ratio and cancer prevalence. Third, the consumption of alcoholic beverages correlates with prevalence and mortality by malignant neoplasms. Fourth, in underdeveloped countries, reducing famine has a greater positive impact on health and LE than a healthier diet.

scholarly journals Formation of the EU Development Index

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Vladislavs Vesperis
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Member States ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract In the context of the global financial-economic crisis it becomes important to find a stronger base for assessment of the socio-economic development and, in particular, search for better indicators. Therefore, the hypothesis is set that it is necessary to develop the EU Development Index, which will provide better assessment of an on-going socio-economic change. The objective of the article is to describe the EU Development Index calculation results and compare them with the Human Development Index values for each Member state of the EU. Ranking list of the EU Member States according to the Human Development Index values did not change substantially, suggesting that the Human Development Index inadequately responds to key socioenvironmental changes that occurred during the global financial economic crisis. At the same time, a number of countries show a sharp decline of the EU development index values, reflecting the impact of global economic crisis, while some countries with a high level of public debt and low confidence of the financial markets have remained in their positions by the both indexes in the year 2009. However, these countries most probably will be forced to make the considerable fiscal discipline measures, which inevitably will have an impact on GDP and income indicators in these countries, therefore their rankings in the coming years will deteriorate. Completely impartial assessment will be possible when countries with high debt levels will have balanced their budgets and economic growth will be based mostly on their own income and production instead of external cash flows and investment entering the country. It can be concluded that EU Development Index allows, in a more equitable fashion, to assess disparities of the EU Member States by development level and more rapidly reflect the rapid socio-economic change.

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