scholarly journals Gaseous and Particulate Exhaust Emissions of Hybrid and Conventional Cars over Legislative and Real Driving Cycles

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Costagliola ◽  
Maria Vittoria Prati ◽  
Antonio Mariani ◽  
Andrea Unich ◽  
Biagio Morrone
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Driving Cycles

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED DRIVING CYCLES USED FOR EXHAUST EMISSIONS MEASUREMENT FROM PASSENGER CAR ENGINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
JAWORSKI A ◽  
◽  
JAREMCIO M ◽  
LEJDA K ◽  
MĄDZIEL M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Test

The manufacturing process for new passenger vehicles is based not only on their design and manufacture, but also on validation and testing, especially in the area of exhaust emissions. The car manufacturer is obliged to approve the type of each new model in accordance with the regulations. The regulation associated with the relevant directive includes a number of requirements, including the emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gas, which are imposed on newly manufactured vehicles. Along with the development of the automotive industry, more and more attention has been paid to the pollution that forms in the internal combustion engines of vehicles. The European Union has introduced standards known as “EURO” to define emission limits for the main pollutants in exhaust gases. The tests are carried out for all passenger cars in the same way: on a dynamometer, in a climatic chamber (with the possibility of temperature adjustment) and in accordance with a certain driving cycle. Road tests are designed to check fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. In September 2017, a new procedure was introduced called the World Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP), which includes several driving cycles called WLTC. The introduction of the new test was driven by the very dynamic development in the automotive industry of hybrid and electric vehicles. The previous NEDC test did not take into account several important parameters such as motor power or drive type. Due to the different specifics of road traffic in the United States, their own road tests were developed, in contrast to European ones. Tests are conducted in accordance with FTP-75 (Federal Testing Procedure). The test parameters take into account driving stability and engine operating conditions, on which the values of pollutant emissions in the exhaust gases depend. Due to the difference in laboratory driving cycles, according to traffic conditions, the values of pollutant emissions in the exhaust gases during road tests differ from those provided by the manufacturers. The article compares the characteristic test parameters according to WLTC, NEDC, American FTP-75 cycles (with additions SC03 and US06) and own road driving cycle in the Rzeszow region. Based on the analysis carried out, it was established that laboratory tests will never 100% reflect those driving conditions and driving on the road. However, the WLTC test has the advantage of being more realistic. Its high average ride speeds, longer stops, long distance traveled and higher top speed are more realistic than the NEDC test. KEY WORDS: VEHICLE TESTING, EFFECTIVE Emissions, WORLD HARMONIZED PASSENGER VEHICLE TEST PROCEDURE, NEW EUROPEAN DRIVING CYCLE, FEDERAL TESTING PROCEDURE.

scholarly journals Comparison of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions in WLTP and NEDC procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Grzegorz KOSZAŁKA ◽  
Andrzej SZCZOTKA ◽  
Andrzej SUCHECKI
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
The Third ◽  
Driving Cycles

Fuel consumption achieved in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) could be 50% lower than the fuel consumption in real driving conditions and in the case of emissions of regulated toxic compounds the differences could even be much greater. In order to bring the results achieved in official tests closer to real life figures, the European Commission introduced in 2017 the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP), which replaced the NEDC. In this article the results of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions for 3 cars fitted with engines of the same displacement but with direct and indirect gasoline injection, determined according to the NEDC and WLTC were presented. The results show that the effect of driving cycle on the fuel consumption is equivocal – for one car, fuel consumption was higher in the WLTC; for the other one in the NEDC; and for the third one, fuel consumption achieved in both driving cycles was practically the same. Emissions of regulated exhaust compounds, except for THC, obtained in the WLTC were higher than in the NEDC driving cycle.

scholarly journals Error Analysis of the Normative Calculation Method of the Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption in the Vehicles Fueled with Gaseous Fuels

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Paulina Grzelak ◽  
Sławomir Taubert
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Type Approval

The methodologies for calculating exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, which are given in the normative documents, do not take into account the fact that vehicles equipped with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or compressed natural gas (CNG) systems are fueled with petrol after a cold start. When calculating exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of LPG or CNG-powered vehicles, it is assumed that they result from the combustion of gaseous fuel only. This simplification leads to an incorrect determination of the emissions and fuel consumption values, as the formulas for calculating these values differ depending on the fuel type. This article presents the results of tests aimed at checking how that factor affects the value of emissions and fuel consumption calculated in the driving cycles used in the type-approval tests. In order to estimate the error resulting from this simplification, the tests of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of a vehicle equipped with an LPG system were carried out. The tests were carried out on a chassis dynamometer in the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) used in the type approval tests. In the tested vehicle, the CO, total hydrocarbons (THC), NOx and CO2 emissions calculated with the normative method were approx. 7% lower than the values calculated with the corrected method. For this reason, there is a need to develop a measurement method that allows for a separate analysis of the phase in which the vehicle is fueled with gasoline. This will allow the elimination of errors in the current normative method of calculating pollutant emissions from the exhaust system and fuel consumption of vehicles fueled with gaseous fuels.

scholarly journals Emission of Selected Exhaust Gas Components and Fuel Consumption in Different Driving Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. B265-B277
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kuranc ◽  
Jacek Caban ◽  
Branislav Šarkan ◽  
Agnieszka Dudziak ◽  
Monika Stoma
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Driving Cycles

Road transport have significant impact on regional economic and social development, but one can also point out a number of its disadvantages, which include environmental pollution. The paper presents measurements of fumes exhaust emissions of a passenger car with a significant operational mileage. The tests were carried out in a laboratory on a chassis roller dynamometer using various driving cycles. To determine the exhaust emissions, data on the mass of air flowing through the intake manifold was used, among others. The work also describes an example of own driving cycle developed based on urban driving in Lublin, Poland.

scholarly journals Developing a General Methodology and Construct a Driving Cycle with an Economic Performance Evaluation for Basrah City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.19) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Haider S. Najem ◽  
Qahtan A. Jawad ◽  
Abdulbaki K. Ali ◽  
Basil S. Munahi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
The Social ◽  
Future Work

In this paper, a statistical method is employed to develop a driving cycle for Basrah city and to find out the factor score and the Euclidean distance analysis by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). A simple electronic system is built to construct the driving cycle, the system considered a microcontroller and a GPS sensor connected to a PC through a simple C++ code. The development of the proposed driving cycle represents the first model driving cycle in the city of Basra. The advisor software package is used to investigate the economic performance of the internal combustion engine based on HC, CO, and NOx exhaust emissions. It was found that the obtained driving cycle is significantly different than the other driving cycles in terms of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption and within the expected range of emissions. The developed driving cycle model obtained is a representative delicate estimation of the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, and will be utilized for future work to obtain a good performance of the hybrid electric vehicles.  

scholarly journals The verification of ECU calibrations of a 1.3 Multijet engine on a chassis dynamometer

2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Jerzy MERKISZ ◽  
Piotr ŚWIĄTEK
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Vehicle Engine

One of the basic purposes of passenger vehicle engine tests on a chassis dynamometer is to verify the results of the tests carried out on engine test beds in terms of the ECU parameters. The paper presents the analysis of the engine load distribution in driving cycles both European and American. The issue of the influence of selected calibrations of a 1.3 Multijet engine on its operating parameters and the exhaust emissions has been presented. The realization of the project consisted in performing a series of tests on a chassis dynamometer for selected ECU calibrations determined during the engine test bed phase.

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