scholarly journals Major Elements Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rocks from Corumbataí Formation, Santa Gertrudes Ceramic Pole, São Paulo, Brazil

Geomaterials ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Margarita Torres Moreno ◽  
Rogers Raphael da Rocha ◽  
Letícia Hirata Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Major Elements

scholarly journals Petrochemical study of Middle-Late Paleozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks near the great meandering of Tuul River, Central Mongolia

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Sodnom Khishigsuren ◽  
Nuramkhaan Manchuk ◽  
Ser-Od Tseden-Ish ◽  
Bayarmaa Batsaikhan
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Orogenic Belt ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Education Development ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Central Mongolia ◽  
Magmatic Rocks ◽  
Upper Paleozoic ◽  
Continental Area

The great meandering of Tuul River is located in the Khentii section of the Khangai-Khentii orogenic belt, Central Mongolia. At the study area, dominanty distributed sedimentary and metamorphic roks of venlok-lower Devonian Sugnugur Formation of Asralt Khairkhan terrane and Pensilvanian Altan-Ovoo Formation of Ulaanbaatar terrane. The source of sedimentary rock are important to understand the geology and tectonic evoluation of the region. Whole-rock major elements compositions of 15 sandstone and mudrocks (siltstone and mudstone) and shale from the Sugnugur and Altan-Ovoo Formations were determind by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry at Nagoya University, Japan. Shale protolith of Sugnugur and Altan-Ovoo formations are terrigenous sedimentary rocks. The sandstone and mudstone of Sugnugur and Altan-Ovoo formations are almost similar to petrochemical properties, mostly of greywacke composition. The source of sandstone and mudstone of Altan-Ovoo Formation are the only silicic magmatic rocks, while the rocks of Sugnugur Formation are silicic magmatic rocks, with a mixture of quartz-sedimentary rocks, intermediate to mafic magmatic rocks. Sandstone and mudstone of Altan-Ovoo and Sugnugur formations are deposited in the active continental area by their petrochemical properties. These results support the results of the previous research on the Middle to Upper Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the previous researcher's Khangai-Khentii orogenic belt. This study curried out funding of “Higher Engineering Education Development (M-JEED ) Project” and Nagoya University of Japan. Төв Монгол, Туулын их тохойрол орчмын дунд-дээд палеозойн тунамал, хувирмал чулуулгийн петрохими  Хураангуй: Туулын их тохойрол нь Төв Монголын Хангай-Хэнтийн ороген тогтолцооны Хэнтийн хэсэгт байрлана. Судалгааны талбайд Асралт хайрханы террейний венлок-доод девоны Сөгнөгөр ба Улаанбаатар террейний пенсилванийн Алтан-Овоо формацын тунамал, хувирмал чулуулгууд зонхилон тархдаг. Тунамал хурдсын эх үүсвэр, тектоник орчны судалгаа нь уг бүс нутгийн геологи, тектоникийн хөгжлийн түүхийг ойлгоход чухал ач холбогдолтой. Судалгаанд Сөгнөгөр формацын 9 ш, Алтан-Овоо формацын 6 ш алевролит, элсэн, чулуу, занар хамрагдав. Гол элементийн геохимийн шинжилгээг Японы Нагоягийн Их сургуулийн Геохимийн лабораторид рентген флюоресценцийн (XRF) аргаар хийлээ. Сөгнөгөр ба Алтан-Овоо формацын занарын протолит нь терриген тунамал чулуулаг байна. Сөгнөгөр ба Алтан-Овоо формацын алевролит, элсэн чулуу петрохимийн шинжээрээ ойролцоо, голдуу грауваккын найрлагатай байна. Алтан-Овоо формацын аргиллит, элсэн чулууны эх үүсвэр дан ганц хүчиллэг магмын чулуулаг, харин Сөгнөгөр формацынх хүчиллэг магмын чулуулгаас гадна багаар кварцын тунамал чулуулаг, дундлаг ба суурилаг магмын чулуулаг бүхий холимог найрлагатай байна. Сөгнөгөр ба Алтан-Овоо формацын чулуулгууд петрохимийн шинжээрээ эх газрын идэвхтэй захад хуримтлагдсан байна. Эдгээр үр дүн нь өмнөх судлаачдын Хангай-Хэнтийн ороген тогтолцооны дунд-дээд палеозойн тунамал чулуулагт хийсэн судалгааны үр дүнг дэмжиж байна. Судалгааны ажил нь Япон-Монголын хамтарсан M-JEED “1000 инженер” инженер технологийн дээд боловсрол төслийн санхүүжилтээр хийгдэв. Түлхүүр үг: Төв Азийн ороген бүс, элсэн чулуу, Улаанбаатар террейн, Асралт хайрхан террейн

