scholarly journals The Approaching New Grand Solar Minimum and Little Ice Age Climate Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (11) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils-Axel Mörner
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Climate Conditions

scholarly journals Late Holocene environmental reconstructions and their implications on flood events, typhoon, and agricultural activities in NE Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1857-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-C. Wang ◽  
H. Behling ◽  
T.-Q. Lee ◽  
H.-C. Li ◽  
C.-A. Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Warm Pool ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Hydrological Conditions ◽  
Enso Events

Abstract. We reconstructed paleoenvironmental changes from a sediment archive of a lake in the floodplain of the Ilan Plain of NE Taiwan on multi-decadal resolution for the last ca. 1900 years. On the basis of pollen and diatom records, we evaluated past floods, typhoons, and agricultural activities in this area which are sensitive to the hydrological conditions in the western Pacific. Considering the high sedimentation rates with low microfossil preservations in our sedimentary record, multiple flood events were. identified during the period AD 100–1400. During the Little Ice Age phase 1 (LIA 1 – AD 1400–1620), the abundant occurrences of wetland plant (Cyperaceae) and diatom frustules imply less flood events under stable climate conditions in this period. Between AD 500 and 700 and the Little Ice Age phase 2 (LIA 2 – AD 1630–1850), the frequent typhoons were inferred by coarse sediments and planktonic diatoms, which represented more dynamical climate conditions than in the LIA 1. By comparing our results with the reconstructed changes in tropical hydrological conditions, we suggested that the local hydrology in NE Taiwan is strongly influenced by typhoon-triggered heavy rainfalls, which could be influenced by the variation of global temperature, the expansion of the Pacific warm pool, and the intensification of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events.

scholarly journals The Little Ice Age, the climatic background of present-day warming in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Little Ice Age (LIA) constitutes the coldest period of the last millennia in Europe. A wide range of natural and historical records show evidence of colder climate conditions between the 14th and 19th centuries, together with a higher frequency of extreme hydroclimatic events. During these centuries, temperatures and precipitations showed different spatio-temporal patterns across Europe. This Special Issue includes eleven scientific works focusing on the climate regime, environmental dynamics as well as socio-economic implications of the LIA in Europe. Besides, this paper also identifies key guidelines for future research on the LIA causes and its consequences on environmental systems in the European continent.

Oxygen isotope evidence of Little Ice Age aridity on the Caribbean slope of the Cordillera Central, Dominican Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad S. Lane ◽  
Sally P. Horn ◽  
Kenneth H. Orvis ◽  
John M. Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Cordillera Central ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Caribbean

AbstractClimate change during the so-called Little Ice Age (LIA) of the 15th to 19th centuries was once thought to be limited to the high northern latitudes, but increasing evidence reflects significant climate change in the tropics. One of the hypothesized features of LIA climate in the low latitudes is a more southerly mean annual position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which produced more arid conditions through much of the northern tropics. High-resolution stable oxygen isotope data and other sedimentary evidence from Laguna de Felipe, located on the Caribbean slope of the Cordillera Central of the Dominican Republic, support the hypothesis that the mean annual position of the ITCZ was displaced significantly southward during much of the LIA. Placed within the context of regional paleoclimate and paleoceanographic records, and reconstructions of global LIA climate, this shift in mean annual ITCZ position appears to have been induced by lower solar insolation and internal dynamical responses of the global climate system. Our results from Hispaniola further emphasize the global nature of LIA climate change and the sensitivity of circum-Caribbean climate conditions to what are hypothesized to be relatively small variations in global energy budgets.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of New Straits and Islands Originated in the European Arctic Since the 1980s

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Wieslaw Ziaja ◽  
Krzysztof Ostafin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
European Arctic ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Origin Analysis

