scholarly journals Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting as an Alternative Domestic Water Resource in Zambia

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (13) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Tseko Malambo ◽  
Qinghui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

scholarly journals Optimal Sizing of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Tanks for Sustainable Domestic Water Use in the West Bank, Palestine

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Sameer Shadeed ◽  
Sandy Alawna
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
The West ◽  
Average Family ◽  
Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

In highly water-poor areas, rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) can be used for a self-sustaining and self-reliant domestic water supply. The designing of an optimal RRWH storage tank is a key parameter to implement a reliable RRWH system. In this study, the optimal size of RRWH storage tanks in the different West Bank governorates was estimated based on monthly (all governorates) and daily (i.e., Nablus) inflow (RRWH) and outflow (domestic water demand, DWD) data. In the estimation of RRWH, five rooftop areas varying between 100 m2 and 300 m2 were selected. Moreover, the reliability of the adopting RRWH system in the different West Bank governorates was tested. Two-time series scenarios were assumed: Scenario 1, S1 (12 months, annual) and scenario 2, S2 (8 months, rainy). As a result, reliable curves for preliminary estimation of optimal RRWH storage tanks for the different West Bank governorates were obtained. Results show that the required storage tank for S1 (annual) is more than that of the S2 (rainy) one. The required storage tank to fulfill DWD is based on the average rooftop area of 150 m2, the average family members of 4.8, and the average DWD of 90 L per capita per day (L/c/d) varies between (75 m3 to 136 m3) and (24 m3 to 84 m3) for S2 for the different West Bank governorates. Further, it is found that the optimal RRWH tank size for the 150 m2 rooftop ranges between 20 m3 (in Jericho) to 75 m3 (in Salfit and Nablus) and between 20 m3 (in Jericho) to 51 m3 (in Jerusalem) for S1 and S2 scenarios, respectively. Finally, results show that the implementation of an RRWH system for a rooftop area of 150 m2 and family members of 4.8 is reliable for all of the West Bank governorates except Jericho. Whereas, the reliability doesn’t exceed 19% for the two scenarios. However, the reduction of DWDv is highly affecting the reliability of adopting RRWH systems in Jericho (the least rainfall governorate). For instance, a family DWDv of 3.2 m3/month (25% of the average family DWDv in the West Bank) will increase the reliability at a rooftop area of 150 m2 to 51% and 76% for S1 and S2, respectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting in Ajloun, Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zain Al-Houri ◽  
Abbas Al-Omari
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Initial Cost ◽  
Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Domestic Water Supply ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract In response to water scarcity in Ajloun governorate, Jordan, the effectiveness of implementing rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) was investigated. In addition, a structured questionnaire was prepared and distributed to randomly selected residents to assess the status of the current RRWH practices in the governorate and the people's perceptions of this practice. It was found that between 0.39 million cubic meters (MCM) in a dry year (2017) and 0.96 MCM in a wet year (2018) can be harvested, which is equivalent to 7.6% and 16.8% of the domestic water supply for these years, respectively. The analysis of a total of 360 questionnaires revealed that only 14.2% of the households in Ajloun governorate own a RRWH system. However, the majority, 80.6%, of those who do not own a RRWH system showed interest in installing one. An overwhelming majority of the sample, 96.7%, believes that the government should provide incentives to subsidize the construction of RRWH systems, which is attributed to the high initial cost of these systems. The technical and social feasibilities of RRWH, in addition to the high cost of the alternatives, justifies providing incentives, such as cost sharing for the consumers in Ajloun to implement RRWH systems.

In-situ treatment of fluoride in a hard rock setting by rooftop rainwater harvesting recharge scehme

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R Pujari ◽  
C. Padmakar ◽  
R. Quamar ◽  
L. Deshpande ◽  
R. Janipella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hard Rock ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

Scope/need of soft path water resource management in developing countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Amin ◽  
M. Han
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The goal of this paper is to identify the major outlines of innovative, integrated and decentralized water management practices, training, research, and development needs in various aspects of soft path water resource management in developing countries of Asia. The decentralized water strategies including science, regulations, training, government policies, and funding for some of the developing countries in Asian region are reviewed. There are two primary ways or paths of meeting water-related needs; one the “hard” path, and the other “soft” path that complements mainly decentralized and open decision-making, application of efficient technology, and environmental protection. One of the soft path decentralized solution being implemented in many developing countries of Asia is small scale rainwater harvesting and management and both government and non-government sectors are promoting the practice on a regional community and family basis. Overall, the paper aims to contribute to the ongoing development of environmentally sound and economically viable approaches to water management in the developing world.

scholarly journals Research and Analysis on Rainwater Harvesting and Utilization Technology of Unattended Substation

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02038
Author(s):  
Nan Cheng ◽  
Lin Xing ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Hongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Technology System

The rainwater collection and utilization technology in substation was investigated, and then a novel water-saving technology system for green substations is presented in this paper. A 220kV substation was chosen as the example to analyze the system. The results showed that it can save 278.5m³ water resource. It can provide important reference for rainwater collection and utilization in unattended substation.

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