scholarly journals Quantitative Raman calibration of sulfate-bearing polymineralic mixtures: a S quantification in sedimentary rocks on Mars

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Larre ◽  
Yann Morizet ◽  
Catherine Guillot-Deudon ◽  
Fabien Baron ◽  
Nicolas Mangold
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Martian Soil ◽  
Natural Silicate ◽  
Climatic Evolution ◽  
Mechanical Mixtures ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Calibration Equations ◽  
Voigt Function ◽  
Curiosity Rover

AbstractThe NASA 2020 Mars mission is a Curiosity-type rover whose objective is to improve the knowledge of the geological and climatic evolution of Mars and to collect rock samples for return to Earth. The new rover has a payload of seven instruments including the SuperCam instrument which consists of four tools including a Raman spectrometer. This Raman device will be non-destructive and will analyse the surface remotely in order to determine the mineralogy of rocks and, by extent, to detect and quantify major elements such as sulfur. Sulfur has been detected as sulfate (Ca,Mg,Fe-sulfates) in sedimentary rocks. This element is difficult to quantify using the laser ablation tool of the ChemCam instrument on-board the Curiosity rover.We propose a Raman calibration to constrain the sulfur abundance in polymineralic mixtures. We acquired Raman signatures on binary and ternary mechanical mixtures containing Ca and Mg sulfates, mixed with natural silicate minerals supposed to be relevant to basaltic-sedimentary rocks at the surface of Mars: olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and plagioclase. Using the Voigt function to process the Raman spectra from samples extracted from our mixtures allows us to calculate the initial proportions of our preparations of Ca and Mg sulfates. From these simulations, calibration equations have been provided allowing us to determine sulfate proportions (CaSO4 and MgSO4) in a mixture with basaltic minerals. With the presented calibration, S can be quantified at a lower limit of 0.7 wt.% in Martian soil.

scholarly journals Geochemical and Petrographical Characteristics of the Madzaringwe Formation Coal, Mudrocks and Sandstones in the Vele Colliery, Limpopo Province, South Africa: Implications for Tectonic Setting, Provenance and Paleoweathering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2782
Author(s):  
Elelwani Denge ◽  
Christopher Baiyegunhi
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Active Continental Margin ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Granite Gneiss ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Mgo Support ◽  
Chemical Index Of Alteration

The sedimentary rocks of the Madzaringwe Formation in the Tuli Basin have been investigated using geochemical and petrographic methods to reveal their source area composition, tectonic setting, provenance and paleoweathering conditions. The petrographic studies show that the rocks consist mostly of clay minerals and quartz. The major elements geochemistry indicates that the rocks of the Madzaringwe Formation have the same source area. Based on the discriminant function plots, it can be inferred that the rocks are of quartzose sedimentary provenance, suggesting that they were derived from a cratonic interior or recycled orogen. The binary plots of TiO2 versus Zr and La/Sr against Th/Co shows that the rocks were derived from silicic or felsic igneous rocks. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams of SiO2 against Log (K2O/Na2O), Th–Sc–Zr/10, and TiO2 versus (Fe2O3 + MgO) support passive-active continental margin settings of the provenance. The A–CN–K (Al2O3–CaO + Na2O–K2O) ternary diagram and binary plot of the index of compositional variability (ICV) against chemical index of alteration (CIA) shows that the rocks have been subjected to moderate to intensive weathering. Geochemical and petrographic characteristics of the rocks point to uplifted basement source areas predominantly composed of sedimentary rocks and/or granite-gneiss rocks. These source areas might have been from adjacent areas near the Tuli coalfield which include the Limpopo Belt (igneous and sedimentary rocks), and basement uplifted rocks of the Beit-Bridge Complex, consisting of the granite, granite-gneisses and schists.