Several new islands and many islets have appeared in the European Arctic since the end of the 20th century due to glacial recession under climate warming. The specificity of the formation of each individual strait and island is shown in the paper (apart from its location and timing of its origin). Analysis of available maps and satellite images of all three European Arctic archipelagos, from different times since 1909–1910, was the main research method. There are three pathways of the morphogenesis of the new islands: (1) simultaneous recession of glaciers from both sides of a depression in bedrock being a potential strait (typical in Franz Josef Land), (2) uncovering a rocky hill (which protrudes from a depression in bedrock) from under a receding glacier, (3) recession of one glacier which had reached a rocky fragment of a coastline (e.g., headland or peninsula), being a potential new island, during a maximum extent of this glacier during the Little Ice Age (in the beginning of the 20th century). Additional straits and islands are currently at the stage of formation and will continue to form in the European Arctic in the case of further warming or stabilization of the current climate conditions.

scholarly journals Recent Climatic Mass Balance of the Schiaparelli Glacier at the Monte Sarmiento Massif and Reconstruction of Little Ice Age Climate by Simulating Steady-State Glacier Conditions

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Stephanie Suzanne Weidemann ◽  
Jorge Arigony-Neto ◽  
Ricardo Jaña ◽  
Guilherme Netto ◽  
Inti Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Recent Climate

The Cordillera Darwin Icefield loses mass at a similar rate as the Northern and Southern Patagonian Icefields, showing contrasting individual glacier responses, particularly between the north-facing and south-facing glaciers, which are subject to changing climate conditions. Detailed investigations of climatic mass balance processes on recent glacier behavior are not available for glaciers of the Cordillera Darwin Icefield and surrounding icefields. We therefore applied the coupled snow and ice energy and mass balance model in Python (COSIPY) to assess recent surface energy and mass balance variability for the Schiaparelli Glacier at the Monte Sarmiento Massif. We further used COSIPY to simulate steady-state glacier conditions during the Little Ice Age using information of moraine systems and glacier areal extent. The model is driven by downscaled 6-hourly atmospheric data and high resolution precipitation fields, obtained by using an analytical orographic precipitation model. Precipitation and air temperature offsets to present-day climate were considered to reconstruct climatic conditions during the Little Ice Age. A glacier-wide mean annual climatic mass balance of −1.8 ± 0.36 m w.e. a − 1 was simulated between between April 2000 and March 2017. An air temperature decrease between −0.9 ° C and −1.7 ° C in combination with a precipitation offset of up to +60% to recent climate conditions is necessary to simulate steady-state conditions for Schiaparelli Glacier in 1870.

From Disaster to Belief

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Philip Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Abundant Food ◽  
Over Time

Throughout history, climate-related disasters commonly had wide-ranging religious consequences. As climate conditions have changed over time, they have affected human affairs and shaped attitudes. At times those conditions might have promoted prosperity, abundant food supplies, fertility, and general contentment. Quite frequently, though, we can identify periods of acute harm, either short-lived, such as that of 1739–1742, or much longer-lasting, such as the repeated hammer blows during the prolonged cooling period that has been termed the Little Ice Age. This chapter describes the complex means by which climate affects human societies and thereby drives religious change, often on a revolutionary scale. It especially stresses the “apocalyptic” consequences: famine, plague, war, and death.

scholarly journals Continental atmospheric circulation over Europe during the Little Ice Age inferred from grape harvest dates

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3023-3048 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Yiou ◽  
I. García de Cortázar-Atauri ◽  
I. Chuine ◽  
V. Daux ◽  
E. Garnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Atmospheric Flow ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. Estimates of climate conditions before the 19th century are based on proxy data reconstructions or sparse meteorological measurements. The reconstruction of the atmospheric circulation that prevailed during the European Little Ice Age (~1500–1850) has fostered many efforts. This study illustrates a methodology combining historical proxies and modern data sets to obtain detailed information on the atmospheric circulation that prevailed over the North Atlantic region during the Little Ice Age. We use reconstructions of temperature gradients over France based on grape harvest dates to infer the atmospheric circulation. We find that blocking situations were more likely in summer, inducing a continental atmospheric flow. This study advocates that the reconstructions of the past atmospheric circulation should take this regime into account.

scholarly journals Rapid thinning of lake-calving Yakutat Glacier and the collapse of the Yakutat Icefield, southeast Alaska, USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (213) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Trüssel ◽  
Roman J. Motyka ◽  
Martin Truffer ◽  
Christopher F. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Feedback Mechanisms ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Tidewater Glaciers ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Time Periods

AbstractBoth lake-calving Yakutat Glacier (337 km2), Alaska, USA, and its parent icefield (810 km2) are experiencing strong thinning, and under current climate conditions will eventually disappear. Comparison of digital elevation models shows that Yakutat Glacier thinned at area-averaged rates of 4.76 ± 0.06 m w.e.a−1 (2000–07) and 3.66 ± 0.03 m w.e.a−1 (2007–10). Simultaneously, adjacent Yakutat Icefield land-terminating glaciers thinned at lower but still substantial rates (3.79 and 2.94 m w.e.a−1 respectively for the same time periods), indicating lake-calving dynamics helps drive increased mass loss. Yakutat Glacier terminates into Harlequin Lake and for over a decade sustained a ∼3 km long floating tongue, which started to disintegrate into large tabular icebergs in 2010. Such floating tongues are rarely seen on temperate tidewater glaciers. We hypothesize that this difference is likely due to the lack of submarine melting in the case of lake-calving glaciers. Floating-tongue ice losses were evaluated in terms of overall mass balance and contribution to sea-level rise. The post-Little Ice Age collapse of Yakutat Icefield was driven in part by tidewater calving retreats of adjacent glaciers, the lake-calving retreat of Yakutat Glacier, a warming climate and by the positive feedback mechanisms through surface lowering.

scholarly journals No on-going global flooding with the sun back in the centre

2008 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Nils-Axel Mörner
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Planetary System ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Shaky Ground

Aristotle’s presented the first global model; his model of the planetary system. It was totally wrong.Still, it ruled the world for 1800 years until Copernicus presented an observationally based solution. Toleave observational reality behind and to hang on to models and model predictions seem utterlydangerous and basically unscientific. Still, we are today victims of many ruling models. IPCC‚sclimate-modeling now totally roles the entire world. Still, it is based on very shaky ground includingerrors, falsifications and misinterpretations. Sea level, for example, is by no means in a rising mode andwe can free the world from the condemnation to become flooded in the near future. In about 40 yearswe will be in a new Solar Minimum and are hence likely to experience a new “Little Ice Age”. All thisreveals the danger of ruling models, and calls for a return to basic observational facts. Scientificintegrity has become vital.

Little Ice Age glacial activity in Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave H Lewis ◽  
Dan J Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Canadian Rocky Mountains ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Provincial Park

Dendroglaciological and lichenometric techniques are used to establish the Little Ice Age (LIA) history of two glaciers (Colonel Foster and Septimus) in Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Our lichenometric investigations were preceded by the development of a locally calibrated Rhizocarpon geographicum growth curve (1708–1998 A.D.). Documentation of a 3–4-year ecesis interval for both trees and lichen greatly reduces one of the main uncertainties in using geobotanical methods for dating LIA landforms. The moraine dates provided, therefore, give a good approximation of the shift in climate conditions that lead to the retreat of the glaciers and subsequent moraine stabilization. Geobotanical evidence records three synchronous episodes of LIA moraine deposition at both glaciers: two prominent moraines at each site are dated to the early 1700s and late 1800s, with a third, smaller moraine dated to the mid 1930s. Moraines deposited prior to 1397 A.D. were also recorded at Colonel Foster Glacier; however, precise dating of these moraines was not possible. The moraine records from Strathcona Provincial Park suggest two possible modes of glacier response: (i) synchronous responses to larger-scale climatic forcing, and (ii) asynchronous responses to local factors such as microclimate, topography, and glacier geometry. The Vancouver Island LIA record was evaluated in the context of LIA results from the Pacific North American (PNA) Cordillera. It compares well with regional moraine records from coastal British Columbia, Washington, Alaska, and the Canadian Rocky Mountains, suggesting a regional response of PNA glaciers to climate change associated with the LIA.

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