Ultrastructural Localization of Acid Mucosubstance in Skeletal Muscle

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 52-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Dougherty ◽  
Samuel S. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Thorium Dioxide ◽  
Iron Solution ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Psoas Muscles ◽  
Formalin Fixed

In recent years, considerable attention has focused on the morphological nature of the excitation-contraction coupling system of striated muscle. Since the study of Porter and Palade, it has become evident that the sarcoplastic reticulum (SR) and transverse tubules constitute the major elements of this system. The problem still exists, however, of determining the mechamisms by which the signal to interdigitate is presented to the thick and thin myofilaments. This problem appears to center on the movement of Ca++ions between myofilaments and SR. Recently, Philpott and Goldstein reported acid mucosubstance associated with the SR of fish branchial muscle using the colloidal thorium dioxide technique, and suggested that this material may serve to bind or release divalent cations such as Ca++. In the present study, Hale's iron solution adapted to electron microscopy was applied to formalin-fixed myofibrils isolated from glycerol-extracted rabbit psoas muscles and to frozen sections of formalin-fixed rat psoas muscles.

Direct Observation of Crystalline Ordering In Naturally Graphitized Carbon Produced by Low Grade Metamorphism

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Thomas R. McKee ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Commercial Carbon ◽  
Metamorphic Zone

Sediments commonly contain organic material which appears as refractory carbonaceous material in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Grew and others have shown that relative carbon content, crystallite size, X-ray crystallinity and development of well-ordered graphite crystal structure of the carbonaceous material increases with increasing metamorphic grade. The graphitization process is irreversible and appears to be continous from the amorphous to the completely graphitized stage. The most dramatic chemical and crystallographic changes take place within the chlorite metamorphic zone.The detailed X-ray investigation of crystallite size and crystalline ordering is complex and can best be investigated by other means such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The natural graphitization series is similar to that for heat-treated commercial carbon blacks, which have been successfully studied by HRTEM (Ban and others).

Molecular architecture and functions of the neuronal cytoskeleton

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Hirokawa
Keyword(s):  
Major Elements ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Organelle Transport ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Neuronal Morphogenesis ◽  
Microtubule Associated Proteins ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
And Function ◽  
Small Clusters

In this symposium I will present our studies about the molecular architecture and function of the cytomatrix of the nerve cells. The nerve cell is a highly polarized cell composed of highly branched dendrites, cell body, and a single long axon along the direction of the impulse propagation. Each part of the neuron takes characteristic shapes for which the cytoskeleton provides the framework. The neuronal cytoskeletons play important roles on neuronal morphogenesis, organelle transport and the synaptic transmission. In the axon neurofilaments (NF) form dense arrays, while microtubules (MT) are arranged as small clusters among the NFs. On the other hand, MTs are distributed uniformly, whereas NFs tend to run solitarily or form small fascicles in the dendrites Quick freeze deep etch electron microscopy revealed various kinds of strands among MTs, NFs and membranous organelles (MO). These structures form major elements of the cytomatrix in the neuron. To investigate molecular nature and function of these filaments first we studied molecular structures of microtubule associated proteins (MAP1A, MAP1B, MAP2, MAP2C and tau), and microtubules reconstituted from MAPs and tubulin in vitro. These MAPs were all fibrous molecules with different length and formed arm like projections from the microtubule surface.

Stabilizing pyritic material

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Wolberg
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Pyrite Formation ◽  
Organic Sediments ◽  
Freshwater Environments

The minerals pyrite and marcasite (broadly termed pyritic minerals) are iron sulfides that are common if not ubiquitous in sedimentary rocks, especially in association with organic materials (Berner, 1970). In most marine sedimentary associations, pyrite and marcasite are associated with organic sediments rich in dissolved sulfate and iron minerals. Because of the rapid consumption of sulfate in freshwater environments, however, pyrite formation is more restricted in nonmarine sediments (Berner, 1983). The origin of the sulfur in nonmarine environments must lie within pre-existing rocks or volcanic detritus; a relatively small, but significant contribution may derive from plant and animal decomposition products.

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